The effect of dietary carbohydrate on genes for fatty acid synthase and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissues from lean and obese subjects
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is markedly stimulated in humans by low-fat diets enriched in simple sugars. However, the dietary responsiveness of the key enzyme controlling DNL in human adipose tissue, fatty acid synthase (FAS), is uncertain. Adipose tissue mRNA for FAS is increased in lean and...
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| creator | Hudgins, Lisa C. Baday, Aline Hellerstein, Marc K. Parker, Thomas S. Levine, Daniel M. Seidman, Cynthia E. Neese, Richard A. Tremaroli, Jolanta D. Hirsch, Jules |
| description | Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is markedly stimulated in humans by low-fat diets enriched in simple sugars. However, the dietary responsiveness of the key enzyme controlling DNL in human adipose tissue, fatty acid synthase (FAS), is uncertain.
Adipose tissue mRNA for FAS is increased in lean and obese subjects when hepatic DNL is elevated by a eucaloric, low-fat, high-sugar diet.
Twelve lean and seven obese volunteers were given two eucaloric diets (10% vs. 30% fat; 75% vs. 55% carbohydrate; sugar/starch 60/40) each for 2 weeks by a random-order cross-over design. FAS mRNA in abdominal and gluteal adipose tissues was compared to hepatic DNL measured in serum by isotopic and nonisotopic methods. Adipose tissue mRNA for tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines that modulate DNL, was also assayed.
The low-fat high-sugar diet induced a 4-fold increase in maximum hepatic DNL (
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.013 |
| format | Article |
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Adipose tissue mRNA for FAS is increased in lean and obese subjects when hepatic DNL is elevated by a eucaloric, low-fat, high-sugar diet.
Twelve lean and seven obese volunteers were given two eucaloric diets (10% vs. 30% fat; 75% vs. 55% carbohydrate; sugar/starch 60/40) each for 2 weeks by a random-order cross-over design. FAS mRNA in abdominal and gluteal adipose tissues was compared to hepatic DNL measured in serum by isotopic and nonisotopic methods. Adipose tissue mRNA for tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines that modulate DNL, was also assayed.
The low-fat high-sugar diet induced a 4-fold increase in maximum hepatic DNL (
P<.001) but only a 1.3-fold increase in adipose tissue FAS mRNA (
P=.029) and no change in cytokine mRNA. There was a borderline significant positive correlation between changes in FAS mRNA and hepatic DNL (
P=.039). Compared to lean subjects, obese subjects had lower levels of FAS mRNA and higher levels of cytokine mRNA (
P<.001).
The results suggest that key elements of human adipose tissue DNL are less responsive to dietary carbohydrate than is hepatic DNL and may be regulated by diet-independent factors. Irrespective of diet, there is reduced expression of the
FAS gene and increased expression of cytokine genes in adipose tissues of obese subjects.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0955-2863</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4847</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.013</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17618104</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>adipose tissue ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; adults ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; body weight ; Body Weight - drug effects ; carbohydrate intake ; cytokines ; Cytokines - genetics ; Cytokines - metabolism ; de novo lipogenesis ; diet ; dietary carbohydrate ; Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology ; dietary fat ; experimental diets ; fat intake ; Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics ; Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism ; fatty-acid synthase ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene expression ; high sugar diet ; human nutrition ; Humans ; inflammation ; Inflammation - metabolism ; Insulin - metabolism ; interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-6 - genetics ; Interleukin-6 - metabolism ; lean adults ; Lipogenesis ; Lipogenesis - genetics ; liver ; low fat diet ; Male ; messenger RNA ; MIDA ; obesity ; Obesity - metabolism ; Palmitic acid ; sugars ; Thinness - genetics ; Thinness - metabolism ; Triacylglycerol ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; VLDL</subject><ispartof>The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2008-04, Vol.19 (4), p.237-245</ispartof><rights>2008 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-3616971d92f2fff9d4071a9c3b8462e66077cc2a2ee80b9525e9bade3646c1eb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-3616971d92f2fff9d4071a9c3b8462e66077cc2a2ee80b9525e9bade3646c1eb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955286307000836$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20453157$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17618104$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hudgins, Lisa C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baday, Aline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hellerstein, Marc K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Thomas S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levine, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Cynthia E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neese, Richard A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tremaroli, Jolanta D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirsch, Jules</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of dietary carbohydrate on genes for fatty acid synthase and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissues from lean and obese subjects</title><title>The Journal of nutritional biochemistry</title><addtitle>J Nutr Biochem</addtitle><description>Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is markedly stimulated in humans by low-fat diets enriched in simple sugars. However, the dietary responsiveness of the key enzyme controlling DNL in human adipose tissue, fatty acid synthase (FAS), is uncertain.
Adipose tissue mRNA for FAS is increased in lean and obese subjects when hepatic DNL is elevated by a eucaloric, low-fat, high-sugar diet.
Twelve lean and seven obese volunteers were given two eucaloric diets (10% vs. 30% fat; 75% vs. 55% carbohydrate; sugar/starch 60/40) each for 2 weeks by a random-order cross-over design. FAS mRNA in abdominal and gluteal adipose tissues was compared to hepatic DNL measured in serum by isotopic and nonisotopic methods. Adipose tissue mRNA for tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines that modulate DNL, was also assayed.
The low-fat high-sugar diet induced a 4-fold increase in maximum hepatic DNL (
P<.001) but only a 1.3-fold increase in adipose tissue FAS mRNA (
P=.029) and no change in cytokine mRNA. There was a borderline significant positive correlation between changes in FAS mRNA and hepatic DNL (
P=.039). Compared to lean subjects, obese subjects had lower levels of FAS mRNA and higher levels of cytokine mRNA (
P<.001).
The results suggest that key elements of human adipose tissue DNL are less responsive to dietary carbohydrate than is hepatic DNL and may be regulated by diet-independent factors. Irrespective of diet, there is reduced expression of the
FAS gene and increased expression of cytokine genes in adipose tissues of obese subjects.</description><subject>adipose tissue</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</subject><subject>adults</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>body weight</subject><subject>Body Weight - drug effects</subject><subject>carbohydrate intake</subject><subject>cytokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - genetics</subject><subject>Cytokines - metabolism</subject><subject>de novo lipogenesis</subject><subject>diet</subject><subject>dietary carbohydrate</subject><subject>Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology</subject><subject>dietary fat</subject><subject>experimental diets</subject><subject>fat intake</subject><subject>Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics</subject><subject>Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism</subject><subject>fatty-acid synthase</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>high sugar diet</subject><subject>human nutrition</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>Insulin - metabolism</subject><subject>interleukin-6</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - genetics</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - metabolism</subject><subject>lean adults</subject><subject>Lipogenesis</subject><subject>Lipogenesis - genetics</subject><subject>liver</subject><subject>low fat diet</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>messenger RNA</subject><subject>MIDA</subject><subject>obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Palmitic acid</subject><subject>sugars</subject><subject>Thinness - genetics</subject><subject>Thinness - metabolism</subject><subject>Triacylglycerol</subject><subject>tumor necrosis factor-alpha</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>VLDL</subject><issn>0955-2863</issn><issn>1873-4847</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9vEzEQxVcIRNPCRwB8obeEsddr755QVfFPqsSB9mx57XHjsGsH24uUL8FnxiERHDnNYX5v5um9pnlFYUOBine7zS4sZfRxwwDkBtgGaPukWdFetmvec_m0WcHQdWvWi_aiucx5BwCMd-J5c0GloD0Fvmp-3W-RoHNoComOWI9FpwMxOo1xe7BJFyQxkEcMmImLiThdyoFo4y3Jh1C2OiPRwRIf3KTnWZd4lB9K_O6PEh-Itn4fK1V8zsvxSoozmVCHP7o4Yt3lZdxVC_lF88zpKePL87xqHj5-uL_9vL77-unL7c3d2nDBy7oVVAyS2oE55pwbLAdJ9WDaseeCoRAgpTFMM8QexqFjHQ6jttgKLgzFsb1qrk939yn-qKaKmn02OE06YFyyktAKBkNbwe4EmhRzTujUPvm5RqQoqGMRaqfORahjEQqYqkVU3evzg2Wc0f5TnZOvwNszoLPRk0s6GJ__cgx419JOVu7NiXM6Kv2YKvPwjdUXAL2kvIdKvD8RWAP76TGpbDwGg9anmqmy0f_H7G-qgrVt</recordid><startdate>20080401</startdate><enddate>20080401</enddate><creator>Hudgins, Lisa C.</creator><creator>Baday, Aline</creator><creator>Hellerstein, Marc K.</creator><creator>Parker, Thomas S.</creator><creator>Levine, Daniel M.</creator><creator>Seidman, Cynthia E.</creator><creator>Neese, Richard A.</creator><creator>Tremaroli, Jolanta D.</creator><creator>Hirsch, Jules</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080401</creationdate><title>The effect of dietary carbohydrate on genes for fatty acid synthase and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissues from lean and obese subjects</title><author>Hudgins, Lisa C. ; Baday, Aline ; Hellerstein, Marc K. ; Parker, Thomas S. ; Levine, Daniel M. ; Seidman, Cynthia E. ; Neese, Richard A. ; Tremaroli, Jolanta D. ; Hirsch, Jules</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c464t-3616971d92f2fff9d4071a9c3b8462e66077cc2a2ee80b9525e9bade3646c1eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>adipose tissue</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</topic><topic>adults</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>body weight</topic><topic>Body Weight - drug effects</topic><topic>carbohydrate intake</topic><topic>cytokines</topic><topic>Cytokines - genetics</topic><topic>Cytokines - metabolism</topic><topic>de novo lipogenesis</topic><topic>diet</topic><topic>dietary carbohydrate</topic><topic>Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology</topic><topic>dietary fat</topic><topic>experimental diets</topic><topic>fat intake</topic><topic>Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics</topic><topic>Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism</topic><topic>fatty-acid synthase</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>high sugar diet</topic><topic>human nutrition</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - metabolism</topic><topic>Insulin - metabolism</topic><topic>interleukin-6</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - genetics</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - metabolism</topic><topic>lean adults</topic><topic>Lipogenesis</topic><topic>Lipogenesis - genetics</topic><topic>liver</topic><topic>low fat diet</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>messenger RNA</topic><topic>MIDA</topic><topic>obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Palmitic acid</topic><topic>sugars</topic><topic>Thinness - genetics</topic><topic>Thinness - metabolism</topic><topic>Triacylglycerol</topic><topic>tumor necrosis factor-alpha</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>VLDL</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hudgins, Lisa C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baday, Aline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hellerstein, Marc K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Thomas S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levine, Daniel M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Cynthia E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neese, Richard A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tremaroli, Jolanta D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirsch, Jules</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of nutritional biochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hudgins, Lisa C.</au><au>Baday, Aline</au><au>Hellerstein, Marc K.</au><au>Parker, Thomas S.</au><au>Levine, Daniel M.</au><au>Seidman, Cynthia E.</au><au>Neese, Richard A.</au><au>Tremaroli, Jolanta D.</au><au>Hirsch, Jules</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of dietary carbohydrate on genes for fatty acid synthase and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissues from lean and obese subjects</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of nutritional biochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J Nutr Biochem</addtitle><date>2008-04-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>237</spage><epage>245</epage><pages>237-245</pages><issn>0955-2863</issn><eissn>1873-4847</eissn><abstract>Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is markedly stimulated in humans by low-fat diets enriched in simple sugars. However, the dietary responsiveness of the key enzyme controlling DNL in human adipose tissue, fatty acid synthase (FAS), is uncertain.
Adipose tissue mRNA for FAS is increased in lean and obese subjects when hepatic DNL is elevated by a eucaloric, low-fat, high-sugar diet.
Twelve lean and seven obese volunteers were given two eucaloric diets (10% vs. 30% fat; 75% vs. 55% carbohydrate; sugar/starch 60/40) each for 2 weeks by a random-order cross-over design. FAS mRNA in abdominal and gluteal adipose tissues was compared to hepatic DNL measured in serum by isotopic and nonisotopic methods. Adipose tissue mRNA for tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, which are inflammatory cytokines that modulate DNL, was also assayed.
The low-fat high-sugar diet induced a 4-fold increase in maximum hepatic DNL (
P<.001) but only a 1.3-fold increase in adipose tissue FAS mRNA (
P=.029) and no change in cytokine mRNA. There was a borderline significant positive correlation between changes in FAS mRNA and hepatic DNL (
P=.039). Compared to lean subjects, obese subjects had lower levels of FAS mRNA and higher levels of cytokine mRNA (
P<.001).
The results suggest that key elements of human adipose tissue DNL are less responsive to dietary carbohydrate than is hepatic DNL and may be regulated by diet-independent factors. Irrespective of diet, there is reduced expression of the
FAS gene and increased expression of cytokine genes in adipose tissues of obese subjects.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>17618104</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.013</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2008-04, Vol.19 (4), p.237-245 |
| issn | 0955-2863 1873-4847 |
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| subjects | adipose tissue Adipose Tissue - metabolism adults Biological and medical sciences Blood Glucose - metabolism body weight Body Weight - drug effects carbohydrate intake cytokines Cytokines - genetics Cytokines - metabolism de novo lipogenesis diet dietary carbohydrate Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology dietary fat experimental diets fat intake Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism fatty-acid synthase Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene expression high sugar diet human nutrition Humans inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Insulin - metabolism interleukin-6 Interleukin-6 - genetics Interleukin-6 - metabolism lean adults Lipogenesis Lipogenesis - genetics liver low fat diet Male messenger RNA MIDA obesity Obesity - metabolism Palmitic acid sugars Thinness - genetics Thinness - metabolism Triacylglycerol tumor necrosis factor-alpha Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems VLDL |
| title | The effect of dietary carbohydrate on genes for fatty acid synthase and inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissues from lean and obese subjects |
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