Duplex ultrasound investigation of the veins in chronic venous disease of the lower limbs-UIP consensus document. Part I. Basic principles

Duplex ultrasound investigation has become the reference standard in assessing the morphology and haemodynamics of the lower limb veins. The project described in this paper was an initiative of the Union Internationale de Phlébologie (UIP). The aim was to obtain a consensus of international experts on the methodology to be used for assessment of veins in the lower limb by ultrasound imaging. The authors invited a group of experts from a wide range of countries to participate in this project. Electronic submissions from the experts were made available to all participants via the UIP website. The authors prepared a draft document for discussion at an UIP Chapter meeting held in San Diego, USA in August 2003. Following this meeting a revised manuscript was circulated to all participants and further comments were received by the authors and included in subsequent versions of the manuscript. Eventually all participants agreed the final version of the paper. The experts have made detailed recommendations concerning the methods to be used for duplex ultrasound examination as well as the interpretation of images and measurements obtained. This document suggests a methodology for complete assessment of the superficial and perforating veins of the lower limbs, including recommendations on reporting results and training of personnel involved in these investigations. The authors and a large group of experts have agreed a methodology for the investigation of the lower limbs venous system by duplex ultrasonography.