The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland
A scheme to control and eradicate bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) was initiated in 1994 in the Shetland Islands by local veterinary surgeons and funded by the Shetland Islands Council and Shetland Enterprise Company. Over a 3-year period every bovine animal on the islands was blood-sampled (heparinised...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary microbiology 1999, Vol.64 (2), p.223-229 |
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| creator | Synge, B.A Clark, A.M Moar, J.A.E Nicolson, J.T Nettleton, P.F Herring, J.A |
| description | A scheme to control and eradicate bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) was initiated in 1994 in the Shetland Islands by local veterinary surgeons and funded by the Shetland Islands Council and Shetland Enterprise Company. Over a 3-year period every bovine animal on the islands was blood-sampled (heparinised) and laboratory tested using MAb-based ELISAs for BVD virus antibody and antigen detection for evidence of disease. A number of BVD virus positive animals (40) were found and culled. A total of 6150 animals were tested from 213 herds and 43% herds were found to be BVD naive. The remaining herds had experienced infection and contained many BVD antibody positive animals. Some repeat sampling of stock in infected herds determined further virus positive animals which were slaughtered and in 1997 the scheme ceased since it appeared that there were no persistent excretors present. The major risk to the Shetland Islands is from bought-in stock, especially animals which are imported in calf. It is vital that all bought-in animals are tested and proven to be free of BVD virus if these animals are in calf, the calves must be tested a birth to determine status. It is strongly advised that only bulls and bulling heifers or cows are bought into Shetland in future, thus, protecting the present stock. Continued surveillance will be required to claim eradication of BVD from Shetland. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00271-5 |
| format | Article |
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Over a 3-year period every bovine animal on the islands was blood-sampled (heparinised) and laboratory tested using MAb-based ELISAs for BVD virus antibody and antigen detection for evidence of disease. A number of BVD virus positive animals (40) were found and culled. A total of 6150 animals were tested from 213 herds and 43% herds were found to be BVD naive. The remaining herds had experienced infection and contained many BVD antibody positive animals. Some repeat sampling of stock in infected herds determined further virus positive animals which were slaughtered and in 1997 the scheme ceased since it appeared that there were no persistent excretors present. The major risk to the Shetland Islands is from bought-in stock, especially animals which are imported in calf. It is vital that all bought-in animals are tested and proven to be free of BVD virus if these animals are in calf, the calves must be tested a birth to determine status. It is strongly advised that only bulls and bulling heifers or cows are bought into Shetland in future, thus, protecting the present stock. Continued surveillance will be required to claim eradication of BVD from Shetland.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2542</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00271-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10028174</identifier><identifier>CODEN: VMICDQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Animal viral diseases ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; Antigens, Viral - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; BOVIN ; Bovine diarrhea virus ; BOVINE DIARRHOEA PESTIVIRUS ; Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - epidemiology ; Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - prevention & control ; Bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) ; BVD virus ; CATTLE ; CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES ; CONTROL METHODS ; Control programme ; CONTROLE DE MALADIES ; Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - immunology ; DISEASE CONTROL ; Disease Reservoirs ; ECOSSE ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary ; Epidemiology ; Eradication scheme ; ESCOCIA ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; GANADO BOVINO ; Infectious diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; METHODE DE LUTTE ; METODOS DE CONTROL ; Microbiology ; Pestivirus ; PESTIVIRUS DE LA DIARREA BOVINA ; PESTIVIRUS MALADIE DES MUQUEUSES ; Pregnancy ; SCOTLAND ; Scotland - epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Veterinarians ; Viral diseases ; Virology</subject><ispartof>Veterinary microbiology, 1999, Vol.64 (2), p.223-229</ispartof><rights>1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-829f8d31934d405d2137cd2e1fa00cce0836a9e14d1461806d2bb635783204aa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-829f8d31934d405d2137cd2e1fa00cce0836a9e14d1461806d2bb635783204aa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378113598002715$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,3537,4010,4036,4037,23909,23910,25118,27900,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1717662$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10028174$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Midtlyng, PJ</contributor><contributor>Nyberg, O</contributor><contributor>Boersum, JB (eds)</contributor><creatorcontrib>Synge, B.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, A.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moar, J.A.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nicolson, J.T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nettleton, P.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herring, J.A</creatorcontrib><title>The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland</title><title>Veterinary microbiology</title><addtitle>Vet Microbiol</addtitle><description>A scheme to control and eradicate bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) was initiated in 1994 in the Shetland Islands by local veterinary surgeons and funded by the Shetland Islands Council and Shetland Enterprise Company. Over a 3-year period every bovine animal on the islands was blood-sampled (heparinised) and laboratory tested using MAb-based ELISAs for BVD virus antibody and antigen detection for evidence of disease. A number of BVD virus positive animals (40) were found and culled. A total of 6150 animals were tested from 213 herds and 43% herds were found to be BVD naive. The remaining herds had experienced infection and contained many BVD antibody positive animals. Some repeat sampling of stock in infected herds determined further virus positive animals which were slaughtered and in 1997 the scheme ceased since it appeared that there were no persistent excretors present. The major risk to the Shetland Islands is from bought-in stock, especially animals which are imported in calf. It is vital that all bought-in animals are tested and proven to be free of BVD virus if these animals are in calf, the calves must be tested a birth to determine status. It is strongly advised that only bulls and bulling heifers or cows are bought into Shetland in future, thus, protecting the present stock. Continued surveillance will be required to claim eradication of BVD from Shetland.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Animal viral diseases</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Monoclonal</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Antigens, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BOVIN</subject><subject>Bovine diarrhea virus</subject><subject>BOVINE DIARRHOEA PESTIVIRUS</subject><subject>Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - prevention & control</subject><subject>Bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD)</subject><subject>BVD virus</subject><subject>CATTLE</subject><subject>CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES</subject><subject>CONTROL METHODS</subject><subject>Control programme</subject><subject>CONTROLE DE MALADIES</subject><subject>Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - immunology</subject><subject>DISEASE CONTROL</subject><subject>Disease Reservoirs</subject><subject>ECOSSE</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Eradication scheme</subject><subject>ESCOCIA</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>GANADO BOVINO</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>METHODE DE LUTTE</subject><subject>METODOS DE CONTROL</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Pestivirus</subject><subject>PESTIVIRUS DE LA DIARREA BOVINA</subject><subject>PESTIVIRUS MALADIE DES MUQUEUSES</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>SCOTLAND</subject><subject>Scotland - epidemiology</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>Veterinarians</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Virology</subject><issn>0378-1135</issn><issn>1873-2542</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE2LFDEQhoMo7jj6E1b6IKKH1lS-cxJZ_IJBD7ueQyapdiI9nTXpGfDfm9ke1NseQgj1VNWbh5BLoG-Agnp7Tbk2PQCXr6x5TSnT0MsHZAVG855JwR6S1V_kgjyp9SelVFhFH5MLaLwBLVZE3-ywC3maSx67PHTbfEwTdsdUDrWLyZeyy-jP7zR11zucRz_Fp-TR4MeKz873mnz_-OHm6nO_-fbpy9X7TR-ElXNvmB1M5GC5iILKyIDrEBnC4CkNAanhylsEEUEoMFRFtt0qLrXhjArv-Zq8XObelvzrgHV2-1QDji0D5kN1ykrLOYh7QdBM8dNZE7mAoeRaCw7utqS9L78dUHdS6-7UupM3Z427U-tk63t-XnDY7jH-17W4bMCLM-Br8ONQ_BRS_cdp0Eqxhl0u2OCz8z9KQ75uwFrb5kD7zJq8W-rYtB4TFldDwilgTAXD7GJO9yT9Az2Cm4s</recordid><startdate>1999</startdate><enddate>1999</enddate><creator>Synge, B.A</creator><creator>Clark, A.M</creator><creator>Moar, J.A.E</creator><creator>Nicolson, J.T</creator><creator>Nettleton, P.F</creator><creator>Herring, J.A</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1999</creationdate><title>The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland</title><author>Synge, B.A ; Clark, A.M ; Moar, J.A.E ; Nicolson, J.T ; Nettleton, P.F ; Herring, J.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-829f8d31934d405d2137cd2e1fa00cce0836a9e14d1461806d2bb635783204aa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Animal viral diseases</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Monoclonal</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Antigens, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BOVIN</topic><topic>Bovine diarrhea virus</topic><topic>BOVINE DIARRHOEA PESTIVIRUS</topic><topic>Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - prevention & control</topic><topic>Bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD)</topic><topic>BVD virus</topic><topic>CATTLE</topic><topic>CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES</topic><topic>CONTROL METHODS</topic><topic>Control programme</topic><topic>CONTROLE DE MALADIES</topic><topic>Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - immunology</topic><topic>DISEASE CONTROL</topic><topic>Disease Reservoirs</topic><topic>ECOSSE</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Eradication scheme</topic><topic>ESCOCIA</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>GANADO BOVINO</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>METHODE DE LUTTE</topic><topic>METODOS DE CONTROL</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Pestivirus</topic><topic>PESTIVIRUS DE LA DIARREA BOVINA</topic><topic>PESTIVIRUS MALADIE DES MUQUEUSES</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>SCOTLAND</topic><topic>Scotland - epidemiology</topic><topic>Seroepidemiologic Studies</topic><topic>Veterinarians</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Virology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Synge, B.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, A.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moar, J.A.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nicolson, J.T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nettleton, P.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herring, J.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Veterinary microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Synge, B.A</au><au>Clark, A.M</au><au>Moar, J.A.E</au><au>Nicolson, J.T</au><au>Nettleton, P.F</au><au>Herring, J.A</au><au>Midtlyng, PJ</au><au>Nyberg, O</au><au>Boersum, JB (eds)</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Microbiol</addtitle><date>1999</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>223</spage><epage>229</epage><pages>223-229</pages><issn>0378-1135</issn><eissn>1873-2542</eissn><coden>VMICDQ</coden><abstract>A scheme to control and eradicate bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) was initiated in 1994 in the Shetland Islands by local veterinary surgeons and funded by the Shetland Islands Council and Shetland Enterprise Company. Over a 3-year period every bovine animal on the islands was blood-sampled (heparinised) and laboratory tested using MAb-based ELISAs for BVD virus antibody and antigen detection for evidence of disease. A number of BVD virus positive animals (40) were found and culled. A total of 6150 animals were tested from 213 herds and 43% herds were found to be BVD naive. The remaining herds had experienced infection and contained many BVD antibody positive animals. Some repeat sampling of stock in infected herds determined further virus positive animals which were slaughtered and in 1997 the scheme ceased since it appeared that there were no persistent excretors present. The major risk to the Shetland Islands is from bought-in stock, especially animals which are imported in calf. It is vital that all bought-in animals are tested and proven to be free of BVD virus if these animals are in calf, the calves must be tested a birth to determine status. It is strongly advised that only bulls and bulling heifers or cows are bought into Shetland in future, thus, protecting the present stock. Continued surveillance will be required to claim eradication of BVD from Shetland.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>10028174</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00271-5</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0378-1135 |
| ispartof | Veterinary microbiology, 1999, Vol.64 (2), p.223-229 |
| issn | 0378-1135 1873-2542 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Agriculture Animal viral diseases Animals Antibodies, Monoclonal Antibodies, Viral - blood Antigens, Viral - blood Biological and medical sciences BOVIN Bovine diarrhea virus BOVINE DIARRHOEA PESTIVIRUS Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - epidemiology Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease - prevention & control Bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) BVD virus CATTLE CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES CONTROL METHODS Control programme CONTROLE DE MALADIES Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral - immunology DISEASE CONTROL Disease Reservoirs ECOSSE Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary Epidemiology Eradication scheme ESCOCIA Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GANADO BOVINO Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences METHODE DE LUTTE METODOS DE CONTROL Microbiology Pestivirus PESTIVIRUS DE LA DIARREA BOVINA PESTIVIRUS MALADIE DES MUQUEUSES Pregnancy SCOTLAND Scotland - epidemiology Seroepidemiologic Studies Veterinarians Viral diseases Virology |
| title | The control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus in Shetland |
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