Characteristic Patterns of Fatigue Feelings on Four Simulated Consecutive Night Shifts by "Jikaku-sho Shirabe"

The aim of the present study was to reveal characteristic patterns of fatigue feelings on consecutive night shifts by a questionnaire for work-related fatigue feelings "Jikaku-sho shirabe". Ten healthy males (Mean ± SD: 22.9 ± 3.2 years old) participated in the experiment. Participants were required to attend the laboratory for nine consecutive nights under the following conditions: adaptation sleep (0:00-7:00), simulated day shift (10:00-18:00), baseline sleep (0:00-7:00), directly followed by four simulated night shifts (22:00-9:00) and the subsequent daytime sleep (12:00-18:00), three recovery nights (0:00-7:00) and two simulated day shifts (10:00-18:00). During each simulated shift, participants were required to complete an English transcription task (30 min), a performance test battery (20 min) and break (10min) every hour. Fatigue feelings were evaluated by "Jikaku-sho shirabe", which was proposed by the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee of the Japan Occupational Health in 2002. This questionnaire consists of 25 subjective fatigue symptom items that are categorized into 5 factors: feeling of drowsiness (Factor I), feeling of instability (Factor II), feeling of uneasiness (Factor III), feeling of local pain or dullness (Factor IV), and feeling of eyestrain (Factor V). For each item, respondents are requested to estimate the intensity of the feelings as "Disagree at all," "Agree scarcely," "Agree slightly," "Agree considerably," and "Agree strongly." These five intensities were assigned scores of 1 to 5 points, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis suggested that there might be at least three variation patterns of fatigue feelings on the consecutive night shifts (i.e. Clusters A, B and C). On the basis of subjective fatigue symptom items of each cluster, the patterns in Clusters A, B and C might reflect the loads of the reticular activating system, musculoskeletal and central nervous systems, and limbic system, respectively. For Clusters A and C, significant improvements were observed with the increase of the number of night shifts (F(11,99)=3.07, p