Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals
The importance of intellectual talent to achievement in all professional domains is well established, but less is known about other individual differences that predict success. The authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit. Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, g...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of personality and social psychology 2007-06, Vol.92 (6), p.1087-1101 |
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| container_title | Journal of personality and social psychology |
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| creator | Duckworth, Angela L Peterson, Christopher Matthews, Michael D Kelly, Dennis R |
| description | The importance of intellectual talent to achievement in all
professional domains is well established, but less is known
about other individual differences that predict success. The
authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit.
Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals,
grit accounted for an average of 4% of the variance in
success outcomes, including educational attainment among 2
samples of adults (
N
= 1,545 and
N
= 690), grade point average among Ivy
League undergraduates (
N
= 138), retention
in 2 classes of United States Military Academy, West Point,
cadets (
N
= 1,218 and
N
=
1,308), and ranking in the National Spelling Bee
(
N
= 175). Grit did not relate positively
to IQ but was highly correlated with Big Five
Conscientiousness. Grit nonetheless demonstrated incremental
predictive validity of success measures over and beyond IQ
and conscientiousness. Collectively, these findings suggest
that the achievement of difficult goals entails not only
talent but also the sustained and focused application of
talent over time. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087 |
| format | Article |
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professional domains is well established, but less is known
about other individual differences that predict success. The
authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit.
Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals,
grit accounted for an average of 4% of the variance in
success outcomes, including educational attainment among 2
samples of adults (
N
= 1,545 and
N
= 690), grade point average among Ivy
League undergraduates (
N
= 138), retention
in 2 classes of United States Military Academy, West Point,
cadets (
N
= 1,218 and
N
=
1,308), and ranking in the National Spelling Bee
(
N
= 175). Grit did not relate positively
to IQ but was highly correlated with Big Five
Conscientiousness. Grit nonetheless demonstrated incremental
predictive validity of success measures over and beyond IQ
and conscientiousness. Collectively, these findings suggest
that the achievement of difficult goals entails not only
talent but also the sustained and focused application of
talent over time.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3514</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1315</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17547490</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPSPB2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Academic Achievement ; Achievement ; Adult ; Behavior ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cognition. Intelligence ; Comparative analysis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Differences ; Educational Attainment Level ; Educational Status ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Goal Orientation ; Goals ; Human ; Humans ; Intellectual ability ; Intellectual and cognitive abilities ; Intelligence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motivation ; Passion ; Persistence ; Personality ; Personality Traits ; Personality. Affectivity ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Social Behavior ; Social psychology ; Social research ; Spelling bees ; Success ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Talent ; Variance</subject><ispartof>Journal of personality and social psychology, 2007-06, Vol.92 (6), p.1087-1101</ispartof><rights>2007 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>(c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Jun 2007</rights><rights>2007, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a582t-4f6fc7aeffe2affc73670335ef6a33797fd7ca3abda6678bb3ba7eabd990c8a23</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,30999,31000,33774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18830215$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17547490$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Carver, Charles S</contributor><creatorcontrib>Duckworth, Angela L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peterson, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthews, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelly, Dennis R</creatorcontrib><title>Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals</title><title>Journal of personality and social psychology</title><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><description>The importance of intellectual talent to achievement in all
professional domains is well established, but less is known
about other individual differences that predict success. The
authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit.
Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals,
grit accounted for an average of 4% of the variance in
success outcomes, including educational attainment among 2
samples of adults (
N
= 1,545 and
N
= 690), grade point average among Ivy
League undergraduates (
N
= 138), retention
in 2 classes of United States Military Academy, West Point,
cadets (
N
= 1,218 and
N
=
1,308), and ranking in the National Spelling Bee
(
N
= 175). Grit did not relate positively
to IQ but was highly correlated with Big Five
Conscientiousness. Grit nonetheless demonstrated incremental
predictive validity of success measures over and beyond IQ
and conscientiousness. Collectively, these findings suggest
that the achievement of difficult goals entails not only
talent but also the sustained and focused application of
talent over time.</description><subject>Academic Achievement</subject><subject>Achievement</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition. Intelligence</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Differences</subject><subject>Educational Attainment Level</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Goal Orientation</subject><subject>Goals</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intellectual ability</subject><subject>Intellectual and cognitive abilities</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Passion</subject><subject>Persistence</subject><subject>Personality</subject><subject>Personality Traits</subject><subject>Personality. Affectivity</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Social Behavior</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Social research</subject><subject>Spelling bees</subject><subject>Success</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Talent</subject><subject>Variance</subject><issn>0022-3514</issn><issn>1939-1315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0UtLAzEQAOAgFVurv0DwINSTW_N-HKVoFQpe9Bxm0wS2bNs12T3035vSYrGIPSUZvpkkMwjdEDwmmKlHjCktmCB8bOhY5phWZ2hADDMFYUT00OBH9NFlSguMMReUXqA-UYIrbvAA9aaxaq_QeYA6-ev9OkSfL88fk9di9j59mzzNChCatgUPMjgFPgRPIeQtkwozJnyQwJgyKsyVAwblHKRUuixZCcrnozHYaaBsiO53dZu4_up8au2ySs7XNaz8uktWYSF5fthJKBRWXAlzEjIpNTVMZ3h3BBfrLq7yb60knEsq8L-IYqOzkCQjtkMurlOKPtgmVkuIG0uw3Q7Gbttut223hlppt4PJWbf70l259PNDzn4SGYz2AJKDOkRYuSodnNYMUyKye9g5aMA2aeMgtpWrfXJdjH7V5ljz697R3_zIfQN-O652</recordid><startdate>20070601</startdate><enddate>20070601</enddate><creator>Duckworth, Angela L</creator><creator>Peterson, Christopher</creator><creator>Matthews, Michael D</creator><creator>Kelly, Dennis R</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070601</creationdate><title>Grit</title><author>Duckworth, Angela L ; Peterson, Christopher ; Matthews, Michael D ; Kelly, Dennis R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a582t-4f6fc7aeffe2affc73670335ef6a33797fd7ca3abda6678bb3ba7eabd990c8a23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Academic Achievement</topic><topic>Achievement</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition. Intelligence</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Differences</topic><topic>Educational Attainment Level</topic><topic>Educational Status</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Goal Orientation</topic><topic>Goals</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intellectual ability</topic><topic>Intellectual and cognitive abilities</topic><topic>Intelligence</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Motivation</topic><topic>Passion</topic><topic>Persistence</topic><topic>Personality</topic><topic>Personality Traits</topic><topic>Personality. Affectivity</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Social Behavior</topic><topic>Social psychology</topic><topic>Social research</topic><topic>Spelling bees</topic><topic>Success</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Talent</topic><topic>Variance</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Duckworth, Angela L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peterson, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matthews, Michael D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelly, Dennis R</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><collection>Access via APA PsycArticles® (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of personality and social psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Duckworth, Angela L</au><au>Peterson, Christopher</au><au>Matthews, Michael D</au><au>Kelly, Dennis R</au><au>Carver, Charles S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals</atitle><jtitle>Journal of personality and social psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><date>2007-06-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1087</spage><epage>1101</epage><pages>1087-1101</pages><issn>0022-3514</issn><eissn>1939-1315</eissn><coden>JPSPB2</coden><abstract>The importance of intellectual talent to achievement in all
professional domains is well established, but less is known
about other individual differences that predict success. The
authors tested the importance of 1 noncognitive trait: grit.
Defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals,
grit accounted for an average of 4% of the variance in
success outcomes, including educational attainment among 2
samples of adults (
N
= 1,545 and
N
= 690), grade point average among Ivy
League undergraduates (
N
= 138), retention
in 2 classes of United States Military Academy, West Point,
cadets (
N
= 1,218 and
N
=
1,308), and ranking in the National Spelling Bee
(
N
= 175). Grit did not relate positively
to IQ but was highly correlated with Big Five
Conscientiousness. Grit nonetheless demonstrated incremental
predictive validity of success measures over and beyond IQ
and conscientiousness. Collectively, these findings suggest
that the achievement of difficult goals entails not only
talent but also the sustained and focused application of
talent over time.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>17547490</pmid><doi>10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Sociological Abstracts; EBSCOhost APA PsycARTICLES; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) |
| subjects | Academic Achievement Achievement Adult Behavior Biological and medical sciences Cognition. Intelligence Comparative analysis Cross-Sectional Studies Differences Educational Attainment Level Educational Status Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Goal Orientation Goals Human Humans Intellectual ability Intellectual and cognitive abilities Intelligence Male Middle Aged Motivation Passion Persistence Personality Personality Traits Personality. Affectivity Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Social Behavior Social psychology Social research Spelling bees Success Surveys and Questionnaires Talent Variance |
| title | Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals |
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