Modeling Inspiratory and Expiratory Steady-State Velocity Fields in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Nasal Cavity
Distribution patterns of odorant molecules in the rat nasal olfactory region depend in large part on the detailed airflow patterns in the nasal cavity, which in turn depend on the anatomical structure. To investigate these flow patterns, we constructed an anatomically accurate finite element model o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Chemical senses 2007-03, Vol.32 (3), p.215-223 |
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| creator | Yang, Geoffrey C. Scherer, Peter W. Mozell, Maxwell M. |
| description | Distribution patterns of odorant molecules in the rat nasal olfactory region depend in large part on the detailed airflow patterns in the nasal cavity, which in turn depend on the anatomical structure. To investigate these flow patterns, we constructed an anatomically accurate finite element model of the right nasal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rat based on horizontal (anterior–posterior) nasal cast cross sections. By numerically solving the fluid mechanical momentum and continuity equations using the finite element method, we studied the flow distribution and the complete velocity field for both inspiration and expiration throughout the nasal cavity under physiological flow rates of resting breathing and sniffing. Detailed velocity profiles, volumetric flow distributions, and streamline patterns for quasi-steady airflow are presented. S-shaped streamlines passing through the olfactory region are found to be less prevalent during expiratory than inspiratory flow leading to trapping and an increase in odorant molecule retention in the olfactory region during sniffing. The rat nasal velocity calculations will be used to study the distribution of odorant uptake onto the rat olfactory mucosa and compare it with the known anatomic location of some types of rat olfactory receptors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/chemse/bjl047 |
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To investigate these flow patterns, we constructed an anatomically accurate finite element model of the right nasal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rat based on horizontal (anterior–posterior) nasal cast cross sections. By numerically solving the fluid mechanical momentum and continuity equations using the finite element method, we studied the flow distribution and the complete velocity field for both inspiration and expiration throughout the nasal cavity under physiological flow rates of resting breathing and sniffing. Detailed velocity profiles, volumetric flow distributions, and streamline patterns for quasi-steady airflow are presented. S-shaped streamlines passing through the olfactory region are found to be less prevalent during expiratory than inspiratory flow leading to trapping and an increase in odorant molecule retention in the olfactory region during sniffing. The rat nasal velocity calculations will be used to study the distribution of odorant uptake onto the rat olfactory mucosa and compare it with the known anatomic location of some types of rat olfactory receptors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-864X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-3553</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjl047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17220519</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CHSED8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Finite Element Analysis ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Male ; Models, Biological ; nasal airflow ; Nasal Cavity - physiology ; Olfaction. Taste ; olfactory mucosa ; Olfactory Mucosa - physiology ; Perception ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Function Tests - methods ; Smell ; sniffing ; streamline</subject><ispartof>Chemical senses, 2007-03, Vol.32 (3), p.215-223</ispartof><rights>The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 2007</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press(England) Mar 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c05cd17b57a5378b97e8b8d68b8278811238e991a7478c04024ff3a62c2d4bd33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c05cd17b57a5378b97e8b8d68b8278811238e991a7478c04024ff3a62c2d4bd33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18691719$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17220519$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Geoffrey C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherer, Peter W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mozell, Maxwell M.</creatorcontrib><title>Modeling Inspiratory and Expiratory Steady-State Velocity Fields in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Nasal Cavity</title><title>Chemical senses</title><addtitle>Chem Senses</addtitle><description>Distribution patterns of odorant molecules in the rat nasal olfactory region depend in large part on the detailed airflow patterns in the nasal cavity, which in turn depend on the anatomical structure. To investigate these flow patterns, we constructed an anatomically accurate finite element model of the right nasal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rat based on horizontal (anterior–posterior) nasal cast cross sections. By numerically solving the fluid mechanical momentum and continuity equations using the finite element method, we studied the flow distribution and the complete velocity field for both inspiration and expiration throughout the nasal cavity under physiological flow rates of resting breathing and sniffing. Detailed velocity profiles, volumetric flow distributions, and streamline patterns for quasi-steady airflow are presented. S-shaped streamlines passing through the olfactory region are found to be less prevalent during expiratory than inspiratory flow leading to trapping and an increase in odorant molecule retention in the olfactory region during sniffing. The rat nasal velocity calculations will be used to study the distribution of odorant uptake onto the rat olfactory mucosa and compare it with the known anatomic location of some types of rat olfactory receptors.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Finite Element Analysis</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>nasal airflow</subject><subject>Nasal Cavity - physiology</subject><subject>Olfaction. Taste</subject><subject>olfactory mucosa</subject><subject>Olfactory Mucosa - physiology</subject><subject>Perception</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Respiratory Function Tests - methods</subject><subject>Smell</subject><subject>sniffing</subject><subject>streamline</subject><issn>0379-864X</issn><issn>1464-3553</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0Utv1DAUBlALgehQWLJFFhKITagdx68lGlpaqYA0w6OajXXjeKYZPEmwHWj-PYFErcSmG19ZOroPfQg9p-QtJZqd2Gt3iO6k3HtSyAdoQQtRZIxz9hAtCJM6U6K4OkJPYtwTQguWq8foiMo8J5zqBdp9bCvn62aHL5rY1QFSGwYMTYVPb26_6-SgGrJ1guTwN-dbW6cBn9XOVxHXDU7XDq-7ALveZe_ht3cDXkHCnyCCx0v4Neqn6NEWfHTP5nqMvp6dflmeZ5efP1ws311mtlA6ZZZwW1FZcgmcSVVq6VSpKjE-uVSK0pwppzUFWUhlSUHyYrtlIHKbV0VZMXaMXk99u9D-7F1M5lBH67yHxrV9NJIwISSV90KqBddc8BG-_A_u2z404xGj0bnQXNERZROyoY0xuK3pQn2AMBhKzN-czJSTmXIa_Yu5aV8eXHWn52BG8GoGEC34bYDG1vHOKaGp_OfeTK7tu3tnzjvWMbmbWwzhhxGSSW7Orzbmu1xtyIqvzIb9AfjbuV0</recordid><startdate>20070301</startdate><enddate>20070301</enddate><creator>Yang, Geoffrey C.</creator><creator>Scherer, Peter W.</creator><creator>Mozell, Maxwell M.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070301</creationdate><title>Modeling Inspiratory and Expiratory Steady-State Velocity Fields in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Nasal Cavity</title><author>Yang, Geoffrey C. ; Scherer, Peter W. ; Mozell, Maxwell M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c489t-c05cd17b57a5378b97e8b8d68b8278811238e991a7478c04024ff3a62c2d4bd33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Finite Element Analysis</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>nasal airflow</topic><topic>Nasal Cavity - physiology</topic><topic>Olfaction. Taste</topic><topic>olfactory mucosa</topic><topic>Olfactory Mucosa - physiology</topic><topic>Perception</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Respiratory Function Tests - methods</topic><topic>Smell</topic><topic>sniffing</topic><topic>streamline</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Geoffrey C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scherer, Peter W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mozell, Maxwell M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chemical senses</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Geoffrey C.</au><au>Scherer, Peter W.</au><au>Mozell, Maxwell M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Modeling Inspiratory and Expiratory Steady-State Velocity Fields in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Nasal Cavity</atitle><jtitle>Chemical senses</jtitle><addtitle>Chem Senses</addtitle><date>2007-03-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>215</spage><epage>223</epage><pages>215-223</pages><issn>0379-864X</issn><eissn>1464-3553</eissn><coden>CHSED8</coden><abstract>Distribution patterns of odorant molecules in the rat nasal olfactory region depend in large part on the detailed airflow patterns in the nasal cavity, which in turn depend on the anatomical structure. To investigate these flow patterns, we constructed an anatomically accurate finite element model of the right nasal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rat based on horizontal (anterior–posterior) nasal cast cross sections. By numerically solving the fluid mechanical momentum and continuity equations using the finite element method, we studied the flow distribution and the complete velocity field for both inspiration and expiration throughout the nasal cavity under physiological flow rates of resting breathing and sniffing. Detailed velocity profiles, volumetric flow distributions, and streamline patterns for quasi-steady airflow are presented. S-shaped streamlines passing through the olfactory region are found to be less prevalent during expiratory than inspiratory flow leading to trapping and an increase in odorant molecule retention in the olfactory region during sniffing. The rat nasal velocity calculations will be used to study the distribution of odorant uptake onto the rat olfactory mucosa and compare it with the known anatomic location of some types of rat olfactory receptors.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>17220519</pmid><doi>10.1093/chemse/bjl047</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Biological and medical sciences Finite Element Analysis Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Models, Biological nasal airflow Nasal Cavity - physiology Olfaction. Taste olfactory mucosa Olfactory Mucosa - physiology Perception Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Respiratory Function Tests - methods Smell sniffing streamline |
| title | Modeling Inspiratory and Expiratory Steady-State Velocity Fields in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Nasal Cavity |
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