Biosensing hydrogen peroxide utilizing carbon paste electrodes containing peroxidases naturally immobilized on coconut ( Cocus nucifera L.) fibers

A novel unmediated hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on the incorporation of fibrous tissue of coconut fruit in carbon paste matrix is presented. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry were utilized to characterize the main electrochemical parameters and the performance of this new biosensor under different preparation and operation conditions. The resulting H 2O 2-sensitive biosensors respond rapidly (7 s to attain 90% of the signal), was operated at −0.15 V, presented linear response between 2.0 × 10 −4 and 3.4 × 10 −3 mol L −1, the detection limit was estimated as 4.0 × 10 −5 mol L −1. Its operation potential was situated between −0.2 and 0.1 V and the best pH was determined as 5.2. Electrodes containing 5% (w/w) of coconut fiber presented the best signal and their lifetime was extended to 3 months. The apparent Michaelis–Menten constant K M app and V max were estimated to be 8.90 mmol L −1 and 6.92 mmol L −1 μA −1, respectively. The results obtained for determination of hydrogen peroxide in four pharmaceutical products (antiseptic solution, contact lenses cleaning solution, hair coloring cream and antiseptic dental rinse solution) were in agreement with those obtained by the spectrophotometric method. An additional advantage of these biosensors is the capacity to measure hydrogen peroxide even in samples with relatively low pH. To demonstrate the enzymatic activity of the coconut tissue, a very simple way was created during this work. Coconut fibers were immersed in H 2O 2 solution between two glass slides. Sequential images were taken to show the rapid generation of O 2, attesting the high activity of the enzymes.