NO‐synthase‐/NO‐independent regulation of human and murine platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase activity

Objectives: Platelets, specialized adhesive cells, play key roles in normal and pathological hemostasis through their ability to rapidly adhere to subendothelial matrix proteins (adhesion) and to other activated platelets (aggregation), functions which are inhibited by nitric oxide (NO). Platelets h...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis 2008-08, Vol.6 (8), p.1376-1384
Hauptverfasser: GAMBARYAN, S., KOBSAR, A., HARTMANN, S., BIRSCHMANN, I., KUHLENCORDT, P. J., MÜLLER‐ESTERL, W., LOHMANN, S. M., WALTER, U.
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container_end_page 1384
container_issue 8
container_start_page 1376
container_title Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
container_volume 6
creator GAMBARYAN, S.
KOBSAR, A.
HARTMANN, S.
BIRSCHMANN, I.
KUHLENCORDT, P. J.
MÜLLER‐ESTERL, W.
LOHMANN, S. M.
WALTER, U.
description Objectives: Platelets, specialized adhesive cells, play key roles in normal and pathological hemostasis through their ability to rapidly adhere to subendothelial matrix proteins (adhesion) and to other activated platelets (aggregation), functions which are inhibited by nitric oxide (NO). Platelets have been reported to be regulated not only by exogenous endothelium‐derived NO, but also by two isoforms of NO synthase, endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS), endogenously expressed in platelets. However, data concerning expression, regulation and function of eNOS and iNOS in platelets remain controversial. Methods and results: Using important positive (endothelial cells, stimulated macrophages) and negative (eNOS/iNOS knock‐out mouse) controls, as well as human platelets highly purified by a newly developed protocol, we now demonstrate that human and mouse platelets do not contain eNOS/iNOS proteins or mRNA. NOS substrate (l‐arginine), NOS inhibitors (L‐NAME, L‐NMMA), and eNOS/iNOS deficiency did not produce detectable functional effects on human and mouse platelets. von Willebrand factor (VWF)/ristocetin treatment of platelets increased cGMP by NO‐independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) which correlated with Src kinase‐dependent phosphorylation of sGC β1‐subunit‐Tyr192. Conclusions: Human and mouse platelets do not express eNOS/iNOS. VWF/ristocetin‐mediated activation of the sGC/cGMP signaling pathway may contribute to feedback platelet inhibition.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03014.x
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Methods and results: Using important positive (endothelial cells, stimulated macrophages) and negative (eNOS/iNOS knock‐out mouse) controls, as well as human platelets highly purified by a newly developed protocol, we now demonstrate that human and mouse platelets do not contain eNOS/iNOS proteins or mRNA. NOS substrate (l‐arginine), NOS inhibitors (L‐NAME, L‐NMMA), and eNOS/iNOS deficiency did not produce detectable functional effects on human and mouse platelets. von Willebrand factor (VWF)/ristocetin treatment of platelets increased cGMP by NO‐independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) which correlated with Src kinase‐dependent phosphorylation of sGC β1‐subunit‐Tyr192. Conclusions: Human and mouse platelets do not express eNOS/iNOS. VWF/ristocetin‐mediated activation of the sGC/cGMP signaling pathway may contribute to feedback platelet inhibition.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1538-7933</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1538-7836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-7836</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03014.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18485089</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Blood Platelets - drug effects ; Blood Platelets - enzymology ; Blood Platelets - metabolism ; cGMP ; Cyclic GMP - blood ; Enzyme Activation - drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology ; Guanylate Cyclase - blood ; Guanylate Cyclase - chemistry ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide - blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase - antagonists &amp; inhibitors ; Nitric Oxide Synthase - blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase - genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - deficiency ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - genetics ; NO synthase ; omega-N-Methylarginine - pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; PKG ; platelet ; Ristocetin - pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger - blood ; RNA, Messenger - genetics ; sGC ; Solubility ; src-Family Kinases - blood ; von Willebrand Factor - pharmacology ; VWF</subject><ispartof>Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis, 2008-08, Vol.6 (8), p.1376-1384</ispartof><rights>2008 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4174-aaff32d3c36329c3067368c5f58e19301482aea5a43e1cb67d876e83a47ef5c63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4174-aaff32d3c36329c3067368c5f58e19301482aea5a43e1cb67d876e83a47ef5c63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18485089$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>GAMBARYAN, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KOBSAR, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HARTMANN, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BIRSCHMANN, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KUHLENCORDT, P. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MÜLLER‐ESTERL, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LOHMANN, S. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WALTER, U.</creatorcontrib><title>NO‐synthase‐/NO‐independent regulation of human and murine platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase activity</title><title>Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis</title><addtitle>J Thromb Haemost</addtitle><description>Objectives: Platelets, specialized adhesive cells, play key roles in normal and pathological hemostasis through their ability to rapidly adhere to subendothelial matrix proteins (adhesion) and to other activated platelets (aggregation), functions which are inhibited by nitric oxide (NO). Platelets have been reported to be regulated not only by exogenous endothelium‐derived NO, but also by two isoforms of NO synthase, endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS), endogenously expressed in platelets. However, data concerning expression, regulation and function of eNOS and iNOS in platelets remain controversial. Methods and results: Using important positive (endothelial cells, stimulated macrophages) and negative (eNOS/iNOS knock‐out mouse) controls, as well as human platelets highly purified by a newly developed protocol, we now demonstrate that human and mouse platelets do not contain eNOS/iNOS proteins or mRNA. NOS substrate (l‐arginine), NOS inhibitors (L‐NAME, L‐NMMA), and eNOS/iNOS deficiency did not produce detectable functional effects on human and mouse platelets. von Willebrand factor (VWF)/ristocetin treatment of platelets increased cGMP by NO‐independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) which correlated with Src kinase‐dependent phosphorylation of sGC β1‐subunit‐Tyr192. Conclusions: Human and mouse platelets do not express eNOS/iNOS. 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Platelets have been reported to be regulated not only by exogenous endothelium‐derived NO, but also by two isoforms of NO synthase, endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS), endogenously expressed in platelets. However, data concerning expression, regulation and function of eNOS and iNOS in platelets remain controversial. Methods and results: Using important positive (endothelial cells, stimulated macrophages) and negative (eNOS/iNOS knock‐out mouse) controls, as well as human platelets highly purified by a newly developed protocol, we now demonstrate that human and mouse platelets do not contain eNOS/iNOS proteins or mRNA. NOS substrate (l‐arginine), NOS inhibitors (L‐NAME, L‐NMMA), and eNOS/iNOS deficiency did not produce detectable functional effects on human and mouse platelets. von Willebrand factor (VWF)/ristocetin treatment of platelets increased cGMP by NO‐independent activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) which correlated with Src kinase‐dependent phosphorylation of sGC β1‐subunit‐Tyr192. Conclusions: Human and mouse platelets do not express eNOS/iNOS. VWF/ristocetin‐mediated activation of the sGC/cGMP signaling pathway may contribute to feedback platelet inhibition.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>18485089</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03014.x</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Blood Platelets - drug effects
Blood Platelets - enzymology
Blood Platelets - metabolism
cGMP
Cyclic GMP - blood
Enzyme Activation - drug effects
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Guanylate Cyclase - blood
Guanylate Cyclase - chemistry
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Mice
Mice, Knockout
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester - pharmacology
Nitric Oxide - blood
Nitric Oxide Synthase - antagonists & inhibitors
Nitric Oxide Synthase - blood
Nitric Oxide Synthase - genetics
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - blood
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - deficiency
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II - genetics
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - blood
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - genetics
NO synthase
omega-N-Methylarginine - pharmacology
Phosphorylation
PKG
platelet
Ristocetin - pharmacology
RNA, Messenger - blood
RNA, Messenger - genetics
sGC
Solubility
src-Family Kinases - blood
von Willebrand Factor - pharmacology
VWF
title NO‐synthase‐/NO‐independent regulation of human and murine platelet soluble guanylyl cyclase activity
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