Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes
CONTEXT The potential seriousness of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is increasingly recognized; however, information on the frequency of MTBI among high school athletes is limited. OBJECTIVE To identify the type, frequency, and severity of MTBI in selected high school sports activities. DESIGN O...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 1999-09, Vol.282 (10), p.958-963 |
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| creator | Powell, John W Barber-Foss, Kim D |
| description | CONTEXT The potential seriousness of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is increasingly
recognized; however, information on the frequency of MTBI among high school
athletes is limited. OBJECTIVE To identify the type, frequency, and severity of MTBI in selected high
school sports activities. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two hundred forty-six certified athletic trainers recorded injury and
exposure data for high school varsity athletes participating in boys' football,
wrestling, baseball and field hockey, girls' volleyball and softball, boys'
and girls' basketball, and boys' and girls' soccer at 235 US high schools
during 1 or more of the 1995-1997 academic years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of reported MTBI, defined as a head-injured player who was removed
from participation and evaluated by an athletic trainer or physician prior
to returning to participation. National incidence figures for MTBI also were
estimated. RESULTS Of 23,566 reported injuries in the 10 sports during the 3-year study
period, 1219 (5.5%) were MTBIs. Of the MTBIs, football accounted for 773 (63.4%)
of cases; wrestling, 128 (10.5%); girls' soccer, 76 (6.2%); boys' soccer,
69 (5.7%); girls' basketball, 63 (5.2%); boys' basketball, 51 (4.2%); softball,
25 (2.1%); baseball, 15 (1.2%); field hockey, 13 (1.1%); and volleyball, 6
(0.5%). The injury rates per 100 player-seasons were 3.66 for football, 1.58
for wrestling, 1.14 for girls' soccer, 1.04 for girls' basketball, 0.92 for
boys' soccer, 0.75 for boys' basketball, 0.46 for softball, 0.46 for field
hockey, 0.23 for baseball, and 0.14 for volleyball. The median time lost from
participation for all MTBIs was 3 days. There were 6 cases of subdural hematoma
and intracranial injury reported in football. Based on these data, an estimated
62,816 cases of MTBI occur annually among high school varsity athletes participating
in these sports, with football accounting for about 63% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Rates of MTBI vary among sports and none of the 10 popular high school
sports we studied is without the occurrence of an MTBI. Continued involvement
of high school sports sponsors, researchers, medical professionals, coaches,
and sports participants is essential to help minimize the risk of MTBI. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1001/jama.282.10.958 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_70033534</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ama_id>191539</ama_id><sourcerecordid>70033534</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a393t-f406a749e449e7e72d885af151915065217ce64d8b0783a74360fd71de84647e3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpd0M9LwzAUB_AgipvTs3iRIuKtNWl-vRznUDcYeHCey1ubuo7-mEl72H9vYBPFB-G9Rz6E8CXkmtGEUcoet9hgkkIatsRIOCFjJjnEXBo4JWNKDcRagBiRC--3NBTj-pyMGBUgFbAxSVYOhwb7Ko-eHFZttGi3g9tHYZpXn5voPd90XR1N-01te-svyVmJtbdXxz4hHy_Pq9k8Xr69LmbTZYzc8D4uBVWohbEiHG11WgBILJlkhkmqZMp0bpUoYE018CC5omWhWWFBKKEtn5CHw7s7130N1vdZU_nc1jW2tht8pinlXHIR4N0_uO0G14a_ZSljXIBRJqDbIxrWjS2ynasadPvsJ4YA7o8AfY516bDNK__rTCq1VoHdHFhI_c9liNzwb2bzcIg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>211348969</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>American Medical Association Journals</source><creator>Powell, John W ; Barber-Foss, Kim D</creator><creatorcontrib>Powell, John W ; Barber-Foss, Kim D</creatorcontrib><description>CONTEXT The potential seriousness of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is increasingly
recognized; however, information on the frequency of MTBI among high school
athletes is limited. OBJECTIVE To identify the type, frequency, and severity of MTBI in selected high
school sports activities. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two hundred forty-six certified athletic trainers recorded injury and
exposure data for high school varsity athletes participating in boys' football,
wrestling, baseball and field hockey, girls' volleyball and softball, boys'
and girls' basketball, and boys' and girls' soccer at 235 US high schools
during 1 or more of the 1995-1997 academic years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of reported MTBI, defined as a head-injured player who was removed
from participation and evaluated by an athletic trainer or physician prior
to returning to participation. National incidence figures for MTBI also were
estimated. RESULTS Of 23,566 reported injuries in the 10 sports during the 3-year study
period, 1219 (5.5%) were MTBIs. Of the MTBIs, football accounted for 773 (63.4%)
of cases; wrestling, 128 (10.5%); girls' soccer, 76 (6.2%); boys' soccer,
69 (5.7%); girls' basketball, 63 (5.2%); boys' basketball, 51 (4.2%); softball,
25 (2.1%); baseball, 15 (1.2%); field hockey, 13 (1.1%); and volleyball, 6
(0.5%). The injury rates per 100 player-seasons were 3.66 for football, 1.58
for wrestling, 1.14 for girls' soccer, 1.04 for girls' basketball, 0.92 for
boys' soccer, 0.75 for boys' basketball, 0.46 for softball, 0.46 for field
hockey, 0.23 for baseball, and 0.14 for volleyball. The median time lost from
participation for all MTBIs was 3 days. There were 6 cases of subdural hematoma
and intracranial injury reported in football. Based on these data, an estimated
62,816 cases of MTBI occur annually among high school varsity athletes participating
in these sports, with football accounting for about 63% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Rates of MTBI vary among sports and none of the 10 popular high school
sports we studied is without the occurrence of an MTBI. Continued involvement
of high school sports sponsors, researchers, medical professionals, coaches,
and sports participants is essential to help minimize the risk of MTBI.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0098-7484</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-3598</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1001/jama.282.10.958</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10485681</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAMAAP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: American Medical Association</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Athletic Injuries - epidemiology ; Baseball - injuries ; Basketball - injuries ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain damage ; Brain Injuries - epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Football - injuries ; Hockey - injuries ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents ; Male ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Schools - statistics & numerical data ; Secondary schools ; Soccer - injuries ; Sports ; Statistical Distributions ; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents ; United States - epidemiology ; Wrestling - injuries</subject><ispartof>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 1999-09, Vol.282 (10), p.958-963</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Medical Association Sep 8, 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a393t-f406a749e449e7e72d885af151915065217ce64d8b0783a74360fd71de84647e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/articlepdf/10.1001/jama.282.10.958$$EPDF$$P50$$Gama$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.282.10.958$$EHTML$$P50$$Gama$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>64,314,776,780,3327,27901,27902,76458,76461</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1925776$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10485681$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Powell, John W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barber-Foss, Kim D</creatorcontrib><title>Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes</title><title>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</title><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><description>CONTEXT The potential seriousness of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is increasingly
recognized; however, information on the frequency of MTBI among high school
athletes is limited. OBJECTIVE To identify the type, frequency, and severity of MTBI in selected high
school sports activities. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two hundred forty-six certified athletic trainers recorded injury and
exposure data for high school varsity athletes participating in boys' football,
wrestling, baseball and field hockey, girls' volleyball and softball, boys'
and girls' basketball, and boys' and girls' soccer at 235 US high schools
during 1 or more of the 1995-1997 academic years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of reported MTBI, defined as a head-injured player who was removed
from participation and evaluated by an athletic trainer or physician prior
to returning to participation. National incidence figures for MTBI also were
estimated. RESULTS Of 23,566 reported injuries in the 10 sports during the 3-year study
period, 1219 (5.5%) were MTBIs. Of the MTBIs, football accounted for 773 (63.4%)
of cases; wrestling, 128 (10.5%); girls' soccer, 76 (6.2%); boys' soccer,
69 (5.7%); girls' basketball, 63 (5.2%); boys' basketball, 51 (4.2%); softball,
25 (2.1%); baseball, 15 (1.2%); field hockey, 13 (1.1%); and volleyball, 6
(0.5%). The injury rates per 100 player-seasons were 3.66 for football, 1.58
for wrestling, 1.14 for girls' soccer, 1.04 for girls' basketball, 0.92 for
boys' soccer, 0.75 for boys' basketball, 0.46 for softball, 0.46 for field
hockey, 0.23 for baseball, and 0.14 for volleyball. The median time lost from
participation for all MTBIs was 3 days. There were 6 cases of subdural hematoma
and intracranial injury reported in football. Based on these data, an estimated
62,816 cases of MTBI occur annually among high school varsity athletes participating
in these sports, with football accounting for about 63% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Rates of MTBI vary among sports and none of the 10 popular high school
sports we studied is without the occurrence of an MTBI. Continued involvement
of high school sports sponsors, researchers, medical professionals, coaches,
and sports participants is essential to help minimize the risk of MTBI.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Baseball - injuries</subject><subject>Basketball - injuries</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain damage</subject><subject>Brain Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Football - injuries</subject><subject>Hockey - injuries</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Schools - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Secondary schools</subject><subject>Soccer - injuries</subject><subject>Sports</subject><subject>Statistical Distributions</subject><subject>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Wrestling - injuries</subject><issn>0098-7484</issn><issn>1538-3598</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0M9LwzAUB_AgipvTs3iRIuKtNWl-vRznUDcYeHCey1ubuo7-mEl72H9vYBPFB-G9Rz6E8CXkmtGEUcoet9hgkkIatsRIOCFjJjnEXBo4JWNKDcRagBiRC--3NBTj-pyMGBUgFbAxSVYOhwb7Ko-eHFZttGi3g9tHYZpXn5voPd90XR1N-01te-svyVmJtbdXxz4hHy_Pq9k8Xr69LmbTZYzc8D4uBVWohbEiHG11WgBILJlkhkmqZMp0bpUoYE018CC5omWhWWFBKKEtn5CHw7s7130N1vdZU_nc1jW2tht8pinlXHIR4N0_uO0G14a_ZSljXIBRJqDbIxrWjS2ynasadPvsJ4YA7o8AfY516bDNK__rTCq1VoHdHFhI_c9liNzwb2bzcIg</recordid><startdate>19990908</startdate><enddate>19990908</enddate><creator>Powell, John W</creator><creator>Barber-Foss, Kim D</creator><general>American Medical Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990908</creationdate><title>Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes</title><author>Powell, John W ; Barber-Foss, Kim D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a393t-f406a749e449e7e72d885af151915065217ce64d8b0783a74360fd71de84647e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Baseball - injuries</topic><topic>Basketball - injuries</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain damage</topic><topic>Brain Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Football - injuries</topic><topic>Hockey - injuries</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Schools - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Secondary schools</topic><topic>Soccer - injuries</topic><topic>Sports</topic><topic>Statistical Distributions</topic><topic>Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Wrestling - injuries</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Powell, John W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barber-Foss, Kim D</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Powell, John W</au><au>Barber-Foss, Kim D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes</atitle><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><date>1999-09-08</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>282</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>958</spage><epage>963</epage><pages>958-963</pages><issn>0098-7484</issn><eissn>1538-3598</eissn><coden>JAMAAP</coden><abstract>CONTEXT The potential seriousness of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is increasingly
recognized; however, information on the frequency of MTBI among high school
athletes is limited. OBJECTIVE To identify the type, frequency, and severity of MTBI in selected high
school sports activities. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two hundred forty-six certified athletic trainers recorded injury and
exposure data for high school varsity athletes participating in boys' football,
wrestling, baseball and field hockey, girls' volleyball and softball, boys'
and girls' basketball, and boys' and girls' soccer at 235 US high schools
during 1 or more of the 1995-1997 academic years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of reported MTBI, defined as a head-injured player who was removed
from participation and evaluated by an athletic trainer or physician prior
to returning to participation. National incidence figures for MTBI also were
estimated. RESULTS Of 23,566 reported injuries in the 10 sports during the 3-year study
period, 1219 (5.5%) were MTBIs. Of the MTBIs, football accounted for 773 (63.4%)
of cases; wrestling, 128 (10.5%); girls' soccer, 76 (6.2%); boys' soccer,
69 (5.7%); girls' basketball, 63 (5.2%); boys' basketball, 51 (4.2%); softball,
25 (2.1%); baseball, 15 (1.2%); field hockey, 13 (1.1%); and volleyball, 6
(0.5%). The injury rates per 100 player-seasons were 3.66 for football, 1.58
for wrestling, 1.14 for girls' soccer, 1.04 for girls' basketball, 0.92 for
boys' soccer, 0.75 for boys' basketball, 0.46 for softball, 0.46 for field
hockey, 0.23 for baseball, and 0.14 for volleyball. The median time lost from
participation for all MTBIs was 3 days. There were 6 cases of subdural hematoma
and intracranial injury reported in football. Based on these data, an estimated
62,816 cases of MTBI occur annually among high school varsity athletes participating
in these sports, with football accounting for about 63% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Rates of MTBI vary among sports and none of the 10 popular high school
sports we studied is without the occurrence of an MTBI. Continued involvement
of high school sports sponsors, researchers, medical professionals, coaches,
and sports participants is essential to help minimize the risk of MTBI.</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>American Medical Association</pub><pmid>10485681</pmid><doi>10.1001/jama.282.10.958</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 1999-09, Vol.282 (10), p.958-963 |
| issn | 0098-7484 1538-3598 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; American Medical Association Journals |
| subjects | Adolescent Athletic Injuries - epidemiology Baseball - injuries Basketball - injuries Biological and medical sciences Brain damage Brain Injuries - epidemiology Cohort Studies Female Football - injuries Hockey - injuries Humans Incidence Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents Male Medical research Medical sciences Schools - statistics & numerical data Secondary schools Soccer - injuries Sports Statistical Distributions Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents United States - epidemiology Wrestling - injuries |
| title | Traumatic Brain Injury in High School Athletes |
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