Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Blood Pressure Reactivity to Cold Pressor Test in Normotensive, Young Adult African-American Women
Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress has been observed in the African-American population, and such a pressor response is believed to play a role in hypertension. Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to exert an anti-hypertensive effect, and this may alter the blood pressure...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ethnicity & disease 1999, Vol.9 (1), p.104-110 |
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| creator | Bond, Vernon Mills, Richard M. Caprarola, Michael Vaccaro, Paul Adams, R. George Blakely, Raymond Roltsch, Mark Hatfield, Bradley Davis, Gwendolyn C. Franks, B. Don Fairfax, Johnnie Banks, Marshall |
| description | Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress has been observed in the African-American population, and such a pressor response is believed to play a role in hypertension. Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to exert an anti-hypertensive effect, and this may alter the blood pressure hyperreactivity observed in African Americans. To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise attenuates pressor reactivity in African Americans, we studied eight healthy aerobically-trained normotensive African-American females and five similar sedentary females. The stress stimuli consisted of the cold pressor test with the foot immersed in ice water for two minutes. The aerobic exercise training protocol consisted of six weeks of jogging at 60-70% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peek), three days/week for 35 min/exercise session. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were measured. Manifestation of a training effect was illustrated by a 24.1 ± 0.2% increase in VO2peek (26.9 ± 1.2 mL·kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) (P |
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George ; Blakely, Raymond ; Roltsch, Mark ; Hatfield, Bradley ; Davis, Gwendolyn C. ; Franks, B. Don ; Fairfax, Johnnie ; Banks, Marshall</creator><creatorcontrib>Bond, Vernon ; Mills, Richard M. ; Caprarola, Michael ; Vaccaro, Paul ; Adams, R. George ; Blakely, Raymond ; Roltsch, Mark ; Hatfield, Bradley ; Davis, Gwendolyn C. ; Franks, B. Don ; Fairfax, Johnnie ; Banks, Marshall</creatorcontrib><description>Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress has been observed in the African-American population, and such a pressor response is believed to play a role in hypertension. Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to exert an anti-hypertensive effect, and this may alter the blood pressure hyperreactivity observed in African Americans. To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise attenuates pressor reactivity in African Americans, we studied eight healthy aerobically-trained normotensive African-American females and five similar sedentary females. The stress stimuli consisted of the cold pressor test with the foot immersed in ice water for two minutes. The aerobic exercise training protocol consisted of six weeks of jogging at 60-70% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peek), three days/week for 35 min/exercise session. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were measured. Manifestation of a training effect was illustrated by a 24.1 ± 0.2% increase in VO2peek (26.9 ± 1.2 mL·kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) (P<.05) Within the exercise-trained group there was a 6.3 ± .15% decrease in systolic pressure (129 ± 4.6 mm Hg vs. 121 ± 5.4 mm Hg) (P<.05), and a 5.0 ± .05% decrement in mean arterial blood pressure (99 ± 3.3 mm Hg vs 94 ± 3.6 mm Hg) (P<.05) during the cold pressor test. Pressor reactivity to cold stress did not change in the untrained group. Measures of heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were unaltered during conditions of the cold pressor test. We conclude that aerobic exercise attenuates the blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress in young, adult normotensive African-American females. A lifestyle change such as exercising may play a role in reducing the risk of hypertension in African-American women.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1049-510X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-0826</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10355479</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Black or African American ; Black People ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Cold Temperature - adverse effects ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Therapy - methods ; Female ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Humans ; Hypertension - diagnosis ; Hypertension - genetics ; Hypertension - physiopathology ; Hypertension - prevention & control ; Life Style ; Original Reports ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Vascular Resistance - physiology</subject><ispartof>Ethnicity & disease, 1999, Vol.9 (1), p.104-110</ispartof><rights>1999 International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/45410150$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/45410150$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,804,58022,58255</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10355479$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bond, Vernon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mills, Richard M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caprarola, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaccaro, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adams, R. George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blakely, Raymond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roltsch, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatfield, Bradley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Gwendolyn C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franks, B. Don</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fairfax, Johnnie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banks, Marshall</creatorcontrib><title>Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Blood Pressure Reactivity to Cold Pressor Test in Normotensive, Young Adult African-American Women</title><title>Ethnicity & disease</title><addtitle>Ethn Dis</addtitle><description>Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress has been observed in the African-American population, and such a pressor response is believed to play a role in hypertension. Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to exert an anti-hypertensive effect, and this may alter the blood pressure hyperreactivity observed in African Americans. To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise attenuates pressor reactivity in African Americans, we studied eight healthy aerobically-trained normotensive African-American females and five similar sedentary females. The stress stimuli consisted of the cold pressor test with the foot immersed in ice water for two minutes. The aerobic exercise training protocol consisted of six weeks of jogging at 60-70% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peek), three days/week for 35 min/exercise session. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were measured. Manifestation of a training effect was illustrated by a 24.1 ± 0.2% increase in VO2peek (26.9 ± 1.2 mL·kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) (P<.05) Within the exercise-trained group there was a 6.3 ± .15% decrease in systolic pressure (129 ± 4.6 mm Hg vs. 121 ± 5.4 mm Hg) (P<.05), and a 5.0 ± .05% decrement in mean arterial blood pressure (99 ± 3.3 mm Hg vs 94 ± 3.6 mm Hg) (P<.05) during the cold pressor test. Pressor reactivity to cold stress did not change in the untrained group. Measures of heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were unaltered during conditions of the cold pressor test. We conclude that aerobic exercise attenuates the blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress in young, adult normotensive African-American females. A lifestyle change such as exercising may play a role in reducing the risk of hypertension in African-American women.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Black or African American</subject><subject>Black People</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Cold Temperature - adverse effects</subject><subject>Exercise Test</subject><subject>Exercise Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hypertension - genetics</subject><subject>Hypertension - physiopathology</subject><subject>Hypertension - prevention & control</subject><subject>Life Style</subject><subject>Original Reports</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Vascular Resistance - physiology</subject><issn>1049-510X</issn><issn>1945-0826</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE1Lw0AQhoMotlZ_grInTwb2s9kcY6kfUFSkop7C7mYiW5Js3d0Ue_G3G2z1NA-8zwzDe5CMSc5FiiWdHg6MeZ4Kgt9GyUkIK4ypEJwfJyOC2UBZPk6-C_BOW4PmX-CNDYCKGKHrVYSArhvnKvTkIYTeA3oGZaLd2LhF0aGZa_aZ82gJISLboQfnWzfsB7uBK_Tu-u4DFVXfRFTU3hrVpUULv4BeXQvdaXJUqybA2X5Okpeb-XJ2ly4eb-9nxSJdEc5jCpXIiZCEMmYE1LmuJGaS08rorMZAidaZwJLRTGVU5mqqGWRGM81qSQzFbJJc7u6uvfvsh2fL1gYDTaM6cH0op3mWcynEIF7sxV63UJVrb1vlt-VfY4NwvhNWITr_n3PBCSYCsx_zaXNr</recordid><startdate>1999</startdate><enddate>1999</enddate><creator>Bond, Vernon</creator><creator>Mills, Richard M.</creator><creator>Caprarola, Michael</creator><creator>Vaccaro, Paul</creator><creator>Adams, R. 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Don ; Fairfax, Johnnie ; Banks, Marshall</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-j144t-ed591581233c5ef9bd803842dcb7f0e21bb7508327a7289a6b3e7cb3b3f81c203</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Black or African American</topic><topic>Black People</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - physiology</topic><topic>Cold Temperature - adverse effects</topic><topic>Exercise Test</topic><topic>Exercise Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension - diagnosis</topic><topic>Hypertension - genetics</topic><topic>Hypertension - physiopathology</topic><topic>Hypertension - prevention & control</topic><topic>Life Style</topic><topic>Original Reports</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Vascular Resistance - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bond, Vernon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mills, Richard M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caprarola, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaccaro, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adams, R. George</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blakely, Raymond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roltsch, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hatfield, Bradley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Gwendolyn C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franks, B. Don</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fairfax, Johnnie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banks, Marshall</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Ethnicity & disease</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bond, Vernon</au><au>Mills, Richard M.</au><au>Caprarola, Michael</au><au>Vaccaro, Paul</au><au>Adams, R. George</au><au>Blakely, Raymond</au><au>Roltsch, Mark</au><au>Hatfield, Bradley</au><au>Davis, Gwendolyn C.</au><au>Franks, B. Don</au><au>Fairfax, Johnnie</au><au>Banks, Marshall</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Blood Pressure Reactivity to Cold Pressor Test in Normotensive, Young Adult African-American Women</atitle><jtitle>Ethnicity & disease</jtitle><addtitle>Ethn Dis</addtitle><date>1999</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>104</spage><epage>110</epage><pages>104-110</pages><issn>1049-510X</issn><eissn>1945-0826</eissn><abstract>Exaggerated blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress has been observed in the African-American population, and such a pressor response is believed to play a role in hypertension. Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to exert an anti-hypertensive effect, and this may alter the blood pressure hyperreactivity observed in African Americans. To test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise attenuates pressor reactivity in African Americans, we studied eight healthy aerobically-trained normotensive African-American females and five similar sedentary females. The stress stimuli consisted of the cold pressor test with the foot immersed in ice water for two minutes. The aerobic exercise training protocol consisted of six weeks of jogging at 60-70% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peek), three days/week for 35 min/exercise session. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were measured. Manifestation of a training effect was illustrated by a 24.1 ± 0.2% increase in VO2peek (26.9 ± 1.2 mL·kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) (P<.05) Within the exercise-trained group there was a 6.3 ± .15% decrease in systolic pressure (129 ± 4.6 mm Hg vs. 121 ± 5.4 mm Hg) (P<.05), and a 5.0 ± .05% decrement in mean arterial blood pressure (99 ± 3.3 mm Hg vs 94 ± 3.6 mm Hg) (P<.05) during the cold pressor test. Pressor reactivity to cold stress did not change in the untrained group. Measures of heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and forearm blood flow were unaltered during conditions of the cold pressor test. We conclude that aerobic exercise attenuates the blood pressure reactivity to behavioral stress in young, adult normotensive African-American females. A lifestyle change such as exercising may play a role in reducing the risk of hypertension in African-American women.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The International Society on Hypertension in Blacks, Inc</pub><pmid>10355479</pmid><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Black or African American Black People Blood Pressure - physiology Cold Temperature - adverse effects Exercise Test Exercise Therapy - methods Female Heart Rate - physiology Humans Hypertension - diagnosis Hypertension - genetics Hypertension - physiopathology Hypertension - prevention & control Life Style Original Reports Oxygen Consumption - physiology Vascular Resistance - physiology |
| title | Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Blood Pressure Reactivity to Cold Pressor Test in Normotensive, Young Adult African-American Women |
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