Selective Deficits in the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Postmortem Orbitofrontal Cortex of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Background Epidemiological surveys and peripheral tissue (red blood cells/plasma) fatty acid composition studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acid deficiency is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide. It was hypothesized that patients with MDD would exhibit lower frontal cortical...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biological psychiatry (1969) 2007-07, Vol.62 (1), p.17-24
Hauptverfasser: McNamara, Robert K, Hahn, Chang-Gyu, Jandacek, Ronald, Rider, Therese, Tso, Patrick, Stanford, Kevin E, Richtand, Neil M
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container_end_page 24
container_issue 1
container_start_page 17
container_title Biological psychiatry (1969)
container_volume 62
creator McNamara, Robert K
Hahn, Chang-Gyu
Jandacek, Ronald
Rider, Therese
Tso, Patrick
Stanford, Kevin E
Richtand, Neil M
description Background Epidemiological surveys and peripheral tissue (red blood cells/plasma) fatty acid composition studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acid deficiency is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide. It was hypothesized that patients with MDD would exhibit lower frontal cortical concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the principal omega-3 fatty acid in brain, relative to normal controls. Methods We determined the total fatty acid composition of postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann’s Area 10) from patients with DSM-IV-defined MDD ( n = 15) and age-matched normal controls ( n = 27) by gas chromatography. Results After correction for multiple comparisons, the omega-3 fatty acid DHA was the only fatty acid that was significantly different (−22%) in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of MDD patients relative to normal controls. Deficits in DHA concentrations were greater in female MDD patients (−32%) than in male MDD patients (−16%), and could not be wholly attributed to lifestyle factors or postmortem tissue variables. Conclusions These results demonstrate a selective deficit in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the orbitofrontal cortex of patients with MDD. This finding adds to a growing body of evidence implicating omega-3 fatty acid deficiency as well as the orbitofrontal cortex in the pathophysiology and potentially pathogenesis of MDD.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.026
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It was hypothesized that patients with MDD would exhibit lower frontal cortical concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the principal omega-3 fatty acid in brain, relative to normal controls. Methods We determined the total fatty acid composition of postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann’s Area 10) from patients with DSM-IV-defined MDD ( n = 15) and age-matched normal controls ( n = 27) by gas chromatography. Results After correction for multiple comparisons, the omega-3 fatty acid DHA was the only fatty acid that was significantly different (−22%) in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of MDD patients relative to normal controls. Deficits in DHA concentrations were greater in female MDD patients (−32%) than in male MDD patients (−16%), and could not be wholly attributed to lifestyle factors or postmortem tissue variables. Conclusions These results demonstrate a selective deficit in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the orbitofrontal cortex of patients with MDD. This finding adds to a growing body of evidence implicating omega-3 fatty acid deficiency as well as the orbitofrontal cortex in the pathophysiology and potentially pathogenesis of MDD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0006-3223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2402</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.026</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17188654</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BIPCBF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Arachidonic acid ; Autopsy ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cause of Death ; Chromatography, Gas ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis ; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ; Docosahexaenoic Acids - analysis ; fatty acid ; Fatty Acids - analysis ; Female ; Frontal Lobe - chemistry ; Humans ; major depressive disorder (MDD) ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mood disorders ; oleic acid ; orbitofrontal cortex ; postmortem brain ; prefrontal cortex ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. 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It was hypothesized that patients with MDD would exhibit lower frontal cortical concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the principal omega-3 fatty acid in brain, relative to normal controls. Methods We determined the total fatty acid composition of postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann’s Area 10) from patients with DSM-IV-defined MDD ( n = 15) and age-matched normal controls ( n = 27) by gas chromatography. Results After correction for multiple comparisons, the omega-3 fatty acid DHA was the only fatty acid that was significantly different (−22%) in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of MDD patients relative to normal controls. Deficits in DHA concentrations were greater in female MDD patients (−32%) than in male MDD patients (−16%), and could not be wholly attributed to lifestyle factors or postmortem tissue variables. Conclusions These results demonstrate a selective deficit in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the orbitofrontal cortex of patients with MDD. 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It was hypothesized that patients with MDD would exhibit lower frontal cortical concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the principal omega-3 fatty acid in brain, relative to normal controls. Methods We determined the total fatty acid composition of postmortem orbitofrontal cortex (Brodmann’s Area 10) from patients with DSM-IV-defined MDD ( n = 15) and age-matched normal controls ( n = 27) by gas chromatography. Results After correction for multiple comparisons, the omega-3 fatty acid DHA was the only fatty acid that was significantly different (−22%) in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of MDD patients relative to normal controls. Deficits in DHA concentrations were greater in female MDD patients (−32%) than in male MDD patients (−16%), and could not be wholly attributed to lifestyle factors or postmortem tissue variables. Conclusions These results demonstrate a selective deficit in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the orbitofrontal cortex of patients with MDD. This finding adds to a growing body of evidence implicating omega-3 fatty acid deficiency as well as the orbitofrontal cortex in the pathophysiology and potentially pathogenesis of MDD.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>17188654</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.026</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Arachidonic acid
Autopsy
Biological and medical sciences
Cause of Death
Chromatography, Gas
Depression
Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
Docosahexaenoic Acids - analysis
fatty acid
Fatty Acids - analysis
Female
Frontal Lobe - chemistry
Humans
major depressive disorder (MDD)
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mood disorders
oleic acid
orbitofrontal cortex
postmortem brain
prefrontal cortex
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Sex Factors
title Selective Deficits in the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Postmortem Orbitofrontal Cortex of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
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