Formulation of Sustained-Release Verapamil HCl and Diltiazem HCl Semisolid Matrix Capsules
Semisolid matrix capsule formulations of verapamil HCl and diltiazem HCl prepared by hot-melt capsule filling are an especially appealing and simple way to make sustained-release formulations. Semisolid matrices of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid combination eroded and disintegrated at various rate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pharmaceutical development and technology 2008-01, Vol.13 (2), p.115-125 |
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| container_title | Pharmaceutical development and technology |
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| creator | Nguyen, Chien N. Christensen, J. Mark Ayres, James W. |
| description | Semisolid matrix capsule formulations of verapamil HCl and diltiazem HCl prepared by hot-melt capsule filling are an especially appealing and simple way to make sustained-release formulations. Semisolid matrices of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid combination eroded and disintegrated at various rates, depending on the combination of waxes, and drug release rates were dependent on storage time (2.5 years) and temperature. Semisolid matrices of combinations of only Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol eroded at a rate much less than combinations of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid. The drug release mechanism from Gelucire® 50 13: stearic acid matrices involved diffusion and erosion, whereas Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol matrices exhibited a diffusion mechanism only. A combination of Gelucire® 50 13 with cetyl alcohol is more effective than stearic acid in appropriately extending verapamil HCl release from semisolid matrix capsules. The semisolid matrix formulations studied are sensitive to dissolution stirring speeds. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/10837450701831070 |
| format | Article |
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Mark ; Ayres, James W.</creator><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Chien N. ; Christensen, J. Mark ; Ayres, James W.</creatorcontrib><description>Semisolid matrix capsule formulations of verapamil HCl and diltiazem HCl prepared by hot-melt capsule filling are an especially appealing and simple way to make sustained-release formulations. Semisolid matrices of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid combination eroded and disintegrated at various rates, depending on the combination of waxes, and drug release rates were dependent on storage time (2.5 years) and temperature. Semisolid matrices of combinations of only Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol eroded at a rate much less than combinations of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid. The drug release mechanism from Gelucire® 50 13: stearic acid matrices involved diffusion and erosion, whereas Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol matrices exhibited a diffusion mechanism only. A combination of Gelucire® 50 13 with cetyl alcohol is more effective than stearic acid in appropriately extending verapamil HCl release from semisolid matrix capsules. The semisolid matrix formulations studied are sensitive to dissolution stirring speeds.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1083-7450</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-9867</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/10837450701831070</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18379903</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Informa UK Ltd</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Capsules ; cetyl alcohol ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Diltiazem - administration & dosage ; Diltiazem - chemistry ; diltiazem HCl ; Gelucire® 50/13 ; General pharmacology ; hot melt filling ; Medical sciences ; Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; semisolid matrix ; Solubility ; stearic acid ; sustained-release ; Verapamil - administration & dosage ; Verapamil - chemistry ; verapamil HCl</subject><ispartof>Pharmaceutical development and technology, 2008-01, Vol.13 (2), p.115-125</ispartof><rights>2008 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2008</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d64a3360e3d3f5ab31ed4681a59c753d580b410e963bbbc15ba6b3e39309157e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d64a3360e3d3f5ab31ed4681a59c753d580b410e963bbbc15ba6b3e39309157e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10837450701831070$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10837450701831070$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,59647,59753,60436,60542,61221,61256,61402,61437</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20305676$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18379903$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Chien N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, J. Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayres, James W.</creatorcontrib><title>Formulation of Sustained-Release Verapamil HCl and Diltiazem HCl Semisolid Matrix Capsules</title><title>Pharmaceutical development and technology</title><addtitle>Pharm Dev Technol</addtitle><description>Semisolid matrix capsule formulations of verapamil HCl and diltiazem HCl prepared by hot-melt capsule filling are an especially appealing and simple way to make sustained-release formulations. Semisolid matrices of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid combination eroded and disintegrated at various rates, depending on the combination of waxes, and drug release rates were dependent on storage time (2.5 years) and temperature. Semisolid matrices of combinations of only Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol eroded at a rate much less than combinations of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid. The drug release mechanism from Gelucire® 50 13: stearic acid matrices involved diffusion and erosion, whereas Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol matrices exhibited a diffusion mechanism only. A combination of Gelucire® 50 13 with cetyl alcohol is more effective than stearic acid in appropriately extending verapamil HCl release from semisolid matrix capsules. The semisolid matrix formulations studied are sensitive to dissolution stirring speeds.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Capsules</subject><subject>cetyl alcohol</subject><subject>Chemistry, Pharmaceutical</subject><subject>Delayed-Action Preparations</subject><subject>Diltiazem - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Diltiazem - chemistry</subject><subject>diltiazem HCl</subject><subject>Gelucire® 50/13</subject><subject>General pharmacology</subject><subject>hot melt filling</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>semisolid matrix</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>stearic acid</subject><subject>sustained-release</subject><subject>Verapamil - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Verapamil - chemistry</subject><subject>verapamil HCl</subject><issn>1083-7450</issn><issn>1097-9867</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1v1DAQhi1ERUvLD-CCcoFbqL1jx7HgghZKKxVV6teBSzSJJ6orJ17sRFB-Pd7ulgoh9TIzsp53NH4Yey34e8FrfpgLaKm45qIGkdsztie40aWpK_18PddQroFd9jKlW54xw9ULtptxbQyHPfb9KMRh9ji5MBahLy7mNKEbyZbn5AkTFdcUcYWD88Xx0hc42uKz85PD3zTcv1zQ4FLwzhbfcIruV7HEVZo9pQO206NP9Grb99nV0ZfL5XF5evb1ZPnptOwkyKm0lUSAihNY6BW2IMjKqhaoTKcVWFXzVgpOpoK2bTuhWqxaIDDAjVCaYJ-92-xdxfBjpjQ1-aCOvMeRwpwazaWUarHIoNiAXQwpReqbVXQDxrtG8GYttPlPaM682S6f24HsY2JrMANvtwCmDn0fcexc-sstOHBV6SpzHzecG_usHH-G6G0z4Z0P8SEET93x4Z_4DaGfbjqM1NyGOY5Z8BO_-ANKLKHh</recordid><startdate>20080101</startdate><enddate>20080101</enddate><creator>Nguyen, Chien N.</creator><creator>Christensen, J. Mark</creator><creator>Ayres, James W.</creator><general>Informa UK Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Informa Healthcare</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080101</creationdate><title>Formulation of Sustained-Release Verapamil HCl and Diltiazem HCl Semisolid Matrix Capsules</title><author>Nguyen, Chien N. ; Christensen, J. Mark ; Ayres, James W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d64a3360e3d3f5ab31ed4681a59c753d580b410e963bbbc15ba6b3e39309157e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Capsules</topic><topic>cetyl alcohol</topic><topic>Chemistry, Pharmaceutical</topic><topic>Delayed-Action Preparations</topic><topic>Diltiazem - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Diltiazem - chemistry</topic><topic>diltiazem HCl</topic><topic>Gelucire® 50/13</topic><topic>General pharmacology</topic><topic>hot melt filling</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>semisolid matrix</topic><topic>Solubility</topic><topic>stearic acid</topic><topic>sustained-release</topic><topic>Verapamil - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Verapamil - chemistry</topic><topic>verapamil HCl</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Chien N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, J. Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayres, James W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pharmaceutical development and technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nguyen, Chien N.</au><au>Christensen, J. Mark</au><au>Ayres, James W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Formulation of Sustained-Release Verapamil HCl and Diltiazem HCl Semisolid Matrix Capsules</atitle><jtitle>Pharmaceutical development and technology</jtitle><addtitle>Pharm Dev Technol</addtitle><date>2008-01-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>115</spage><epage>125</epage><pages>115-125</pages><issn>1083-7450</issn><eissn>1097-9867</eissn><abstract>Semisolid matrix capsule formulations of verapamil HCl and diltiazem HCl prepared by hot-melt capsule filling are an especially appealing and simple way to make sustained-release formulations. Semisolid matrices of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid combination eroded and disintegrated at various rates, depending on the combination of waxes, and drug release rates were dependent on storage time (2.5 years) and temperature. Semisolid matrices of combinations of only Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol eroded at a rate much less than combinations of Gelucire® 50 13 and stearic acid. The drug release mechanism from Gelucire® 50 13: stearic acid matrices involved diffusion and erosion, whereas Gelucire® 50 13 and cetyl alcohol matrices exhibited a diffusion mechanism only. A combination of Gelucire® 50 13 with cetyl alcohol is more effective than stearic acid in appropriately extending verapamil HCl release from semisolid matrix capsules. The semisolid matrix formulations studied are sensitive to dissolution stirring speeds.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Informa UK Ltd</pub><pmid>18379903</pmid><doi>10.1080/10837450701831070</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Pharmaceutical development and technology, 2008-01, Vol.13 (2), p.115-125 |
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| source | Taylor & Francis Online; MEDLINE; Taylor & Francis Medical Library - CRKN; Business Source Complete |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Capsules cetyl alcohol Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Delayed-Action Preparations Diltiazem - administration & dosage Diltiazem - chemistry diltiazem HCl Gelucire® 50/13 General pharmacology hot melt filling Medical sciences Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry Pharmacology. Drug treatments semisolid matrix Solubility stearic acid sustained-release Verapamil - administration & dosage Verapamil - chemistry verapamil HCl |
| title | Formulation of Sustained-Release Verapamil HCl and Diltiazem HCl Semisolid Matrix Capsules |
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