Evidence that logical reasoning depends on conscious processing
Humans, unlike other animals, are equipped with a powerful brain that permits conscious awareness and reflection. A growing trend in psychological science has questioned the benefits of consciousness, however. Testing a hypothesis advanced by [Lieberman, M. D., Gaunt, R., Gilbert, D. T., & Trope...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Consciousness and cognition 2008-09, Vol.17 (3), p.628-645 |
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| container_title | Consciousness and cognition |
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| creator | DeWall, C. Nathan Baumeister, Roy F. Masicampo, E.J. |
| description | Humans, unlike other animals, are equipped with a powerful brain that permits conscious awareness and reflection. A growing trend in psychological science has questioned the benefits of consciousness, however. Testing a hypothesis advanced by [Lieberman, M. D., Gaunt, R., Gilbert, D. T., & Trope, Y. (2002). Reflection and reflexion: A social cognitive neuroscience approach to attributional inference.
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology,
34, 199–249], four studies suggested that the conscious, reflective processing system is vital for logical reasoning. Substantial decrements in logical reasoning were found when a cognitive load manipulation preoccupied conscious processing, while hampering the nonconscious system with consciously suppressed thoughts failed to impair reasoning (Experiment 1). Nonconscious activation (priming) of the idea of logical reasoning increased the activation of logic-relevant concepts, but failed to improve logical reasoning performance (Experiments 2a–2c) unless the logical conclusions were largely intuitive and thus not reliant on logical reasoning (Experiment 3). Meanwhile, stimulating the conscious goal of reasoning well led to improvements in reasoning performance (Experiment 4). These findings offer evidence that logical reasoning is aided by the conscious, reflective processing system. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.concog.2007.12.004 |
| format | Article |
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Advances in Experimental Social Psychology,
34, 199–249], four studies suggested that the conscious, reflective processing system is vital for logical reasoning. Substantial decrements in logical reasoning were found when a cognitive load manipulation preoccupied conscious processing, while hampering the nonconscious system with consciously suppressed thoughts failed to impair reasoning (Experiment 1). Nonconscious activation (priming) of the idea of logical reasoning increased the activation of logic-relevant concepts, but failed to improve logical reasoning performance (Experiments 2a–2c) unless the logical conclusions were largely intuitive and thus not reliant on logical reasoning (Experiment 3). Meanwhile, stimulating the conscious goal of reasoning well led to improvements in reasoning performance (Experiment 4). These findings offer evidence that logical reasoning is aided by the conscious, reflective processing system.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1053-8100</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2376</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2007.12.004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18226923</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Awareness ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain - physiology ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition. Intelligence ; Consciousness ; Decision Making ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Information processing ; Intuition ; Logic ; Logical reasoning ; Male ; Motivation ; Priming ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Reasoning. Problem solving ; Volition</subject><ispartof>Consciousness and cognition, 2008-09, Vol.17 (3), p.628-645</ispartof><rights>2007 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-307ac0a9b7cd446d367181f9673d21c5d2994bdb33677b817a2c4e0d3a381afa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-307ac0a9b7cd446d367181f9673d21c5d2994bdb33677b817a2c4e0d3a381afa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.12.004$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20551108$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18226923$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>DeWall, C. Nathan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baumeister, Roy F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masicampo, E.J.</creatorcontrib><title>Evidence that logical reasoning depends on conscious processing</title><title>Consciousness and cognition</title><addtitle>Conscious Cogn</addtitle><description>Humans, unlike other animals, are equipped with a powerful brain that permits conscious awareness and reflection. A growing trend in psychological science has questioned the benefits of consciousness, however. Testing a hypothesis advanced by [Lieberman, M. D., Gaunt, R., Gilbert, D. T., & Trope, Y. (2002). Reflection and reflexion: A social cognitive neuroscience approach to attributional inference.
Advances in Experimental Social Psychology,
34, 199–249], four studies suggested that the conscious, reflective processing system is vital for logical reasoning. Substantial decrements in logical reasoning were found when a cognitive load manipulation preoccupied conscious processing, while hampering the nonconscious system with consciously suppressed thoughts failed to impair reasoning (Experiment 1). Nonconscious activation (priming) of the idea of logical reasoning increased the activation of logic-relevant concepts, but failed to improve logical reasoning performance (Experiments 2a–2c) unless the logical conclusions were largely intuitive and thus not reliant on logical reasoning (Experiment 3). Meanwhile, stimulating the conscious goal of reasoning well led to improvements in reasoning performance (Experiment 4). 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Advances in Experimental Social Psychology,
34, 199–249], four studies suggested that the conscious, reflective processing system is vital for logical reasoning. Substantial decrements in logical reasoning were found when a cognitive load manipulation preoccupied conscious processing, while hampering the nonconscious system with consciously suppressed thoughts failed to impair reasoning (Experiment 1). Nonconscious activation (priming) of the idea of logical reasoning increased the activation of logic-relevant concepts, but failed to improve logical reasoning performance (Experiments 2a–2c) unless the logical conclusions were largely intuitive and thus not reliant on logical reasoning (Experiment 3). Meanwhile, stimulating the conscious goal of reasoning well led to improvements in reasoning performance (Experiment 4). These findings offer evidence that logical reasoning is aided by the conscious, reflective processing system.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>18226923</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.concog.2007.12.004</doi><tpages>18</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adult Awareness Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiology Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognition. Intelligence Consciousness Decision Making Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Information processing Intuition Logic Logical reasoning Male Motivation Priming Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Reasoning. Problem solving Volition |
| title | Evidence that logical reasoning depends on conscious processing |
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