Insertion of expandable metallic stents in esophageal cancer without fluoroscopy is safe and effective: a 5-year experience

Background Self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) placement is an important method of dysphagia palliation for patients with inoperable esophageal cancer. In most institutions, it is performed with fluoroscopic guidance; however, in 2001, we described a novel, direct-vision approach to SEMS placement,...

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