Nosocomial infections after pediatric cardiac surgery

Background This study examined the rate of nosocomial infection (NI) in children who underwent cardiac surgery, and also investigated the impact of postdischarge infection surveillance. Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) also were evaluated. Methods All patients who underwent open-hear...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of infection control 2008-10, Vol.36 (8), p.564-569
Hauptverfasser: Sarvikivi, Emmi, MD, Lyytikäinen, Outi, MD, PhD, Nieminen, Heta, MD, Sairanen, Heikki, MD, PhD, Saxén, Harri, MD, PhD
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container_end_page 569
container_issue 8
container_start_page 564
container_title American journal of infection control
container_volume 36
creator Sarvikivi, Emmi, MD
Lyytikäinen, Outi, MD, PhD
Nieminen, Heta, MD
Sairanen, Heikki, MD, PhD
Saxén, Harri, MD, PhD
description Background This study examined the rate of nosocomial infection (NI) in children who underwent cardiac surgery, and also investigated the impact of postdischarge infection surveillance. Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) also were evaluated. Methods All patients who underwent open-heart cardiac surgery in the Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, between January 2000 and December 2002 were included. Data were collected retrospectively from hospital registries. A prospective postdischarge survey was conducted to detect SSIs arising within 30 days after surgery, as well as respiratory and gastrointestinal infections with onset within 3 days after discharge. Results The study included 614 procedures performed in 511 patients. A total of 80 NIs were found (overall NI rate, 6.3 per 1000 patient days), including 21 superficial and 6 deep SSIs. Multivariable analysis identified preoperative hospitalization > 48 hours and high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score as risk factors for SSI. The postdischarge study revealed 7 additional superficial SSIs, 29 respiratory infections, and 29 gastrointestinal infections; 12 patients required rehospitalization. Conclusions Almost 25% of the patients had at least 1 NI. All severe NIs were detected during the postoperative hospital stay. Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were common and often led to rehospitalization, thus increasing costs.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ajic.2007.11.006
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Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) also were evaluated. Methods All patients who underwent open-heart cardiac surgery in the Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, between January 2000 and December 2002 were included. Data were collected retrospectively from hospital registries. A prospective postdischarge survey was conducted to detect SSIs arising within 30 days after surgery, as well as respiratory and gastrointestinal infections with onset within 3 days after discharge. Results The study included 614 procedures performed in 511 patients. A total of 80 NIs were found (overall NI rate, 6.3 per 1000 patient days), including 21 superficial and 6 deep SSIs. Multivariable analysis identified preoperative hospitalization &gt; 48 hours and high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score as risk factors for SSI. The postdischarge study revealed 7 additional superficial SSIs, 29 respiratory infections, and 29 gastrointestinal infections; 12 patients required rehospitalization. Conclusions Almost 25% of the patients had at least 1 NI. All severe NIs were detected during the postoperative hospital stay. Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were common and often led to rehospitalization, thus increasing costs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0196-6553</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1527-3296</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2007.11.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18926309</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>St. Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Academic Medical Centers ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child, Preschool ; Cross Infection - epidemiology ; Epidemiology. Vaccinations ; Finland - epidemiology ; Gastroenteritis - epidemiology ; General aspects ; Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models ; Humans ; Infant ; Infection Control ; Infectious Disease ; Infectious diseases ; Length of Stay ; Medical sciences ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. 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Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) also were evaluated. Methods All patients who underwent open-heart cardiac surgery in the Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, between January 2000 and December 2002 were included. Data were collected retrospectively from hospital registries. A prospective postdischarge survey was conducted to detect SSIs arising within 30 days after surgery, as well as respiratory and gastrointestinal infections with onset within 3 days after discharge. Results The study included 614 procedures performed in 511 patients. A total of 80 NIs were found (overall NI rate, 6.3 per 1000 patient days), including 21 superficial and 6 deep SSIs. Multivariable analysis identified preoperative hospitalization &gt; 48 hours and high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score as risk factors for SSI. The postdischarge study revealed 7 additional superficial SSIs, 29 respiratory infections, and 29 gastrointestinal infections; 12 patients required rehospitalization. Conclusions Almost 25% of the patients had at least 1 NI. All severe NIs were detected during the postoperative hospital stay. Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were common and often led to rehospitalization, thus increasing costs.</description><subject>Academic Medical Centers</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cross Infection - epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidemiology. Vaccinations</subject><subject>Finland - epidemiology</subject><subject>Gastroenteritis - epidemiology</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infection Control</subject><subject>Infectious Disease</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Length of Stay</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. 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Vaccinations</topic><topic>Finland - epidemiology</topic><topic>Gastroenteritis - epidemiology</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infection Control</topic><topic>Infectious Disease</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Length of Stay</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. 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Risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) also were evaluated. Methods All patients who underwent open-heart cardiac surgery in the Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, between January 2000 and December 2002 were included. Data were collected retrospectively from hospital registries. A prospective postdischarge survey was conducted to detect SSIs arising within 30 days after surgery, as well as respiratory and gastrointestinal infections with onset within 3 days after discharge. Results The study included 614 procedures performed in 511 patients. A total of 80 NIs were found (overall NI rate, 6.3 per 1000 patient days), including 21 superficial and 6 deep SSIs. Multivariable analysis identified preoperative hospitalization &gt; 48 hours and high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score as risk factors for SSI. 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subjects Academic Medical Centers
Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Cross Infection - epidemiology
Epidemiology. Vaccinations
Finland - epidemiology
Gastroenteritis - epidemiology
General aspects
Human infectious diseases. Experimental studies and models
Humans
Infant
Infection Control
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Length of Stay
Medical sciences
Prospective Studies
Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Surgery of the heart
Surgical Wound Infection - epidemiology
Thoracic Surgery
title Nosocomial infections after pediatric cardiac surgery
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