Clinical Needs Assessment of Middle and High School Students Following the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing
OBJECTIVE: This clinical assessment was designed to identify middle and high school students in need of formal evaluation for posttraumatic response symptoms following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was devel...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of psychiatry 1999-07, Vol.156 (7), p.1069-1074 |
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| container_title | The American journal of psychiatry |
| container_volume | 156 |
| creator | Pfefferbaum, Betty Nixon, Sara Jo Krug, Ronald S. Tivis, Rick D. Moore, Vern L. Brown, Janice M. Pynoos, Robert S. Foy, David Gurwitch, Robin H. |
| description | OBJECTIVE: This clinical assessment was designed to identify middle and high school students in need of formal evaluation for posttraumatic response symptoms following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N=3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1176/ajp.156.7.1069 |
| format | Article |
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Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N=3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-953X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1535-7228</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.7.1069</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10401454</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJPSAO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bombing ; Bombings ; Child ; Clinical assessment ; Educational Status ; Ethnic Groups ; Explosions - statistics & numerical data ; Factors ; Female ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle school students ; Needs Assessment ; Oklahoma - epidemiology ; Oklahoma City ; Post traumatic stress disorder ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Regression Analysis ; Schools ; Secondary school students ; Sex Distribution ; Sex Factors ; Social Support ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology ; Students ; Students - psychology ; Students - statistics & numerical data ; Television ; USA ; Violence - psychology</subject><ispartof>The American journal of psychiatry, 1999-07, Vol.156 (7), p.1069-1074</ispartof><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychiatric Association Jul 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a442t-d057a68f6c271314b2da466ad6b52dd4e054db280b06919131a93608083f14343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a442t-d057a68f6c271314b2da466ad6b52dd4e054db280b06919131a93608083f14343</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://psychiatryonline.org/doi/epdf/10.1176/ajp.156.7.1069$$EPDF$$P50$$Gappi$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/ajp.156.7.1069$$EHTML$$P50$$Gappi$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2842,21605,21606,21607,27846,27901,27902,30977,77763,77768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1868625$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10401454$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pfefferbaum, Betty</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nixon, Sara Jo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krug, Ronald S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tivis, Rick D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Vern L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Janice M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pynoos, Robert S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foy, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurwitch, Robin H.</creatorcontrib><title>Clinical Needs Assessment of Middle and High School Students Following the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing</title><title>The American journal of psychiatry</title><addtitle>Am J Psychiatry</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVE: This clinical assessment was designed to identify middle and high school students in need of formal evaluation for posttraumatic response symptoms following the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N=3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bombing</subject><subject>Bombings</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Clinical assessment</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups</subject><subject>Explosions - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Factors</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Change Events</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle school students</subject><subject>Needs Assessment</subject><subject>Oklahoma - epidemiology</subject><subject>Oklahoma City</subject><subject>Post traumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Secondary school students</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Social Support</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Students - psychology</subject><subject>Students - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Television</subject><subject>USA</subject><subject>Violence - psychology</subject><issn>0002-953X</issn><issn>1535-7228</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0c9rFDEUB_Agil2rV48SVLyUGfP7x7Eu1haqPVTBW8hMMt2smcl0MoP0vzfLLrSIxVMI-byX9_gC8BqjGmMpPtrtWGMualljJPQTsMKc8koSop6CFUKIVJrTn0fgRc7bckVUkufgCCOGMONsBfw6hiG0NsJv3rsMT3P2Ofd-mGHq4NfgXPTQDg6eh5sNvG43KUV4PS-uiAzPUozpdxhu4LzxEGvN4dWvaDept3Ad5jv4KfVNeX4JnnU2Zv_qcB6DH2efv6_Pq8urLxfr08vKMkbmyiEurVCdaInEFLOGOMuEsE40nDjHPOLMNUShpuyKdSFWU4EUUrTDjDJ6DD7s-45Tul18nk0fcutjtINPSzZCK6WJRv-FXEpOldQFvv0LbtMyDWUJQwhiGmnGC3r3GMIcKyoU1rKoeq_aKeU8-c6MU-jtdGcwMrswTQmzFAgjzS7MUvDm0HZpeu8e8H16Bbw_AJtLhN1khzbke6eEEmQ33sme2XEMD0b7969_AH5WsRE</recordid><startdate>19990701</startdate><enddate>19990701</enddate><creator>Pfefferbaum, Betty</creator><creator>Nixon, Sara Jo</creator><creator>Krug, Ronald S.</creator><creator>Tivis, Rick D.</creator><creator>Moore, Vern L.</creator><creator>Brown, Janice M.</creator><creator>Pynoos, Robert S.</creator><creator>Foy, David</creator><creator>Gurwitch, Robin H.</creator><general>American Psychiatric Publishing</general><general>American Psychiatric Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>HAWNG</scope><scope>HBMBR</scope><scope>IBDFT</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19990701</creationdate><title>Clinical Needs Assessment of Middle and High School Students Following the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing</title><author>Pfefferbaum, Betty ; Nixon, Sara Jo ; Krug, Ronald S. ; Tivis, Rick D. ; Moore, Vern L. ; Brown, Janice M. ; Pynoos, Robert S. ; Foy, David ; Gurwitch, Robin H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a442t-d057a68f6c271314b2da466ad6b52dd4e054db280b06919131a93608083f14343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. 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Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. METHOD: A clinical needs assessment instrument was developed and administered to grade 6 through 12 students 7 weeks after the bombing (N=3,218). RESULTS: More than 40% of the students reported knowing someone injured, and more than one-third reported knowing someone killed in the blast. Posttraumatic stress symptoms at 7 weeks significantly correlated with gender, exposure through knowing someone injured or killed, and bomb-related television viewing. CONCLUSIONS: This study documents the intensity of community exposure to the bombing and the lingering symptoms of stress. The assessment was used in planning for clinical service delivery, training professional responders, and supporting funding requests.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychiatric Publishing</pub><pmid>10401454</pmid><doi>10.1176/ajp.156.7.1069</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); MEDLINE; American Psychiatric Publishing Journals (1997-Present); Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult and adolescent clinical studies Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Biological and medical sciences Bombing Bombings Child Clinical assessment Educational Status Ethnic Groups Explosions - statistics & numerical data Factors Female Humans Life Change Events Male Medical sciences Middle school students Needs Assessment Oklahoma - epidemiology Oklahoma City Post traumatic stress disorder Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Regression Analysis Schools Secondary school students Sex Distribution Sex Factors Social Support Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - epidemiology Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Students Students - psychology Students - statistics & numerical data Television USA Violence - psychology |
| title | Clinical Needs Assessment of Middle and High School Students Following the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing |
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