Modulation of skeletal muscle antioxidant defense by exercise: Role of redox signaling

Contraction-induced production of reactive oxygen species has been shown to cause oxidative stress to skeletal muscle. As an adaptive response, muscle antioxidant defense systems are upregulated in response to exercise. Nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase are two major oxidative-s...

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Veröffentlicht in:Free radical biology & medicine 2008-01, Vol.44 (2), p.142-152
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description Contraction-induced production of reactive oxygen species has been shown to cause oxidative stress to skeletal muscle. As an adaptive response, muscle antioxidant defense systems are upregulated in response to exercise. Nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase are two major oxidative-stress-sensitive signal transduction pathways that have been shown to activate the gene expression of a number of enzymes and proteins that play important roles in maintenance of intracellular oxidant–antioxidant homeostasis. This mini-review will discuss the main mechanisms and gene targets for these signaling pathways during exercise and the biological significance of the adaptation.
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subjects Adaptation, Physiological - genetics
Adaptation, Physiological - physiology
Aging - genetics
Aging - physiology
Animals
Antioxidant
Antioxidants - metabolism
Antioxidants - physiology
Cell Adhesion Molecules - genetics
Cell Adhesion Molecules - physiology
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics
Glutathione Peroxidase - physiology
Humans
Inflammation Mediators - metabolism
Inflammation Mediators - physiology
MAPK
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - genetics
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - physiology
Models, Biological
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
NF-kappa B - genetics
NF-kappa B - physiology
NFκB
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - genetics
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - physiology
Oxidation-Reduction
Physical Conditioning, Animal - physiology
Reactive oxygen species
Signal Transduction - genetics
Signal Transduction - physiology
Signaling
Superoxide Dismutase - genetics
Superoxide Dismutase - physiology
Transcription Factor AP-1 - genetics
Transcription Factor AP-1 - physiology
title Modulation of skeletal muscle antioxidant defense by exercise: Role of redox signaling
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