Retention of heroin and morphine–6β–glucuronide analgesia in a new line of mice lacking exon 1 of MOR–1

Morphine produces analgesia by activating mu opioid receptors encoded by the MOR–1 gene. Although morphine–6β–glucuronide (M6G), heroin and 6–acetylmorphine also are considered mu opioids, recent evidence suggests that they act through a distinct receptor mechanism. We examined this question in knoc...

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