Cutaneous innervation of lower eyelid

The loss of skin sensation or numbness after lower blepharoplasty is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to elucidate the infraorbital nerve (ION) and zygomaticofacial nerve (ZFN) in detail. Twenty-one hemifaces of 14 fresh Korean adult cadavers were dissected. Infraorbital nerve and ZFN came out...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of craniofacial surgery 2008-11, Vol.19 (6), p.1675-1677
Hauptverfasser: Hwang, Kun, Nam, Yong Seok, Choi, Hyuk Gyu, Han, Seung Ho, Hwang, Se Ho
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container_end_page 1677
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1675
container_title The Journal of craniofacial surgery
container_volume 19
creator Hwang, Kun
Nam, Yong Seok
Choi, Hyuk Gyu
Han, Seung Ho
Hwang, Se Ho
description The loss of skin sensation or numbness after lower blepharoplasty is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to elucidate the infraorbital nerve (ION) and zygomaticofacial nerve (ZFN) in detail. Twenty-one hemifaces of 14 fresh Korean adult cadavers were dissected. Infraorbital nerve and ZFN came out of infraorbital foramen and zygomaticofacial foramen. They ran along superficial to the periosteum within and beneath the epimysium of the orbicularis oculi muscle and then through orbicularis oculi muscle perpendicularly and distributed to the skin. The distal branch approached to the lower border of the tarsal plate. Most terminal branches (93.8%) of ION were distributed medial to the lateral canthus. Only a few branches (6.2%) were lateral to the lateral canthus. Most (99.4%) terminal branches of ZFN were distributed lateral to the lateral canthus. Very few (0.6%) branches were medial to the lateral canthus. We conclude that the skin-muscle flap infringes less than the skin flap on the terminal branches of ION and ZFN in exposure of the orbital floor as well as in lower blepharoplasty.
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subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cadaver
Dentistry
Eyelids - innervation
Facial Muscles - innervation
Facial Nerve - anatomy & histology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Orbit - innervation
Periosteum - innervation
Skin - innervation
Zygoma - innervation
title Cutaneous innervation of lower eyelid
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