The role of immunosuppression and immune‐activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma
Immunodeficiency and elevated levels of cytokines have been associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions in patients with AIDS and iatrogenic immunodeficiency. However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T‐cell subs...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of cancer 1999-09, Vol.82 (6), p.817-821 |
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| creator | Touloumi, Giota Hatzakis, Angelos Potouridou, Irini Milona, Ioanna Strarigos, John Katsambas, Andreas Giraldo, Gaetano Beth‐Giraldo, Elke Biggar, Robert J. Mueller, Nancy Trichopoulos, Dimitrios |
| description | Immunodeficiency and elevated levels of cytokines have been associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions in patients with AIDS and iatrogenic immunodeficiency. However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T‐cell subsets, as well as neopterin and β2‐microglobulin in 91 HIV‐negative Greek patients with histologically confirmed CKS and in 107 controls matched for age and sex. CKS cases had slightly lower leukocyte counts (p = 0.08) and lymphocyte counts (p = 0.02). Although the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes were not significantly different from controls (p = 0.10 and p = 0.45, respectively), CD4 T‐lymphocytes were lower in cases than controls (812 cells/μL and 1,009 cells/μL, respectively; p = 0.01); part of this difference resulted from the lower lymphocyte counts (p = 0.07 after adjusting for lymphocyte counts). However, neopterin and β2‐microglobulin were both considerably elevated [geometric mean (95% CI): 8.35 (7.27–9.73) nmol/L and 2,904 (2,479–3,401) μg/L in cases and 5.86 (5.40–6.35) nmol/L and 2,042 (1,880–2,218) μg/L in controls, respectively]. We conclude that CKS patients are predominantly characterised by immune activation, although an element of minor immunosupression may also be present. Int. J. Cancer 82:817–821, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990909)82:6<817::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-7 |
| format | Article |
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However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T‐cell subsets, as well as neopterin and β2‐microglobulin in 91 HIV‐negative Greek patients with histologically confirmed CKS and in 107 controls matched for age and sex. CKS cases had slightly lower leukocyte counts (p = 0.08) and lymphocyte counts (p = 0.02). Although the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes were not significantly different from controls (p = 0.10 and p = 0.45, respectively), CD4 T‐lymphocytes were lower in cases than controls (812 cells/μL and 1,009 cells/μL, respectively; p = 0.01); part of this difference resulted from the lower lymphocyte counts (p = 0.07 after adjusting for lymphocyte counts). However, neopterin and β2‐microglobulin were both considerably elevated [geometric mean (95% CI): 8.35 (7.27–9.73) nmol/L and 2,904 (2,479–3,401) μg/L in cases and 5.86 (5.40–6.35) nmol/L and 2,042 (1,880–2,218) μg/L in controls, respectively]. We conclude that CKS patients are predominantly characterised by immune activation, although an element of minor immunosupression may also be present. Int. J. Cancer 82:817–821, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-7136</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0215</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990909)82:6<817::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10446447</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJCNAW</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>AIDS/HIV ; beta 2-Microglobulin - analysis ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - blood ; Case-Control Studies ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; Dermatology ; Female ; Greece ; Hematocrit ; HIV Seronegativity ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Neopterin - blood ; Reference Values ; Sarcoma, Kaposi - blood ; Sarcoma, Kaposi - immunology ; Sarcoma, Kaposi - pathology ; Skin Neoplasms - blood ; Skin Neoplasms - immunology ; Skin Neoplasms - pathology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology ; Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions</subject><ispartof>International journal of cancer, 1999-09, Vol.82 (6), p.817-821</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4728-8db869ffe4de0893fa06f611b0b50326e57e901d2f4a5d0f76e5dd8655426ede3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0215%2819990909%2982%3A6%3C817%3A%3AAID-IJC8%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0215%2819990909%2982%3A6%3C817%3A%3AAID-IJC8%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1915893$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10446447$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Touloumi, Giota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatzakis, Angelos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potouridou, Irini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milona, Ioanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strarigos, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katsambas, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giraldo, Gaetano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beth‐Giraldo, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biggar, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trichopoulos, Dimitrios</creatorcontrib><title>The role of immunosuppression and immune‐activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma</title><title>International journal of cancer</title><addtitle>Int J Cancer</addtitle><description>Immunodeficiency and elevated levels of cytokines have been associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions in patients with AIDS and iatrogenic immunodeficiency. However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T‐cell subsets, as well as neopterin and β2‐microglobulin in 91 HIV‐negative Greek patients with histologically confirmed CKS and in 107 controls matched for age and sex. CKS cases had slightly lower leukocyte counts (p = 0.08) and lymphocyte counts (p = 0.02). Although the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes were not significantly different from controls (p = 0.10 and p = 0.45, respectively), CD4 T‐lymphocytes were lower in cases than controls (812 cells/μL and 1,009 cells/μL, respectively; p = 0.01); part of this difference resulted from the lower lymphocyte counts (p = 0.07 after adjusting for lymphocyte counts). However, neopterin and β2‐microglobulin were both considerably elevated [geometric mean (95% CI): 8.35 (7.27–9.73) nmol/L and 2,904 (2,479–3,401) μg/L in cases and 5.86 (5.40–6.35) nmol/L and 2,042 (1,880–2,218) μg/L in controls, respectively]. We conclude that CKS patients are predominantly characterised by immune activation, although an element of minor immunosupression may also be present. Int. J. Cancer 82:817–821, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><subject>AIDS/HIV</subject><subject>beta 2-Microglobulin - analysis</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Greece</subject><subject>Hematocrit</subject><subject>HIV Seronegativity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Leukocyte Count</subject><subject>Lymphocyte Count</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Neopterin - blood</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Sarcoma, Kaposi - blood</subject><subject>Sarcoma, Kaposi - immunology</subject><subject>Sarcoma, Kaposi - pathology</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - blood</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - immunology</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology</subject><subject>Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions</subject><issn>0020-7136</issn><issn>1097-0215</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkN1qFDEYhoModq3egsyBaHsw65eZTDLZSqGMf6OFRayefmTzgyPzZ7LT0jMvwWv0Ssy4qxUUJAchX568vHkIOaWwpADZ06P3dVUfU5AihYwWR1RKCXEdl9mKPyupWK3O6udp_aYqT_MlLKv1SZaKW2Tx-8ltsohBkAqa8wNyL4TPAJQWwO6SAwqMccbEgry7-GQTP7Q2GVzSdN3UD2EaR29DaIY-Ub3ZTe33r9-U3jaXajvPmz7RrYqMTt6qcQjNk5AE5fXQqfvkjlNtsA_2-yH58PLFRfU6PV-_qquz81QzkZVpaTYll85ZZiyUMncKuOOUbmBTQJ5xWwgrgZrMMVUYcCJOjCl5UbB4aWx-SB7vckc_fJls2GLXBG3bVvV2mAJyKbkAwSL4cQdqP4TgrcPRN53y10gBZ9mIs2yczeFsDn_JxjJDjlE2YpSNs2zMEbBaY4YiBj_cN5g2nTV_xO7sRuDRHlBBq9Z51esm3HCSFvHnNwWvmtZe_9Xuv-X-0e3nOf8BaRCn3w</recordid><startdate>19990909</startdate><enddate>19990909</enddate><creator>Touloumi, Giota</creator><creator>Hatzakis, Angelos</creator><creator>Potouridou, Irini</creator><creator>Milona, Ioanna</creator><creator>Strarigos, John</creator><creator>Katsambas, Andreas</creator><creator>Giraldo, Gaetano</creator><creator>Beth‐Giraldo, Elke</creator><creator>Biggar, Robert J.</creator><creator>Mueller, Nancy</creator><creator>Trichopoulos, Dimitrios</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley-Liss</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990909</creationdate><title>The role of immunosuppression and immune‐activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma</title><author>Touloumi, Giota ; Hatzakis, Angelos ; Potouridou, Irini ; Milona, Ioanna ; Strarigos, John ; Katsambas, Andreas ; Giraldo, Gaetano ; Beth‐Giraldo, Elke ; Biggar, Robert J. ; Mueller, Nancy ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4728-8db869ffe4de0893fa06f611b0b50326e57e901d2f4a5d0f76e5dd8655426ede3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>AIDS/HIV</topic><topic>beta 2-Microglobulin - analysis</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>CD4 Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Greece</topic><topic>Hematocrit</topic><topic>HIV Seronegativity</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Leukocyte Count</topic><topic>Lymphocyte Count</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Neopterin - blood</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Sarcoma, Kaposi - blood</topic><topic>Sarcoma, Kaposi - immunology</topic><topic>Sarcoma, Kaposi - pathology</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - blood</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - immunology</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology</topic><topic>Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Touloumi, Giota</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatzakis, Angelos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potouridou, Irini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milona, Ioanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strarigos, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katsambas, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giraldo, Gaetano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beth‐Giraldo, Elke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biggar, Robert J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Nancy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trichopoulos, Dimitrios</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Touloumi, Giota</au><au>Hatzakis, Angelos</au><au>Potouridou, Irini</au><au>Milona, Ioanna</au><au>Strarigos, John</au><au>Katsambas, Andreas</au><au>Giraldo, Gaetano</au><au>Beth‐Giraldo, Elke</au><au>Biggar, Robert J.</au><au>Mueller, Nancy</au><au>Trichopoulos, Dimitrios</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The role of immunosuppression and immune‐activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma</atitle><jtitle>International journal of cancer</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Cancer</addtitle><date>1999-09-09</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>82</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>817</spage><epage>821</epage><pages>817-821</pages><issn>0020-7136</issn><eissn>1097-0215</eissn><coden>IJCNAW</coden><abstract>Immunodeficiency and elevated levels of cytokines have been associated with the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions in patients with AIDS and iatrogenic immunodeficiency. However, their role in classic KS (CKS) is unclear. We measured peripheral blood cell levels, including T‐cell subsets, as well as neopterin and β2‐microglobulin in 91 HIV‐negative Greek patients with histologically confirmed CKS and in 107 controls matched for age and sex. CKS cases had slightly lower leukocyte counts (p = 0.08) and lymphocyte counts (p = 0.02). Although the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes were not significantly different from controls (p = 0.10 and p = 0.45, respectively), CD4 T‐lymphocytes were lower in cases than controls (812 cells/μL and 1,009 cells/μL, respectively; p = 0.01); part of this difference resulted from the lower lymphocyte counts (p = 0.07 after adjusting for lymphocyte counts). However, neopterin and β2‐microglobulin were both considerably elevated [geometric mean (95% CI): 8.35 (7.27–9.73) nmol/L and 2,904 (2,479–3,401) μg/L in cases and 5.86 (5.40–6.35) nmol/L and 2,042 (1,880–2,218) μg/L in controls, respectively]. We conclude that CKS patients are predominantly characterised by immune activation, although an element of minor immunosupression may also be present. Int. J. Cancer 82:817–821, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>10446447</pmid><doi>10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990909)82:6<817::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-7</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | AIDS/HIV beta 2-Microglobulin - analysis Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - blood Case-Control Studies CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Dermatology Female Greece Hematocrit HIV Seronegativity Humans Leukocyte Count Lymphocyte Count Male Medical sciences Neopterin - blood Reference Values Sarcoma, Kaposi - blood Sarcoma, Kaposi - immunology Sarcoma, Kaposi - pathology Skin Neoplasms - blood Skin Neoplasms - immunology Skin Neoplasms - pathology T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions |
| title | The role of immunosuppression and immune‐activation in classic Kaposi's sarcoma |
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