Comparative study and expression analysis of the interferon gamma gene locus cytokines in Xenopus tropicalis
Using bioinformatics approach, the genome locus containing interleukin (IL)-22, IL-26, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) genes has been identified in the amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis. Like that in other vertebrates such as fish, birds, and mammals, the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ are clustered in th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Immunogenetics (New York) 2008-11, Vol.60 (11), p.699-710 |
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| description | Using bioinformatics approach, the genome locus containing interleukin (IL)-22, IL-26, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) genes has been identified in the amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis. Like that in other vertebrates such as fish, birds, and mammals, the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ are clustered in the same chromosome and the adjacent genes are conserved. The genomic structures of the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ gene were identical to that of their mammalian counterparts. The Xenopus IL-22 and IL-26 genes contained five exons and four introns while the Xenopus IFN-γ gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ share 14.1-41.6%, 14.6-31.2%, and 23.7-36.5% identity to their counterparts in other species, respectively. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the expression of IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ genes was significantly upregulated after simulation with bacterial polyliposaccharide and/or synthetic double-stranded poly(I:C), suggesting these cytokines like those in other vertebrates play an important role in regulating immune response in Xenopus. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00251-008-0326-y |
| format | Article |
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T ; Nie, P</creator><creatorcontrib>Qi, Z. T ; Nie, P</creatorcontrib><description>Using bioinformatics approach, the genome locus containing interleukin (IL)-22, IL-26, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) genes has been identified in the amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis. Like that in other vertebrates such as fish, birds, and mammals, the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ are clustered in the same chromosome and the adjacent genes are conserved. The genomic structures of the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ gene were identical to that of their mammalian counterparts. The Xenopus IL-22 and IL-26 genes contained five exons and four introns while the Xenopus IFN-γ gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ share 14.1-41.6%, 14.6-31.2%, and 23.7-36.5% identity to their counterparts in other species, respectively. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the expression of IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ genes was significantly upregulated after simulation with bacterial polyliposaccharide and/or synthetic double-stranded poly(I:C), suggesting these cytokines like those in other vertebrates play an important role in regulating immune response in Xenopus.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0093-7711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1211</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00251-008-0326-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18726591</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Allergology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Bioinformatics ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cell Biology ; Comparative studies ; Conserved Sequence ; Exons - genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Function ; Human Genetics ; Humans ; Immune response ; Immunology ; Interferon gamma ; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis ; Interferon-gamma - genetics ; Interleukin 22 ; Interleukin 26 ; Interleukins - genetics ; Introns - genetics ; Mammals ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Original Paper ; Phylogeny ; Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Species Specificity ; Transcription Factors - metabolism ; Vertebrates ; Vertebrates - genetics ; Xenopus - genetics ; Xenopus tropicalis</subject><ispartof>Immunogenetics (New York), 2008-11, Vol.60 (11), p.699-710</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-fbecf47d4d2ad8dddbbcdc8ac9e6b589b84274864c0b52637b7c2693984e479b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-fbecf47d4d2ad8dddbbcdc8ac9e6b589b84274864c0b52637b7c2693984e479b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00251-008-0326-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00251-008-0326-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18726591$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Qi, Z. T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nie, P</creatorcontrib><title>Comparative study and expression analysis of the interferon gamma gene locus cytokines in Xenopus tropicalis</title><title>Immunogenetics (New York)</title><addtitle>Immunogenetics</addtitle><addtitle>Immunogenetics</addtitle><description>Using bioinformatics approach, the genome locus containing interleukin (IL)-22, IL-26, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) genes has been identified in the amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis. Like that in other vertebrates such as fish, birds, and mammals, the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ are clustered in the same chromosome and the adjacent genes are conserved. The genomic structures of the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ gene were identical to that of their mammalian counterparts. The Xenopus IL-22 and IL-26 genes contained five exons and four introns while the Xenopus IFN-γ gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ share 14.1-41.6%, 14.6-31.2%, and 23.7-36.5% identity to their counterparts in other species, respectively. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the expression of IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ genes was significantly upregulated after simulation with bacterial polyliposaccharide and/or synthetic double-stranded poly(I:C), suggesting these cytokines like those in other vertebrates play an important role in regulating immune response in Xenopus.</description><subject>Allergology</subject><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Binding Sites</subject><subject>Bioinformatics</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cell Biology</subject><subject>Comparative studies</subject><subject>Conserved Sequence</subject><subject>Exons - genetics</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Gene Function</subject><subject>Human Genetics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Interferon gamma</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Interferon-gamma - genetics</subject><subject>Interleukin 22</subject><subject>Interleukin 26</subject><subject>Interleukins - genetics</subject><subject>Introns - genetics</subject><subject>Mammals</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics</subject><subject>Sequence Alignment</subject><subject>Sequence Homology, Amino Acid</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Vertebrates - genetics</subject><subject>Xenopus - genetics</subject><subject>Xenopus tropicalis</subject><issn>0093-7711</issn><issn>1432-1211</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU2L1TAUhoMozp3RH-BGi4vZVfPR5mMpF79gwIUOuAtpcnrN2DY1pxX7783QCwMuXIXkPO8bkoeQF4y-YZSqt0gpb1lNqa6p4LLeHpEDawSvGWfsMTlQakStFGMX5BLxjlLWGi6fkgumFZetYQcyHNM4u-yW-BsqXNawVW4KFfyZMyDGNJWtGzaMWKW-Wn5AFacFcg-5jE5uHF11ggmqIfkVK78t6WecAAtVfYcpzeVwyWmO3g0Rn5EnvRsQnp_XK3L74f2346f65svHz8d3N7UXRix134HvGxWawF3QIYSu88Fr5w3IrtWm0w1XjZaNp13LpVCd8lwaYXQDjTKduCLXe--c068VcLFjRA_D4CZIK1pppBZatwV8_Q94l9ZcHoyWM8oaZrQsENshnxNiht7OOY4ub5ZRe-_B7h5s8WDvPditZF6ei9duhPCQOH98AfgOYBlNJ8gPN_-v9dUe6l2y7pQj2tuvnDJRxCqlWy3-AhtNnxA</recordid><startdate>20081101</startdate><enddate>20081101</enddate><creator>Qi, Z. 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T</au><au>Nie, P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative study and expression analysis of the interferon gamma gene locus cytokines in Xenopus tropicalis</atitle><jtitle>Immunogenetics (New York)</jtitle><stitle>Immunogenetics</stitle><addtitle>Immunogenetics</addtitle><date>2008-11-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>699</spage><epage>710</epage><pages>699-710</pages><issn>0093-7711</issn><eissn>1432-1211</eissn><abstract>Using bioinformatics approach, the genome locus containing interleukin (IL)-22, IL-26, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) genes has been identified in the amphibian, Xenopus tropicalis. Like that in other vertebrates such as fish, birds, and mammals, the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ are clustered in the same chromosome and the adjacent genes are conserved. The genomic structures of the Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ gene were identical to that of their mammalian counterparts. The Xenopus IL-22 and IL-26 genes contained five exons and four introns while the Xenopus IFN-γ gene consisted of four exons and three introns. The Xenopus IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ share 14.1-41.6%, 14.6-31.2%, and 23.7-36.5% identity to their counterparts in other species, respectively. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the expression of IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-γ genes was significantly upregulated after simulation with bacterial polyliposaccharide and/or synthetic double-stranded poly(I:C), suggesting these cytokines like those in other vertebrates play an important role in regulating immune response in Xenopus.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>18726591</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00251-008-0326-y</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Allergology Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Binding Sites Bioinformatics Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cell Biology Comparative studies Conserved Sequence Exons - genetics Gene Expression Profiling Gene Function Human Genetics Humans Immune response Immunology Interferon gamma Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis Interferon-gamma - genetics Interleukin 22 Interleukin 26 Interleukins - genetics Introns - genetics Mammals Molecular Sequence Data Original Paper Phylogeny Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Species Specificity Transcription Factors - metabolism Vertebrates Vertebrates - genetics Xenopus - genetics Xenopus tropicalis |
| title | Comparative study and expression analysis of the interferon gamma gene locus cytokines in Xenopus tropicalis |
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