The number of regulatory T cells in prostate cancer is associated with the androgen receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha but not HIF-1alpha
Regulatory T cells (T(R)) mediate peripheral immunological tolerance and are implicated in tumor progression. Because prostate cancer is being investigated for treatment by immunotherapy, we have assessed tumor T(R) in prostate cancers. T(R) cells were identified by FOXP3 in tissue microarrays (TMAs...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Prostate 2007-05, Vol.67 (6), p.623-629 |
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| container_title | The Prostate |
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| creator | Fox, Stephen B Launchbury, Rosalind Bates, Gaynor J Han, Cheng Shaida, Nadeem Malone, Peter R Harris, Adrian L Banham, Alison H |
| description | Regulatory T cells (T(R)) mediate peripheral immunological tolerance and are implicated in tumor progression. Because prostate cancer is being investigated for treatment by immunotherapy, we have assessed tumor T(R) in prostate cancers.
T(R) cells were identified by FOXP3 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 146 radical prostatectomies and correlated with clinicopathological tumor parameters and prostatic specific antigen rise (PSA).
Twenty of 146 tumors contained no T(R). The mean of the average for the remaining 146 patients was 7.24. There was a significant correlation between T(R) and androgen receptor (P=0.003) and with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (P=0.007) but not HIF-1alpha (P=0.25). There was no significant correlation between T(R) numbers and stage, capsular invasion, urethral margins, vascular invasion, Gleason score, pre-operative PSA, or time to PSA recurrence (all P>0.05).
T(R) in prostate tumors shows significant heterogeneity and may be the result of hormonal and hypoxic signaling. Targeting these may reduce T(R) in tumors allowing more successful immune therapies. |
| format | Article |
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T(R) cells were identified by FOXP3 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 146 radical prostatectomies and correlated with clinicopathological tumor parameters and prostatic specific antigen rise (PSA).
Twenty of 146 tumors contained no T(R). The mean of the average for the remaining 146 patients was 7.24. There was a significant correlation between T(R) and androgen receptor (P=0.003) and with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (P=0.007) but not HIF-1alpha (P=0.25). There was no significant correlation between T(R) numbers and stage, capsular invasion, urethral margins, vascular invasion, Gleason score, pre-operative PSA, or time to PSA recurrence (all P>0.05).
T(R) in prostate tumors shows significant heterogeneity and may be the result of hormonal and hypoxic signaling. Targeting these may reduce T(R) in tumors allowing more successful immune therapies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0270-4137</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17328069</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - immunology ; Adenocarcinoma - metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma - pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism ; Cell Count ; Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prostate - metabolism ; Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms - immunology ; Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology ; Receptors, Androgen - metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology ; Tissue Array Analysis ; Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><ispartof>The Prostate, 2007-05, Vol.67 (6), p.623-629</ispartof><rights>(c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17328069$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fox, Stephen B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Launchbury, Rosalind</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bates, Gaynor J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaida, Nadeem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malone, Peter R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Adrian L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banham, Alison H</creatorcontrib><title>The number of regulatory T cells in prostate cancer is associated with the androgen receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha but not HIF-1alpha</title><title>The Prostate</title><addtitle>Prostate</addtitle><description>Regulatory T cells (T(R)) mediate peripheral immunological tolerance and are implicated in tumor progression. Because prostate cancer is being investigated for treatment by immunotherapy, we have assessed tumor T(R) in prostate cancers.
T(R) cells were identified by FOXP3 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 146 radical prostatectomies and correlated with clinicopathological tumor parameters and prostatic specific antigen rise (PSA).
Twenty of 146 tumors contained no T(R). The mean of the average for the remaining 146 patients was 7.24. There was a significant correlation between T(R) and androgen receptor (P=0.003) and with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (P=0.007) but not HIF-1alpha (P=0.25). There was no significant correlation between T(R) numbers and stage, capsular invasion, urethral margins, vascular invasion, Gleason score, pre-operative PSA, or time to PSA recurrence (all P>0.05).
T(R) in prostate tumors shows significant heterogeneity and may be the result of hormonal and hypoxic signaling. Targeting these may reduce T(R) in tumors allowing more successful immune therapies.</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - immunology</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - pathology</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</subject><subject>Cell Count</subject><subject>Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local</subject><subject>Prostate - metabolism</subject><subject>Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - immunology</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology</subject><subject>Tissue Array Analysis</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><issn>0270-4137</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo1kEFOwzAQRbMA0VK4AvIKwSKSnThxvUQVpZUqsaD7aGJPGqPEDrEj6FG4LS6U1Ujvfz3pz0Uyp5mgKWe5mCXX3r9Tyiil2VUyYyLPlrSU8-R73yKxU1_jSFxDRjxMHQQ3HsmeKOw6T4wlw-h8gIBEgVWxaDwB750ykWnyaUJLQtSA1aM7oI0WhUOUnAhpj4P7MpAaqydl6g5JA-oUPmy268c0g25ogdRTINYFElnKftFNctlA5_H2fBfJ2_p5v9qku9eX7epplw4Fl6nSqBWPQ0vKsEGoBadFUYNggoIALWUjoYwgXxYSl6zUSDmHhivJJch8kdz_WePGjwl9qHrjT8PBopt8JWjOyiIvY_HuXJzqHnU1jKaH8Vj9vzL_AQMDcKw</recordid><startdate>20070501</startdate><enddate>20070501</enddate><creator>Fox, Stephen B</creator><creator>Launchbury, Rosalind</creator><creator>Bates, Gaynor J</creator><creator>Han, Cheng</creator><creator>Shaida, Nadeem</creator><creator>Malone, Peter R</creator><creator>Harris, Adrian L</creator><creator>Banham, Alison H</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070501</creationdate><title>The number of regulatory T cells in prostate cancer is associated with the androgen receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha but not HIF-1alpha</title><author>Fox, Stephen B ; Launchbury, Rosalind ; Bates, Gaynor J ; Han, Cheng ; Shaida, Nadeem ; Malone, Peter R ; Harris, Adrian L ; Banham, Alison H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p549-cdedc4027601efeab74055ba7170a7ad99f9a65ba3859e816de044af4c949a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adenocarcinoma - immunology</topic><topic>Adenocarcinoma - metabolism</topic><topic>Adenocarcinoma - pathology</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</topic><topic>Cell Count</topic><topic>Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local</topic><topic>Prostate - metabolism</topic><topic>Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - immunology</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Receptors, Androgen - metabolism</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology</topic><topic>Tissue Array Analysis</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fox, Stephen B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Launchbury, Rosalind</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bates, Gaynor J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaida, Nadeem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malone, Peter R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Adrian L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banham, Alison H</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Prostate</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fox, Stephen B</au><au>Launchbury, Rosalind</au><au>Bates, Gaynor J</au><au>Han, Cheng</au><au>Shaida, Nadeem</au><au>Malone, Peter R</au><au>Harris, Adrian L</au><au>Banham, Alison H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The number of regulatory T cells in prostate cancer is associated with the androgen receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha but not HIF-1alpha</atitle><jtitle>The Prostate</jtitle><addtitle>Prostate</addtitle><date>2007-05-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>67</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>623</spage><epage>629</epage><pages>623-629</pages><issn>0270-4137</issn><abstract>Regulatory T cells (T(R)) mediate peripheral immunological tolerance and are implicated in tumor progression. Because prostate cancer is being investigated for treatment by immunotherapy, we have assessed tumor T(R) in prostate cancers.
T(R) cells were identified by FOXP3 in tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 146 radical prostatectomies and correlated with clinicopathological tumor parameters and prostatic specific antigen rise (PSA).
Twenty of 146 tumors contained no T(R). The mean of the average for the remaining 146 patients was 7.24. There was a significant correlation between T(R) and androgen receptor (P=0.003) and with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (P=0.007) but not HIF-1alpha (P=0.25). There was no significant correlation between T(R) numbers and stage, capsular invasion, urethral margins, vascular invasion, Gleason score, pre-operative PSA, or time to PSA recurrence (all P>0.05).
T(R) in prostate tumors shows significant heterogeneity and may be the result of hormonal and hypoxic signaling. Targeting these may reduce T(R) in tumors allowing more successful immune therapies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>17328069</pmid><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adenocarcinoma - immunology Adenocarcinoma - metabolism Adenocarcinoma - pathology Adult Aged Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism Cell Count Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism Humans Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit - metabolism Male Middle Aged Neoplasm Proteins - metabolism Neoplasm Recurrence, Local Prostate - metabolism Prostate-Specific Antigen - blood Prostatic Neoplasms - immunology Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism Prostatic Neoplasms - pathology Receptors, Androgen - metabolism Retrospective Studies T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology Tissue Array Analysis Transcription Factors - metabolism |
| title | The number of regulatory T cells in prostate cancer is associated with the androgen receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha but not HIF-1alpha |
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