Effects of high‐frequency stimulation on epileptiform activity in vitro: ON/OFF control paradigm

Summary Purpose: To determine the effects of high‐frequency electrical stimulation on electrographic seizure activity during and after stimulation (ON‐effect and OFF‐effect). Methods: The modulation and suppression of epileptiform activity during (ON‐effect) and after (OFF‐effect) high‐frequency ele...

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Veröffentlicht in:Epilepsia (Copenhagen) 2008-09, Vol.49 (9), p.1586-1593
Hauptverfasser: Su, Yuzhuo, Radman, Thomas, Vaynshteyn, Jake, Parra, Lucas C., Bikson, Marom
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container_issue 9
container_start_page 1586
container_title Epilepsia (Copenhagen)
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creator Su, Yuzhuo
Radman, Thomas
Vaynshteyn, Jake
Parra, Lucas C.
Bikson, Marom
description Summary Purpose: To determine the effects of high‐frequency electrical stimulation on electrographic seizure activity during and after stimulation (ON‐effect and OFF‐effect). Methods: The modulation and suppression of epileptiform activity during (ON‐effect) and after (OFF‐effect) high‐frequency electrical stimulation was investigated using the high‐K+ and picrotoxin hippocampal slice epilepsy models. Uniform sinusoidal fields (50 Hz) were applied with various intensity levels for 1 min across brain slices. Extracellular and intracellular activity were monitored during and after stimulation. Results: The ON‐effects of high‐frequency stimulation were highly variable across individual slices and models; ON‐effects included modulation of activity, pacing, partial suppression, or activity resembling spreading‐depression. On average, epileptic activity, measured as power in the extracellular fields, increased significantly during stimulation. Following the termination of electrical stimulation, a robust poststimulation suppression period was observed. This OFF suppression was observed even at relatively moderate stimulation intensities. The duration of OFF suppression increased with stimulation intensity, independent of ON‐effects. Antagonism of GABA A function did not directly effect OFF suppression duration. Conclusions: The present results suggest that “rational” seizure control protocols using intermittent high‐frequency electrical stimulation should control for both ON and OFF effects.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01592.x
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Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>CA1</topic><topic>CA3</topic><topic>Electric fields</topic><topic>Electric Stimulation - instrumentation</topic><topic>Electric Stimulation - methods</topic><topic>Electrical stimulation</topic><topic>Epilepsy</topic><topic>Epilepsy - diagnosis</topic><topic>Epilepsy - physiopathology</topic><topic>Epilepsy - therapy</topic><topic>Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy</topic><topic>Hippocampus</topic><topic>Hippocampus - physiopathology</topic><topic>Ictal</topic><topic>In Vitro Techniques</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Pyramidal Cells - physiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Su, Yuzhuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radman, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaynshteyn, Jake</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parra, Lucas C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bikson, Marom</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Su, Yuzhuo</au><au>Radman, Thomas</au><au>Vaynshteyn, Jake</au><au>Parra, Lucas C.</au><au>Bikson, Marom</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of high‐frequency stimulation on epileptiform activity in vitro: ON/OFF control paradigm</atitle><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle><addtitle>Epilepsia</addtitle><date>2008-09</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1586</spage><epage>1593</epage><pages>1586-1593</pages><issn>0013-9580</issn><eissn>1528-1167</eissn><coden>EPILAK</coden><abstract>Summary Purpose: To determine the effects of high‐frequency electrical stimulation on electrographic seizure activity during and after stimulation (ON‐effect and OFF‐effect). Methods: The modulation and suppression of epileptiform activity during (ON‐effect) and after (OFF‐effect) high‐frequency electrical stimulation was investigated using the high‐K+ and picrotoxin hippocampal slice epilepsy models. Uniform sinusoidal fields (50 Hz) were applied with various intensity levels for 1 min across brain slices. Extracellular and intracellular activity were monitored during and after stimulation. Results: The ON‐effects of high‐frequency stimulation were highly variable across individual slices and models; ON‐effects included modulation of activity, pacing, partial suppression, or activity resembling spreading‐depression. On average, epileptic activity, measured as power in the extracellular fields, increased significantly during stimulation. Following the termination of electrical stimulation, a robust poststimulation suppression period was observed. This OFF suppression was observed even at relatively moderate stimulation intensities. 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subjects Animals
Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents
Biological and medical sciences
CA1
CA3
Electric fields
Electric Stimulation - instrumentation
Electric Stimulation - methods
Electrical stimulation
Epilepsy
Epilepsy - diagnosis
Epilepsy - physiopathology
Epilepsy - therapy
Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy
Hippocampus
Hippocampus - physiopathology
Ictal
In Vitro Techniques
Medical sciences
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Neuropharmacology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Pyramidal Cells - physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Severity of Illness Index
title Effects of high‐frequency stimulation on epileptiform activity in vitro: ON/OFF control paradigm
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