Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with favorable long-term outcome. There is no data on the analysis of recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival outcome after RFA in HCC patients. Aim of Study To evalu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of gastrointestinal surgery 2008, Vol.12 (1), p.183-191 |
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| creator | Ng, Kelvin K. Poon, Ronnie T. Lo, Chung-Mau Yuen, Jimmy Tso, Wai Kuen Fan, Sheung-Tat |
| description | Background
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with favorable long-term outcome. There is no data on the analysis of recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival outcome after RFA in HCC patients.
Aim of Study
To evaluate the tumor recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival in patients with HCC treated with RFA.
Patients and Methods
From April 2001 to January 2005, 209 patients received RFA using internally cooled electrode as the sole treatment modality for HCC. Among them, 117 patients (56%) had unresectable HCC because of bilobar disease, poor liver function, and/or high medical risk for resection; whereas 92 patients (44%) underwent RFA as the primary treatment for small resectable HCC. The ablation procedure was performed through percutaneous (
n
= 101), laparoscopic (
n
= 17), or open approaches (
n
= 91). The tumor recurrence pattern and long-term survival were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent prognostic factors affecting the overall survival of patients.
Results
The mortality and morbidity rates were 0.9 and 15.7%, respectively. Complete tumor ablation was achieved in 192 patients (92.7%). With a median follow-up period of 26 months, local recurrence occurred in 28 patients (14.5%). Same segment and different segment intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 30 patients (15.6%) and 78 patients (40.6%), respectively. Twenty patients (10.4%) developed distant extrahepatic metastases. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 87.2, 66.6, and 42%, respectively. Different segment intrahepatic recurrence and distant recurrence after RFA carried significant poor prognostic influence on overall survival outcome. Using multivariate analysis, Child–Pugh grade (risk ratio [RR] = 2.918, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.704–4.998,
p
= 0.000), tumor size (RR = 1.231, 95% CI 1.031–1.469,
p
= 0.021), and pattern of recurrence (risk ratio [RR] = 1.464, 95% CI 1.156–1.987,
P
= 0.020) were identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Conclusion
The tumor recurrence pattern after RFA carries significant prognostic value in relation to overall survival. Long-term regular surveillance and aggressive treatment strategy are required for patients with different segment intrahepatic recurrence to optimize the benefits of RFA. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11605-007-0276-y |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_70211351</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>70211351</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-f3cc5fae3b816e3cb37169633d511f1c6f603daf052b31ed7b2908c570d0f0943</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU9r3DAQxUVJaf40H6CXIAjk5nRGWkve47K0yUIgIUkhNyHLUnCwpa1kB3zpZ4-cXWgo9KQH83tPwzxCviFcIoD8nhAFlEWWBTApiukTOcJK8mIhmDjIGpZYsLJ8OiTHKb0AoASsvpBDlJVcZMcR-bPyuptSm2hw9N6aMUbrjaV3ehhs9FT7hm6GRDfedeP7JHj6MMbX9lV39HYcTOgtXbkM03vdtMFF-3sGJ7qqOz20Gc_J13arh2Bs142djnSto2l96PVX8tnpLtnT_XtCfv388bi-Lm5urzbr1U1hFlwMhePGlE5bXlcoLDc1lyiWgvOmRHRohBPAG-2gZDVH28iaLaEypYQGHCwX_IRc7HK3MeT10qD6Ns3raG_DmJQEhshLzOD5P-BLGGO-UVKIyBgXUvJM4Y4yMaQUrVPb2PY6TgpBzdWoXTVqlnM1asqes33yWPe2-evYd5EBtgNSHvlnGz98_d_UN05NmxM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1112236773</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Ng, Kelvin K. ; Poon, Ronnie T. ; Lo, Chung-Mau ; Yuen, Jimmy ; Tso, Wai Kuen ; Fan, Sheung-Tat</creator><creatorcontrib>Ng, Kelvin K. ; Poon, Ronnie T. ; Lo, Chung-Mau ; Yuen, Jimmy ; Tso, Wai Kuen ; Fan, Sheung-Tat</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with favorable long-term outcome. There is no data on the analysis of recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival outcome after RFA in HCC patients.
Aim of Study
To evaluate the tumor recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival in patients with HCC treated with RFA.
Patients and Methods
From April 2001 to January 2005, 209 patients received RFA using internally cooled electrode as the sole treatment modality for HCC. Among them, 117 patients (56%) had unresectable HCC because of bilobar disease, poor liver function, and/or high medical risk for resection; whereas 92 patients (44%) underwent RFA as the primary treatment for small resectable HCC. The ablation procedure was performed through percutaneous (
n
= 101), laparoscopic (
n
= 17), or open approaches (
n
= 91). The tumor recurrence pattern and long-term survival were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent prognostic factors affecting the overall survival of patients.
Results
The mortality and morbidity rates were 0.9 and 15.7%, respectively. Complete tumor ablation was achieved in 192 patients (92.7%). With a median follow-up period of 26 months, local recurrence occurred in 28 patients (14.5%). Same segment and different segment intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 30 patients (15.6%) and 78 patients (40.6%), respectively. Twenty patients (10.4%) developed distant extrahepatic metastases. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 87.2, 66.6, and 42%, respectively. Different segment intrahepatic recurrence and distant recurrence after RFA carried significant poor prognostic influence on overall survival outcome. Using multivariate analysis, Child–Pugh grade (risk ratio [RR] = 2.918, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.704–4.998,
p
= 0.000), tumor size (RR = 1.231, 95% CI 1.031–1.469,
p
= 0.021), and pattern of recurrence (risk ratio [RR] = 1.464, 95% CI 1.156–1.987,
P
= 0.020) were identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Conclusion
The tumor recurrence pattern after RFA carries significant prognostic value in relation to overall survival. Long-term regular surveillance and aggressive treatment strategy are required for patients with different segment intrahepatic recurrence to optimize the benefits of RFA.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1091-255X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4626</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11605-007-0276-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17874276</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Cancer ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - mortality ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - surgery ; Catheter Ablation - methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastroenterology ; Hong Kong - epidemiology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy - methods ; Liver cancer ; Liver Neoplasms - mortality ; Liver Neoplasms - pathology ; Liver Neoplasms - surgery ; Male ; Medical treatment ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity - trends ; Multivariate analysis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery ; Survival Rate - trends ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>Journal of gastrointestinal surgery, 2008, Vol.12 (1), p.183-191</ispartof><rights>The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract 2007</rights><rights>The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-f3cc5fae3b816e3cb37169633d511f1c6f603daf052b31ed7b2908c570d0f0943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-f3cc5fae3b816e3cb37169633d511f1c6f603daf052b31ed7b2908c570d0f0943</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11605-007-0276-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11605-007-0276-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,27933,27934,41497,42566,51328</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17874276$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ng, Kelvin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poon, Ronnie T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Chung-Mau</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuen, Jimmy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tso, Wai Kuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Sheung-Tat</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</title><title>Journal of gastrointestinal surgery</title><addtitle>J Gastrointest Surg</addtitle><addtitle>J Gastrointest Surg</addtitle><description>Background
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with favorable long-term outcome. There is no data on the analysis of recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival outcome after RFA in HCC patients.
Aim of Study
To evaluate the tumor recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival in patients with HCC treated with RFA.
Patients and Methods
From April 2001 to January 2005, 209 patients received RFA using internally cooled electrode as the sole treatment modality for HCC. Among them, 117 patients (56%) had unresectable HCC because of bilobar disease, poor liver function, and/or high medical risk for resection; whereas 92 patients (44%) underwent RFA as the primary treatment for small resectable HCC. The ablation procedure was performed through percutaneous (
n
= 101), laparoscopic (
n
= 17), or open approaches (
n
= 91). The tumor recurrence pattern and long-term survival were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent prognostic factors affecting the overall survival of patients.
Results
The mortality and morbidity rates were 0.9 and 15.7%, respectively. Complete tumor ablation was achieved in 192 patients (92.7%). With a median follow-up period of 26 months, local recurrence occurred in 28 patients (14.5%). Same segment and different segment intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 30 patients (15.6%) and 78 patients (40.6%), respectively. Twenty patients (10.4%) developed distant extrahepatic metastases. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 87.2, 66.6, and 42%, respectively. Different segment intrahepatic recurrence and distant recurrence after RFA carried significant poor prognostic influence on overall survival outcome. Using multivariate analysis, Child–Pugh grade (risk ratio [RR] = 2.918, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.704–4.998,
p
= 0.000), tumor size (RR = 1.231, 95% CI 1.031–1.469,
p
= 0.021), and pattern of recurrence (risk ratio [RR] = 1.464, 95% CI 1.156–1.987,
P
= 0.020) were identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Conclusion
The tumor recurrence pattern after RFA carries significant prognostic value in relation to overall survival. Long-term regular surveillance and aggressive treatment strategy are required for patients with different segment intrahepatic recurrence to optimize the benefits of RFA.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biopsy, Fine-Needle</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - surgery</subject><subject>Catheter Ablation - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gastroenterology</subject><subject>Hong Kong - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Laparoscopy - methods</subject><subject>Liver cancer</subject><subject>Liver Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Liver Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Liver Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Morbidity - trends</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Neoplasm Invasiveness</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Survival Rate - trends</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>1091-255X</issn><issn>1873-4626</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU9r3DAQxUVJaf40H6CXIAjk5nRGWkve47K0yUIgIUkhNyHLUnCwpa1kB3zpZ4-cXWgo9KQH83tPwzxCviFcIoD8nhAFlEWWBTApiukTOcJK8mIhmDjIGpZYsLJ8OiTHKb0AoASsvpBDlJVcZMcR-bPyuptSm2hw9N6aMUbrjaV3ehhs9FT7hm6GRDfedeP7JHj6MMbX9lV39HYcTOgtXbkM03vdtMFF-3sGJ7qqOz20Gc_J13arh2Bs142djnSto2l96PVX8tnpLtnT_XtCfv388bi-Lm5urzbr1U1hFlwMhePGlE5bXlcoLDc1lyiWgvOmRHRohBPAG-2gZDVH28iaLaEypYQGHCwX_IRc7HK3MeT10qD6Ns3raG_DmJQEhshLzOD5P-BLGGO-UVKIyBgXUvJM4Y4yMaQUrVPb2PY6TgpBzdWoXTVqlnM1asqes33yWPe2-evYd5EBtgNSHvlnGz98_d_UN05NmxM</recordid><startdate>2008</startdate><enddate>2008</enddate><creator>Ng, Kelvin K.</creator><creator>Poon, Ronnie T.</creator><creator>Lo, Chung-Mau</creator><creator>Yuen, Jimmy</creator><creator>Tso, Wai Kuen</creator><creator>Fan, Sheung-Tat</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2008</creationdate><title>Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</title><author>Ng, Kelvin K. ; Poon, Ronnie T. ; Lo, Chung-Mau ; Yuen, Jimmy ; Tso, Wai Kuen ; Fan, Sheung-Tat</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-f3cc5fae3b816e3cb37169633d511f1c6f603daf052b31ed7b2908c570d0f0943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biopsy, Fine-Needle</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - surgery</topic><topic>Catheter Ablation - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gastroenterology</topic><topic>Hong Kong - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Laparoscopy - methods</topic><topic>Liver cancer</topic><topic>Liver Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Liver Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Liver Neoplasms - surgery</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Morbidity - trends</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Neoplasm Invasiveness</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology</topic><topic>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Survival Rate - trends</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ng, Kelvin K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poon, Ronnie T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lo, Chung-Mau</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuen, Jimmy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tso, Wai Kuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Sheung-Tat</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of gastrointestinal surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ng, Kelvin K.</au><au>Poon, Ronnie T.</au><au>Lo, Chung-Mau</au><au>Yuen, Jimmy</au><au>Tso, Wai Kuen</au><au>Fan, Sheung-Tat</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Journal of gastrointestinal surgery</jtitle><stitle>J Gastrointest Surg</stitle><addtitle>J Gastrointest Surg</addtitle><date>2008</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>183</spage><epage>191</epage><pages>183-191</pages><issn>1091-255X</issn><eissn>1873-4626</eissn><abstract>Background
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with favorable long-term outcome. There is no data on the analysis of recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival outcome after RFA in HCC patients.
Aim of Study
To evaluate the tumor recurrence pattern and its influence on long-term survival in patients with HCC treated with RFA.
Patients and Methods
From April 2001 to January 2005, 209 patients received RFA using internally cooled electrode as the sole treatment modality for HCC. Among them, 117 patients (56%) had unresectable HCC because of bilobar disease, poor liver function, and/or high medical risk for resection; whereas 92 patients (44%) underwent RFA as the primary treatment for small resectable HCC. The ablation procedure was performed through percutaneous (
n
= 101), laparoscopic (
n
= 17), or open approaches (
n
= 91). The tumor recurrence pattern and long-term survival were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent prognostic factors affecting the overall survival of patients.
Results
The mortality and morbidity rates were 0.9 and 15.7%, respectively. Complete tumor ablation was achieved in 192 patients (92.7%). With a median follow-up period of 26 months, local recurrence occurred in 28 patients (14.5%). Same segment and different segment intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 30 patients (15.6%) and 78 patients (40.6%), respectively. Twenty patients (10.4%) developed distant extrahepatic metastases. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 87.2, 66.6, and 42%, respectively. Different segment intrahepatic recurrence and distant recurrence after RFA carried significant poor prognostic influence on overall survival outcome. Using multivariate analysis, Child–Pugh grade (risk ratio [RR] = 2.918, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.704–4.998,
p
= 0.000), tumor size (RR = 1.231, 95% CI 1.031–1.469,
p
= 0.021), and pattern of recurrence (risk ratio [RR] = 1.464, 95% CI 1.156–1.987,
P
= 0.020) were identified as independent prognostic factors for overall survival.
Conclusion
The tumor recurrence pattern after RFA carries significant prognostic value in relation to overall survival. Long-term regular surveillance and aggressive treatment strategy are required for patients with different segment intrahepatic recurrence to optimize the benefits of RFA.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>17874276</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11605-007-0276-y</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Journal of gastrointestinal surgery, 2008, Vol.12 (1), p.183-191 |
| issn | 1091-255X 1873-4626 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Biopsy, Fine-Needle Cancer Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - mortality Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - surgery Catheter Ablation - methods Female Follow-Up Studies Gastroenterology Hong Kong - epidemiology Humans Laparoscopy - methods Liver cancer Liver Neoplasms - mortality Liver Neoplasms - pathology Liver Neoplasms - surgery Male Medical treatment Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Morbidity - trends Multivariate analysis Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - pathology Retrospective Studies Surgery Survival Rate - trends Time Factors Treatment Outcome |
| title | Analysis of Recurrence Pattern and Its Influence on Survival Outcome After Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
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