Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of diagnosing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in high IQ children and to further characterize the clinical features associated with their ADHD. Methods: We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ ≥120...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of child psychology and psychiatry 2007-07, Vol.48 (7), p.687-694 |
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| container_title | Journal of child psychology and psychiatry |
| container_volume | 48 |
| creator | Antshel, Kevin M. Faraone, Stephen V. Stallone, Kimberly Nave, Andrea Kaufmann, Felice A. Doyle, Alysa Fried, Ronna Seidman, Larry Biederman, Joseph |
| description | Background: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of diagnosing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in high IQ children and to further characterize the clinical features associated with their ADHD.
Methods: We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ ≥120. We identified 92 children with a high IQ who did not have ADHD and 49 children with a high IQ that met diagnostic criteria for ADHD who had participated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD.
Results: Of our participants with ADHD and a high IQ, the majority (n = 35) met criteria for the Combined subtype. Relative to control participants, children with ADHD and high IQ had a higher prevalence rate of familial ADHD in first‐degree relatives, repeated grades more often, had a poorer performance on the WISC‐III Block Design, had more comorbid psychopathology, and had more functional impairments across a number of domains.
Conclusions: Children with a high IQ and ADHD showed a pattern of familiality as well as cognitive, psychiatric and behavioral features consistent with the diagnosis of ADHD in children with average IQ. These data suggest that the diagnosis of ADHD is valid among high IQ children. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01735.x |
| format | Article |
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Methods: We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ ≥120. We identified 92 children with a high IQ who did not have ADHD and 49 children with a high IQ that met diagnostic criteria for ADHD who had participated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD.
Results: Of our participants with ADHD and a high IQ, the majority (n = 35) met criteria for the Combined subtype. Relative to control participants, children with ADHD and high IQ had a higher prevalence rate of familial ADHD in first‐degree relatives, repeated grades more often, had a poorer performance on the WISC‐III Block Design, had more comorbid psychopathology, and had more functional impairments across a number of domains.
Conclusions: Children with a high IQ and ADHD showed a pattern of familiality as well as cognitive, psychiatric and behavioral features consistent with the diagnosis of ADHD in children with average IQ. These data suggest that the diagnosis of ADHD is valid among high IQ children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9630</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7610</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01735.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17593149</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPPDAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Achievement ; ADD/ADHD ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis ; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics ; Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity ; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child clinical studies ; Child psychology ; Child, Gifted - psychology ; Child, Gifted - statistics & numerical data ; Clinical Diagnosis ; Cognition ; Conduct Disorder - diagnosis ; Conduct Disorder - epidemiology ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; diagnostic validity ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gifted ; Gifted children ; Heredity ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Individual Characteristics ; Intelligence ; Intelligence Quotient ; Intelligence Tests ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Medical diagnosis ; Medical sciences ; Mood Disorders - diagnosis ; Mood Disorders - epidemiology ; Predictor Variables ; Prevalence ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Schizophrenia - diagnosis ; Schizophrenia - epidemiology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III</subject><ispartof>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 2007-07, Vol.48 (7), p.687-694</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2007 The Authors Journal compilation 2007 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5425-5c698aa0bfa242c11312b1b5f232f9cbe0f4aa815252d2cdec2c2c292163e8393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5425-5c698aa0bfa242c11312b1b5f232f9cbe0f4aa815252d2cdec2c2c292163e8393</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7610.2007.01735.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7610.2007.01735.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1412,27905,27906,30980,30981,45555,45556</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ813265$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18833299$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17593149$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Antshel, Kevin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faraone, Stephen V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallone, Kimberly</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nave, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaufmann, Felice A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doyle, Alysa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fried, Ronna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Larry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biederman, Joseph</creatorcontrib><title>Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD</title><title>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry</title><addtitle>J Child Psychol Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Background: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of diagnosing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in high IQ children and to further characterize the clinical features associated with their ADHD.
Methods: We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ ≥120. We identified 92 children with a high IQ who did not have ADHD and 49 children with a high IQ that met diagnostic criteria for ADHD who had participated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD.
Results: Of our participants with ADHD and a high IQ, the majority (n = 35) met criteria for the Combined subtype. Relative to control participants, children with ADHD and high IQ had a higher prevalence rate of familial ADHD in first‐degree relatives, repeated grades more often, had a poorer performance on the WISC‐III Block Design, had more comorbid psychopathology, and had more functional impairments across a number of domains.
Conclusions: Children with a high IQ and ADHD showed a pattern of familiality as well as cognitive, psychiatric and behavioral features consistent with the diagnosis of ADHD in children with average IQ. These data suggest that the diagnosis of ADHD is valid among high IQ children.</description><subject>Achievement</subject><subject>ADD/ADHD</subject><subject>Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</subject><subject>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child clinical studies</subject><subject>Child psychology</subject><subject>Child, Gifted - psychology</subject><subject>Child, Gifted - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Clinical Diagnosis</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Conduct Disorder - diagnosis</subject><subject>Conduct Disorder - epidemiology</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>diagnostic validity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gifted</subject><subject>Gifted children</subject><subject>Heredity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Individual Characteristics</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Intelligence Quotient</subject><subject>Intelligence Tests</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mood Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Mood Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Predictor Variables</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III</subject><issn>0021-9630</issn><issn>1469-7610</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkltv0zAUxyMEYt3gGyBkIcFbii9xnLyApm7rRQXGTTxarnPSukuTYjtb8zX4xDhr1Um8DPvBl__v_HWOzokiRPCQhPV-PSRJmsciDR8UYzHERDA-3D2JBkfhaTTAmJI4Txk-iU6dW2OMU8az59EJETxnJMkH0Z-pQ8p7qL1palRAabTxaNVtwSrtza3xHSqMa2wBFil0qypThA-1rBtnHDI18itAWwsOag2oKdHKLFdo-vUj-gaurbxDpW0299Sn8QTNm3ppfFuYWlXoSm1M1aHv_RtcH3x-Mbl4ET0rVeXg5eE8i35eXf4YTeL5l_F0dD6PNU8oj7lO80wpvCgVTagmhBG6IAteUkbLXC8Al4lSGeGU04LqAjTtd05JyiBjOTuL3u19t7b53YLzcmOchqpSNTStkwKnPEmS9FGQC0rzhPeOb_4B101rQ6VOUiYw4TgTj0E4VEUClO0hbRvnLJRya81G2U4SLPsRkGvZd1r2nZb9CMj7EZC7EPr64N8uNlA8BB56HoC3B0A5rarSqlob98BlGWM077lXew6s0Uf5chbSoykP8oe9fGcq6P47PzkbXV_312AQ7w2M87A7Gih7I1PBBJe_Po_lfDYRk4QFI_YX2XDjxQ</recordid><startdate>200707</startdate><enddate>200707</enddate><creator>Antshel, Kevin M.</creator><creator>Faraone, Stephen V.</creator><creator>Stallone, Kimberly</creator><creator>Nave, Andrea</creator><creator>Kaufmann, Felice A.</creator><creator>Doyle, Alysa</creator><creator>Fried, Ronna</creator><creator>Seidman, Larry</creator><creator>Biederman, Joseph</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell Publishing</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200707</creationdate><title>Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD</title><author>Antshel, Kevin M. ; Faraone, Stephen V. ; Stallone, Kimberly ; Nave, Andrea ; Kaufmann, Felice A. ; Doyle, Alysa ; Fried, Ronna ; Seidman, Larry ; Biederman, Joseph</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5425-5c698aa0bfa242c11312b1b5f232f9cbe0f4aa815252d2cdec2c2c292163e8393</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Achievement</topic><topic>ADD/ADHD</topic><topic>Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</topic><topic>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child clinical studies</topic><topic>Child psychology</topic><topic>Child, Gifted - psychology</topic><topic>Child, Gifted - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Clinical Diagnosis</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Conduct Disorder - diagnosis</topic><topic>Conduct Disorder - epidemiology</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>diagnostic validity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gifted</topic><topic>Gifted children</topic><topic>Heredity</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Individual Characteristics</topic><topic>Intelligence</topic><topic>Intelligence Quotient</topic><topic>Intelligence Tests</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mood Disorders - diagnosis</topic><topic>Mood Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Predictor Variables</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Antshel, Kevin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faraone, Stephen V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallone, Kimberly</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nave, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaufmann, Felice A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doyle, Alysa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fried, Ronna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Larry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biederman, Joseph</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Antshel, Kevin M.</au><au>Faraone, Stephen V.</au><au>Stallone, Kimberly</au><au>Nave, Andrea</au><au>Kaufmann, Felice A.</au><au>Doyle, Alysa</au><au>Fried, Ronna</au><au>Seidman, Larry</au><au>Biederman, Joseph</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ813265</ericid><atitle>Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD</atitle><jtitle>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>J Child Psychol Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2007-07</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>48</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>687</spage><epage>694</epage><pages>687-694</pages><issn>0021-9630</issn><eissn>1469-7610</eissn><coden>JPPDAI</coden><abstract>Background: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of diagnosing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in high IQ children and to further characterize the clinical features associated with their ADHD.
Methods: We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ ≥120. We identified 92 children with a high IQ who did not have ADHD and 49 children with a high IQ that met diagnostic criteria for ADHD who had participated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD.
Results: Of our participants with ADHD and a high IQ, the majority (n = 35) met criteria for the Combined subtype. Relative to control participants, children with ADHD and high IQ had a higher prevalence rate of familial ADHD in first‐degree relatives, repeated grades more often, had a poorer performance on the WISC‐III Block Design, had more comorbid psychopathology, and had more functional impairments across a number of domains.
Conclusions: Children with a high IQ and ADHD showed a pattern of familiality as well as cognitive, psychiatric and behavioral features consistent with the diagnosis of ADHD in children with average IQ. These data suggest that the diagnosis of ADHD is valid among high IQ children.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>17593149</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01735.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 2007-07, Vol.48 (7), p.687-694 |
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| subjects | Achievement ADD/ADHD Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - epidemiology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Biological and medical sciences Child Child clinical studies Child psychology Child, Gifted - psychology Child, Gifted - statistics & numerical data Clinical Diagnosis Cognition Conduct Disorder - diagnosis Conduct Disorder - epidemiology Demography Diagnosis diagnostic validity Female Follow-Up Studies Gifted Gifted children Heredity Humans Hyperactivity Individual Characteristics Intelligence Intelligence Quotient Intelligence Tests Longitudinal Studies Male Medical diagnosis Medical sciences Mood Disorders - diagnosis Mood Disorders - epidemiology Predictor Variables Prevalence Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology Psychopathology. Psychiatry Schizophrenia - diagnosis Schizophrenia - epidemiology Severity of Illness Index Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology Surveys and Questionnaires Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III |
| title | Is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a valid diagnosis in the presence of high IQ? Results from the MGH Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD |
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