Performance on the Modified Card Sorting Test by normal, healthy individuals: Relationship to general intellectual ability and demographic variables
Objectives. The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), and to examine the relationship between performance on this task, general intellectual ability and demographic variables. Design. A sample of 146 healthy individuals was tested with a demographi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of clinical psychology 1999-03, Vol.38 (1), p.27-41 |
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| container_title | British journal of clinical psychology |
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| creator | Obonsawin, M. C. Crawford, J. R. Page, J. Chalmers, P. Low, G. Marsh, P. |
| description | Objectives. The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), and to examine the relationship between performance on this task, general intellectual ability and demographic variables.
Design. A sample of 146 healthy individuals was tested with a demographic distribution (age, sex, socioeconomic class) similar to that of the British population.
Methods. The MCST and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales‐ Revised were administered to 146 people aged between 16 and 75 years.
Results. Most people (56.6) completed six categories, and many people made perseverative errors. Approximately 8 of the participants made over 50 perseverative errors. Performance on the MCST varied with age, years of education and general intellectual ability. Individuals with a Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) below 100 showed much more variability in performance than individuals with an FSIQ over 100. Detailed percentile norms for the performance on different indices of the test are presented.
Conclusions. The performance of individuals on the MCST is more closely associated with general intellectual ability than with demographic variables. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1348/014466599162647 |
| format | Article |
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Design. A sample of 146 healthy individuals was tested with a demographic distribution (age, sex, socioeconomic class) similar to that of the British population.
Methods. The MCST and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales‐ Revised were administered to 146 people aged between 16 and 75 years.
Results. Most people (56.6) completed six categories, and many people made perseverative errors. Approximately 8 of the participants made over 50 perseverative errors. Performance on the MCST varied with age, years of education and general intellectual ability. Individuals with a Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) below 100 showed much more variability in performance than individuals with an FSIQ over 100. Detailed percentile norms for the performance on different indices of the test are presented.
Conclusions. The performance of individuals on the MCST is more closely associated with general intellectual ability than with demographic variables.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0144-6657</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2044-8260</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1348/014466599162647</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10212735</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJCPDW</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; Clinical psychology ; Cognition. Intelligence ; Demography ; Education ; Female ; Frontal lobes ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Health ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Intelligence quotient ; Intelligence Tests - standards ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Modified Card Sorting Test ; Neuropsychological tests ; Psychology ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Psychometrics ; Psychomotor Performance - classification ; Reference Values ; Relationship ; Sex Distribution ; Social Class ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; United Kingdom</subject><ispartof>British journal of clinical psychology, 1999-03, Vol.38 (1), p.27-41</ispartof><rights>1999 The British Psychological Society</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright British Psychological Society Mar 1999</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4914-dafdb88debca8c2ac31f5c502bb422a3d5d9d2193f621174a6d6a15046ffbd6b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1348%2F014466599162647$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1348%2F014466599162647$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,12826,27903,27904,30978,30979,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1732461$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10212735$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Obonsawin, M. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crawford, J. R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Page, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chalmers, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marsh, P.</creatorcontrib><title>Performance on the Modified Card Sorting Test by normal, healthy individuals: Relationship to general intellectual ability and demographic variables</title><title>British journal of clinical psychology</title><addtitle>Br J Clin Psychol</addtitle><description>Objectives. The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), and to examine the relationship between performance on this task, general intellectual ability and demographic variables.
Design. A sample of 146 healthy individuals was tested with a demographic distribution (age, sex, socioeconomic class) similar to that of the British population.
Methods. The MCST and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales‐ Revised were administered to 146 people aged between 16 and 75 years.
Results. Most people (56.6) completed six categories, and many people made perseverative errors. Approximately 8 of the participants made over 50 perseverative errors. Performance on the MCST varied with age, years of education and general intellectual ability. Individuals with a Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) below 100 showed much more variability in performance than individuals with an FSIQ over 100. Detailed percentile norms for the performance on different indices of the test are presented.
Conclusions. The performance of individuals on the MCST is more closely associated with general intellectual ability than with demographic variables.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Clinical psychology</subject><subject>Cognition. Intelligence</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Frontal lobes</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Health</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Intelligence quotient</subject><subject>Intelligence Tests - standards</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Modified Card Sorting Test</subject><subject>Neuropsychological tests</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance - classification</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Relationship</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Statistics, Nonparametric</subject><subject>United Kingdom</subject><issn>0144-6657</issn><issn>2044-8260</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U2P0zAQBuAIgdiycOaGLIQ4EdZfcRJuUEEBFVhgEdysie20Xpy42MlC_gc_GFepAO2lJx_mmXc8miy7T_BTwnh1hgnnQhR1TQQVvLyRLSjmPK-owDezxb6ap3J5kt2J8RJjwhhmt7MTgimhJSsW2e9zE1ofOuiVQb5Hw9agd17b1hqNlhA0-uzDYPsNujBxQM2E-r12T9DWgBu2E7K9tldWj-DiM_TJOBis7-PW7tDg0cb0JoBLaDDOGTUkhqCxzg4Tgl4jbTq_CbDbWoWuIFhonIl3s1ttijP3Du9p9uXVy4vl63z9YfVm-XydK14TnmtodVNV2jQKKkVBMdIWqsC0aTilwHSha01JzVpBCSk5CC2AFJiLtm20aNhp9njO3QX_Y0z7yc5GlT4KvfFjlKIuCeG0PgqLkok0kh2FrEqJVV0l-PAavPRj6NO2kpJKcCzqfdrZjFTwMQbTyl2wHYRJEiz395fX7p86Hhxix6Yz-j8_HzyBRwcAUYFrQzq8jf9cySgXJDEys5_WmenYWPni7ZKnnnzusXEwv_72QPguRcnKQn59v5K8Xp-vvuGPcs3-AO4f1qE</recordid><startdate>199903</startdate><enddate>199903</enddate><creator>Obonsawin, M. 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R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Page, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chalmers, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marsh, P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Sociology Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Sociology Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>British journal of clinical psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Obonsawin, M. C.</au><au>Crawford, J. R.</au><au>Page, J.</au><au>Chalmers, P.</au><au>Low, G.</au><au>Marsh, P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Performance on the Modified Card Sorting Test by normal, healthy individuals: Relationship to general intellectual ability and demographic variables</atitle><jtitle>British journal of clinical psychology</jtitle><addtitle>Br J Clin Psychol</addtitle><date>1999-03</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>27</spage><epage>41</epage><pages>27-41</pages><issn>0144-6657</issn><eissn>2044-8260</eissn><coden>BJCPDW</coden><abstract>Objectives. The aim of this study was to obtain normative data for the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), and to examine the relationship between performance on this task, general intellectual ability and demographic variables.
Design. A sample of 146 healthy individuals was tested with a demographic distribution (age, sex, socioeconomic class) similar to that of the British population.
Methods. The MCST and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales‐ Revised were administered to 146 people aged between 16 and 75 years.
Results. Most people (56.6) completed six categories, and many people made perseverative errors. Approximately 8 of the participants made over 50 perseverative errors. Performance on the MCST varied with age, years of education and general intellectual ability. Individuals with a Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) below 100 showed much more variability in performance than individuals with an FSIQ over 100. Detailed percentile norms for the performance on different indices of the test are presented.
Conclusions. The performance of individuals on the MCST is more closely associated with general intellectual ability than with demographic variables.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>10212735</pmid><doi>10.1348/014466599162647</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Aged Biological and medical sciences Clinical psychology Cognition. Intelligence Demography Education Female Frontal lobes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Health Humans Intelligence Intelligence quotient Intelligence Tests - standards Male Middle Aged Modified Card Sorting Test Neuropsychological tests Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Psychometrics Psychomotor Performance - classification Reference Values Relationship Sex Distribution Social Class Statistics, Nonparametric United Kingdom |
| title | Performance on the Modified Card Sorting Test by normal, healthy individuals: Relationship to general intellectual ability and demographic variables |
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