Intestinal Microbial Contribution to Metabolic Leucine Input in Adult Men
New estimates of the indispensable amino acid requirements of adult humans are much higher than previously thought and questions the adequacy of cereal-based diets of low protein quality. However, dietary amino acid requirements may be supplemented by contributions from the intestinal microbiota. Th...
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Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of nutrition 2008-11, Vol.138 (11), p.2217-2221 |
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description | New estimates of the indispensable amino acid requirements of adult humans are much higher than previously thought and questions the adequacy of cereal-based diets of low protein quality. However, dietary amino acid requirements may be supplemented by contributions from the intestinal microbiota. This study measured the contribution of intestinal microbes to leucine input in healthy adult men. Fourteen adult men were studied during each of 2 11-d periods (before and after intestinal antimicrobial treatment), in which leucine was supplied at 1.25 times the estimated average requirement (EAR) (d 1-7) and at 2.5 times the EAR (d 8-11) providing an L-amino acid diet. We estimated fasting- and fed-state leucine oxidation on d 7 and d 11 using a ¹³C-leucine tracer infusion. The microbial contribution to body leucine input was calculated from the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake and the reduction in leucine oxidation after antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrobial treatment did not affect the slope of the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake. Mean and fed-state leucine oxidation declined by ~13 and 20%, respectively (both P < 0.05) after antimicrobial treatment with the 1.25 EAR diet, but not with the 2.5 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body leucine input was estimated to be between 19 and 22% at the 1.25 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body amino acid homeostasis may be significant at maintenance intakes, but its long-term nutritional importance remains to be determined. |
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However, dietary amino acid requirements may be supplemented by contributions from the intestinal microbiota. This study measured the contribution of intestinal microbes to leucine input in healthy adult men. Fourteen adult men were studied during each of 2 11-d periods (before and after intestinal antimicrobial treatment), in which leucine was supplied at 1.25 times the estimated average requirement (EAR) (d 1-7) and at 2.5 times the EAR (d 8-11) providing an L-amino acid diet. We estimated fasting- and fed-state leucine oxidation on d 7 and d 11 using a ¹³C-leucine tracer infusion. The microbial contribution to body leucine input was calculated from the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake and the reduction in leucine oxidation after antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrobial treatment did not affect the slope of the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake. Mean and fed-state leucine oxidation declined by ~13 and 20%, respectively (both P < 0.05) after antimicrobial treatment with the 1.25 EAR diet, but not with the 2.5 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body leucine input was estimated to be between 19 and 22% at the 1.25 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body amino acid homeostasis may be significant at maintenance intakes, but its long-term nutritional importance remains to be determined.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3166</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-6100</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.093021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18936222</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JONUAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: American Society for Nutrition</publisher><subject>Adult ; adults ; amino acid metabolism ; amino acid requirements ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; antimicrobial properties ; Bacteria - drug effects ; Bacteria - metabolism ; Biological and medical sciences ; cereal-based diets ; Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology ; dietary protein ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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However, dietary amino acid requirements may be supplemented by contributions from the intestinal microbiota. This study measured the contribution of intestinal microbes to leucine input in healthy adult men. Fourteen adult men were studied during each of 2 11-d periods (before and after intestinal antimicrobial treatment), in which leucine was supplied at 1.25 times the estimated average requirement (EAR) (d 1-7) and at 2.5 times the EAR (d 8-11) providing an L-amino acid diet. We estimated fasting- and fed-state leucine oxidation on d 7 and d 11 using a ¹³C-leucine tracer infusion. The microbial contribution to body leucine input was calculated from the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake and the reduction in leucine oxidation after antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrobial treatment did not affect the slope of the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake. Mean and fed-state leucine oxidation declined by ~13 and 20%, respectively (both P < 0.05) after antimicrobial treatment with the 1.25 EAR diet, but not with the 2.5 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body leucine input was estimated to be between 19 and 22% at the 1.25 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body amino acid homeostasis may be significant at maintenance intakes, but its long-term nutritional importance remains to be determined.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>adults</subject><subject>amino acid metabolism</subject><subject>amino acid requirements</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>antimicrobial properties</subject><subject>Bacteria - drug effects</subject><subject>Bacteria - metabolism</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cereal-based diets</subject><subject>Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology</subject><subject>dietary protein</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>homeostasis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>intestinal microorganisms</subject><subject>Intestines - microbiology</subject><subject>leucine</subject><subject>Leucine - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>men</subject><subject>nutrition physiology</subject><subject>oxidation</subject><subject>protein intake</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>0022-3166</issn><issn>1541-6100</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpF0LFu2zAQBmCiaFE7acesiZZkk3s8UjQ5BkbaCrCRIfUskBQZ0JApR6SGvn1Y2EhvuRs-HO5-Qm4orJjizY9DXFGQK1AMkH4iS9pwWgsK8JksARBrRoVYkKuUDgBAuZJfyYJKxQQiLknbxuxSDlEP1S7YaTShTJsx5imYOYcxVnmsdi5rMw7BVls32xBd1cbTnKsQq8d-HnIB8Rv54vWQ3PdLvyb7n09_Nr_r7fOvdvO4rS2TPNfSeY-99uhQoRBoGdXCOOb6ptHU9FZzodeeKm5KoZEKqdS9NNb11jPFrsnDee9pGt_mcnt3DMm6YdDRjXPqhBKKMxAF1mdYvkppcr47TeGop78dhe5fdt0hllF25-yKv70sns3R9f_1JawC7i9AJ6sHP-loQ_pwCBIbYOvi7s7O67HTr1Mx-xcEyoA2DW84sndRcIDK</recordid><startdate>20081101</startdate><enddate>20081101</enddate><creator>Raj, Tony</creator><creator>Dileep, Uma</creator><creator>Vaz, Mario</creator><creator>Fuller, Malcolm F</creator><creator>Kurpad, Anura V</creator><general>American Society for Nutrition</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20081101</creationdate><title>Intestinal Microbial Contribution to Metabolic Leucine Input in Adult Men</title><author>Raj, Tony ; Dileep, Uma ; Vaz, Mario ; Fuller, Malcolm F ; Kurpad, Anura V</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-8eff2daf2e292662c31a6be3ed55a1bdca46a7f194bbbb2b89218ad8bcedcf393</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>adults</topic><topic>amino acid metabolism</topic><topic>amino acid requirements</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>antimicrobial properties</topic><topic>Bacteria - drug effects</topic><topic>Bacteria - metabolism</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cereal-based diets</topic><topic>Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology</topic><topic>dietary protein</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>homeostasis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>intestinal microorganisms</topic><topic>Intestines - microbiology</topic><topic>leucine</topic><topic>Leucine - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>men</topic><topic>nutrition physiology</topic><topic>oxidation</topic><topic>protein intake</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Raj, Tony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dileep, Uma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaz, Mario</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuller, Malcolm F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurpad, Anura V</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Raj, Tony</au><au>Dileep, Uma</au><au>Vaz, Mario</au><au>Fuller, Malcolm F</au><au>Kurpad, Anura V</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Intestinal Microbial Contribution to Metabolic Leucine Input in Adult Men</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>J Nutr</addtitle><date>2008-11-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>138</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2217</spage><epage>2221</epage><pages>2217-2221</pages><issn>0022-3166</issn><eissn>1541-6100</eissn><coden>JONUAI</coden><abstract>New estimates of the indispensable amino acid requirements of adult humans are much higher than previously thought and questions the adequacy of cereal-based diets of low protein quality. However, dietary amino acid requirements may be supplemented by contributions from the intestinal microbiota. This study measured the contribution of intestinal microbes to leucine input in healthy adult men. Fourteen adult men were studied during each of 2 11-d periods (before and after intestinal antimicrobial treatment), in which leucine was supplied at 1.25 times the estimated average requirement (EAR) (d 1-7) and at 2.5 times the EAR (d 8-11) providing an L-amino acid diet. We estimated fasting- and fed-state leucine oxidation on d 7 and d 11 using a ¹³C-leucine tracer infusion. The microbial contribution to body leucine input was calculated from the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake and the reduction in leucine oxidation after antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrobial treatment did not affect the slope of the relationship of leucine oxidation to leucine intake. Mean and fed-state leucine oxidation declined by ~13 and 20%, respectively (both P < 0.05) after antimicrobial treatment with the 1.25 EAR diet, but not with the 2.5 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body leucine input was estimated to be between 19 and 22% at the 1.25 EAR diet. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to body amino acid homeostasis may be significant at maintenance intakes, but its long-term nutritional importance remains to be determined.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>American Society for Nutrition</pub><pmid>18936222</pmid><doi>10.3945/jn.108.093021</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult adults amino acid metabolism amino acid requirements Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology antimicrobial properties Bacteria - drug effects Bacteria - metabolism Biological and medical sciences cereal-based diets Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology dietary protein Feeding. Feeding behavior Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology homeostasis Humans intestinal microorganisms Intestines - microbiology leucine Leucine - biosynthesis Male men nutrition physiology oxidation protein intake Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
title | Intestinal Microbial Contribution to Metabolic Leucine Input in Adult Men |
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