Functional anatomy of the human efferent tear ducts : a new theory of tear outflow mechanism
The mechanism of lacrimal drainage under physiological conditions is controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional architecture of human efferent tear ducts from functional and clinical points of view. A new theory of tear outflow is discussed. Thirty-two prepared lacrima...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 1998-09, Vol.236 (9), p.674-678 |
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| creator | THALE, A PAULSEN, F ROCHELS, R TILLMANN, B |
| description | The mechanism of lacrimal drainage under physiological conditions is controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional architecture of human efferent tear ducts from functional and clinical points of view. A new theory of tear outflow is discussed.
Thirty-two prepared lacrimal systems of adults were examined by histological, immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic techniques.
The wall of the lacrimal sac is made up of collagen bundles, elastic and reticular fibers arranged in a helical pattern. Wide luminal vascular plexus are embedded in this helical system and connected to the cavernous tissue of the inferior turbinate in the region of Hasner's valve. Immunohistochemical analysis showed evidence of type I and type III collagen as well as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate.
With blinking, the lacrimal part of the orbicularis muscle contracts. The fornix of the sac moves in a cranial-lateral direction. Thus the lacrimal sac distends and may be "wrung out" due to its medial attachment and helically arranged fibrillar structures. The vascular plexus may play an important role in the absorption and drainage of lacrimal fluid. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s004170050140 |
| format | Article |
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Thirty-two prepared lacrimal systems of adults were examined by histological, immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic techniques.
The wall of the lacrimal sac is made up of collagen bundles, elastic and reticular fibers arranged in a helical pattern. Wide luminal vascular plexus are embedded in this helical system and connected to the cavernous tissue of the inferior turbinate in the region of Hasner's valve. Immunohistochemical analysis showed evidence of type I and type III collagen as well as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate.
With blinking, the lacrimal part of the orbicularis muscle contracts. The fornix of the sac moves in a cranial-lateral direction. Thus the lacrimal sac distends and may be "wrung out" due to its medial attachment and helically arranged fibrillar structures. The vascular plexus may play an important role in the absorption and drainage of lacrimal fluid.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-832X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-702X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s004170050140</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9782428</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GACODL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin: Springer</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blinking - physiology ; Chondroitin Sulfates - analysis ; Collagen - analysis ; Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lacrimal Apparatus - anatomy & histology ; Lacrimal Apparatus - chemistry ; Lacrimal Apparatus - physiology ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Middle Aged ; Nasolacrimal Duct - anatomy & histology ; Nasolacrimal Duct - chemistry ; Nasolacrimal Duct - physiology ; Oculomotor Muscles - physiology ; Ophthalmology ; Tears - physiology ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><ispartof>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 1998-09, Vol.236 (9), p.674-678</ispartof><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-ca09e093a5c8ac8c91ddf3cb4a80bb050a441de048db824b37b3aa65d5bd82dd3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,23909,23910,25118,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2357859$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9782428$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>THALE, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PAULSEN, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ROCHELS, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TILLMANN, B</creatorcontrib><title>Functional anatomy of the human efferent tear ducts : a new theory of tear outflow mechanism</title><title>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>The mechanism of lacrimal drainage under physiological conditions is controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional architecture of human efferent tear ducts from functional and clinical points of view. A new theory of tear outflow is discussed.
Thirty-two prepared lacrimal systems of adults were examined by histological, immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic techniques.
The wall of the lacrimal sac is made up of collagen bundles, elastic and reticular fibers arranged in a helical pattern. Wide luminal vascular plexus are embedded in this helical system and connected to the cavernous tissue of the inferior turbinate in the region of Hasner's valve. Immunohistochemical analysis showed evidence of type I and type III collagen as well as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate.
With blinking, the lacrimal part of the orbicularis muscle contracts. The fornix of the sac moves in a cranial-lateral direction. Thus the lacrimal sac distends and may be "wrung out" due to its medial attachment and helically arranged fibrillar structures. The vascular plexus may play an important role in the absorption and drainage of lacrimal fluid.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blinking - physiology</subject><subject>Chondroitin Sulfates - analysis</subject><subject>Collagen - analysis</subject><subject>Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Lacrimal Apparatus - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Lacrimal Apparatus - chemistry</subject><subject>Lacrimal Apparatus - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nasolacrimal Duct - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Nasolacrimal Duct - chemistry</subject><subject>Nasolacrimal Duct - physiology</subject><subject>Oculomotor Muscles - physiology</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Tears - physiology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><issn>0721-832X</issn><issn>1435-702X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0E1LxDAQBuAgiq4fR49CEPFWnTTJJvUm4qogeFHwIJRpkrKVNtEkRfz3dtlF0NMc3odh5iXkmMEFA1CXCUAwBSCBCdgiMya4LBSUr9tkBqpkhebl6x7ZT-kdJsol2yW7ldKlKPWMvC1Gb3IXPPYUPeYwfNPQ0rx0dDkO6KlrWxedzzQ7jNSOJid6RZF697VSIa79KgxjbvvwRQdnlui7NBySnRb75I4284C8LG6fb-6Lx6e7h5vrx8IIBrkwCJWDiqM0Go02FbO25aYRqKFppsdQCGYdCG2b6eyGq4YjzqWVjdWltfyAnK_3fsTwObqU66FLxvU9ehfGVM-rSqm5mk_w9B98D2Ocfk91yUFpISVMqFgjE0NK0bX1R-wGjN81g3pVef2n8smfbJaOzeDsr950POVnmxyTwb6N6E2XflnJpdKy4j93YoiY</recordid><startdate>19980901</startdate><enddate>19980901</enddate><creator>THALE, A</creator><creator>PAULSEN, F</creator><creator>ROCHELS, R</creator><creator>TILLMANN, B</creator><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980901</creationdate><title>Functional anatomy of the human efferent tear ducts : a new theory of tear outflow mechanism</title><author>THALE, A ; PAULSEN, F ; ROCHELS, R ; TILLMANN, B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c410t-ca09e093a5c8ac8c91ddf3cb4a80bb050a441de048db824b37b3aa65d5bd82dd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blinking - physiology</topic><topic>Chondroitin Sulfates - analysis</topic><topic>Collagen - analysis</topic><topic>Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Lacrimal Apparatus - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Lacrimal Apparatus - chemistry</topic><topic>Lacrimal Apparatus - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nasolacrimal Duct - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Nasolacrimal Duct - chemistry</topic><topic>Nasolacrimal Duct - physiology</topic><topic>Oculomotor Muscles - physiology</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Tears - physiology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>THALE, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PAULSEN, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ROCHELS, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TILLMANN, B</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>THALE, A</au><au>PAULSEN, F</au><au>ROCHELS, R</au><au>TILLMANN, B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Functional anatomy of the human efferent tear ducts : a new theory of tear outflow mechanism</atitle><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>1998-09-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>236</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>674</spage><epage>678</epage><pages>674-678</pages><issn>0721-832X</issn><eissn>1435-702X</eissn><coden>GACODL</coden><abstract>The mechanism of lacrimal drainage under physiological conditions is controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional architecture of human efferent tear ducts from functional and clinical points of view. A new theory of tear outflow is discussed.
Thirty-two prepared lacrimal systems of adults were examined by histological, immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic techniques.
The wall of the lacrimal sac is made up of collagen bundles, elastic and reticular fibers arranged in a helical pattern. Wide luminal vascular plexus are embedded in this helical system and connected to the cavernous tissue of the inferior turbinate in the region of Hasner's valve. Immunohistochemical analysis showed evidence of type I and type III collagen as well as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate.
With blinking, the lacrimal part of the orbicularis muscle contracts. The fornix of the sac moves in a cranial-lateral direction. Thus the lacrimal sac distends and may be "wrung out" due to its medial attachment and helically arranged fibrillar structures. The vascular plexus may play an important role in the absorption and drainage of lacrimal fluid.</abstract><cop>Berlin</cop><pub>Springer</pub><pmid>9782428</pmid><doi>10.1007/s004170050140</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Blinking - physiology Chondroitin Sulfates - analysis Collagen - analysis Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Immunohistochemistry Lacrimal Apparatus - anatomy & histology Lacrimal Apparatus - chemistry Lacrimal Apparatus - physiology Male Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Middle Aged Nasolacrimal Duct - anatomy & histology Nasolacrimal Duct - chemistry Nasolacrimal Duct - physiology Oculomotor Muscles - physiology Ophthalmology Tears - physiology Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs |
| title | Functional anatomy of the human efferent tear ducts : a new theory of tear outflow mechanism |
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