Incidence of port site recurrence after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for preoperatively unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma

Background: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site and the outcome of patients with such recurrences after exploratory laparoscopy/laparoscopic cholecystectomy for unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma and analyzed aspects of the laparoscopic procedure associate...

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Veröffentlicht in:Surgery 1998-11, Vol.124 (5), p.831-838
Hauptverfasser: Z'graggen, Kaspar, Birrer, Stefan, Maurer, Christoph A., Wehrli, Heinz, Klaiber, Christian, Baer, Hans U.
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container_end_page 838
container_issue 5
container_start_page 831
container_title Surgery
container_volume 124
creator Z'graggen, Kaspar
Birrer, Stefan
Maurer, Christoph A.
Wehrli, Heinz
Klaiber, Christian
Baer, Hans U.
description Background: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site and the outcome of patients with such recurrences after exploratory laparoscopy/laparoscopic cholecystectomy for unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma and analyzed aspects of the laparoscopic procedure associated with recurrences at the port site. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with preoperatively unknown adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder were analyzed. The patients were part of a large prospective study of the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery including 10,925 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder is rarely encountered in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (0.34%). The incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site in these patients is 14% (5 of 37) and is similar whether the primary tumor is confined to the gallbladder (T1/T2) or locally advanced (T3/T4). The recurrences at the port site were diagnosed within 6 to 16 months (median 10 months) after the operation. Patients with an intraoperative perforation of the gallbladder had a higher incidence of recurrences at the port site (40%) than had patients without perforation (9%; P = .13). All patients with recurrences at the port site had distant metastases and all died of the disease 12 to 35 months (median 19 months) after cholecystectomy; all patients with such recurrences and stage T1/T2 tumors subsequently had peritoneal metastases. Conclusions: Patients with a preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder undergoing laparoscopy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy have a high incidence of recurrences at the port site, and the incidence increases when a gallbladder perforation occurs during the operation. All patients with such recurrences died of the disease. The diagnosis of an isolated recurrence at the port site may therefore be an indicator of disseminated disease in most cases. (Surgery 1998;124:831-8.)
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0039-6060(98)70005-4
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Methods: Thirty-seven patients with preoperatively unknown adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder were analyzed. The patients were part of a large prospective study of the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery including 10,925 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder is rarely encountered in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (0.34%). The incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site in these patients is 14% (5 of 37) and is similar whether the primary tumor is confined to the gallbladder (T1/T2) or locally advanced (T3/T4). The recurrences at the port site were diagnosed within 6 to 16 months (median 10 months) after the operation. Patients with an intraoperative perforation of the gallbladder had a higher incidence of recurrences at the port site (40%) than had patients without perforation (9%; P = .13). All patients with recurrences at the port site had distant metastases and all died of the disease 12 to 35 months (median 19 months) after cholecystectomy; all patients with such recurrences and stage T1/T2 tumors subsequently had peritoneal metastases. Conclusions: Patients with a preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder undergoing laparoscopy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy have a high incidence of recurrences at the port site, and the incidence increases when a gallbladder perforation occurs during the operation. All patients with such recurrences died of the disease. The diagnosis of an isolated recurrence at the port site may therefore be an indicator of disseminated disease in most cases. (Surgery 1998;124:831-8.)</description><identifier>ISSN: 0039-6060</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-7361</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0039-6060(98)70005-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9823395</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SURGAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - surgery ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cholecystectomy - adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gallbladder Neoplasms - surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy - adverse effects ; Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology ; Neoplasm Seeding ; Postoperative Complications - epidemiology ; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases ; Surgery of the digestive system ; Survival Analysis</subject><ispartof>Surgery, 1998-11, Vol.124 (5), p.831-838</ispartof><rights>1998 Mosby, Inc.</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-45ed0ba34adef50f6b528a7c8c6c636a498f2ef4d2b7d2811761738ce4e95173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-45ed0ba34adef50f6b528a7c8c6c636a498f2ef4d2b7d2811761738ce4e95173</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039606098700054$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=1585947$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9823395$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Z'graggen, Kaspar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birrer, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maurer, Christoph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wehrli, Heinz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klaiber, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baer, Hans U.</creatorcontrib><title>Incidence of port site recurrence after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for preoperatively unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma</title><title>Surgery</title><addtitle>Surgery</addtitle><description>Background: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site and the outcome of patients with such recurrences after exploratory laparoscopy/laparoscopic cholecystectomy for unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma and analyzed aspects of the laparoscopic procedure associated with recurrences at the port site. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with preoperatively unknown adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder were analyzed. The patients were part of a large prospective study of the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery including 10,925 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder is rarely encountered in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (0.34%). The incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site in these patients is 14% (5 of 37) and is similar whether the primary tumor is confined to the gallbladder (T1/T2) or locally advanced (T3/T4). The recurrences at the port site were diagnosed within 6 to 16 months (median 10 months) after the operation. Patients with an intraoperative perforation of the gallbladder had a higher incidence of recurrences at the port site (40%) than had patients without perforation (9%; P = .13). All patients with recurrences at the port site had distant metastases and all died of the disease 12 to 35 months (median 19 months) after cholecystectomy; all patients with such recurrences and stage T1/T2 tumors subsequently had peritoneal metastases. Conclusions: Patients with a preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder undergoing laparoscopy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy have a high incidence of recurrences at the port site, and the incidence increases when a gallbladder perforation occurs during the operation. All patients with such recurrences died of the disease. The diagnosis of an isolated recurrence at the port site may therefore be an indicator of disseminated disease in most cases. (Surgery 1998;124:831-8.)</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - surgery</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cholecystectomy - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gallbladder Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Laparoscopy - adverse effects</subject><subject>Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology</subject><subject>Neoplasm Seeding</subject><subject>Postoperative Complications - epidemiology</subject><subject>Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. 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Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases</topic><topic>Surgery of the digestive system</topic><topic>Survival Analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Z'graggen, Kaspar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Birrer, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maurer, Christoph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wehrli, Heinz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klaiber, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baer, Hans U.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Z'graggen, Kaspar</au><au>Birrer, Stefan</au><au>Maurer, Christoph A.</au><au>Wehrli, Heinz</au><au>Klaiber, Christian</au><au>Baer, Hans U.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Incidence of port site recurrence after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for preoperatively unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Surgery</jtitle><addtitle>Surgery</addtitle><date>1998-11-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>124</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>831</spage><epage>838</epage><pages>831-838</pages><issn>0039-6060</issn><eissn>1532-7361</eissn><coden>SURGAZ</coden><abstract>Background: We sought to determine the incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site and the outcome of patients with such recurrences after exploratory laparoscopy/laparoscopic cholecystectomy for unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma and analyzed aspects of the laparoscopic procedure associated with recurrences at the port site. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with preoperatively unknown adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder were analyzed. The patients were part of a large prospective study of the Swiss Association of Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery including 10,925 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: Preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder is rarely encountered in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (0.34%). The incidence of recurrence of carcinoma at the port site in these patients is 14% (5 of 37) and is similar whether the primary tumor is confined to the gallbladder (T1/T2) or locally advanced (T3/T4). The recurrences at the port site were diagnosed within 6 to 16 months (median 10 months) after the operation. Patients with an intraoperative perforation of the gallbladder had a higher incidence of recurrences at the port site (40%) than had patients without perforation (9%; P = .13). All patients with recurrences at the port site had distant metastases and all died of the disease 12 to 35 months (median 19 months) after cholecystectomy; all patients with such recurrences and stage T1/T2 tumors subsequently had peritoneal metastases. Conclusions: Patients with a preoperatively undiagnosed adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder undergoing laparoscopy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy have a high incidence of recurrences at the port site, and the incidence increases when a gallbladder perforation occurs during the operation. All patients with such recurrences died of the disease. The diagnosis of an isolated recurrence at the port site may therefore be an indicator of disseminated disease in most cases. (Surgery 1998;124:831-8.)</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>9823395</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0039-6060(98)70005-4</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adenocarcinoma - surgery
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Cholecystectomy - adverse effects
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gallbladder Neoplasms - surgery
Humans
Incidence
Laparoscopy - adverse effects
Liver, biliary tract, pancreas, portal circulation, spleen
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology
Neoplasm Seeding
Postoperative Complications - epidemiology
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Surgery of the digestive system
Survival Analysis
title Incidence of port site recurrence after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for preoperatively unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma
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