Stereotypes and Terror Management: Evidence That Mortality Salience Enhances Stereotypic Thinking and Preferences
If stereotypes function to protect people against death-related concerns, then mortality salience should increase stereotypic thinking and preferences for stereotype-confirming individuals. Study 1 demonstrated that mortality salience increased stereotyping of Germans. In Study 2, it increased parti...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of personality and social psychology 1999-11, Vol.77 (5), p.905-926 |
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| container_issue | 5 |
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| container_title | Journal of personality and social psychology |
| container_volume | 77 |
| creator | Schimel, Jeff Simon, Linda Greenberg, Jeff Pyszczynski, Tom Solomon, Sheldon Waxmonsky, Jeannette Arndt, Jamie |
| description | If stereotypes function to protect people against death-related concerns, then mortality salience should increase stereotypic thinking and preferences for stereotype-confirming individuals. Study 1 demonstrated that mortality salience increased stereotyping of Germans. In Study 2, it increased participants' tendency to generate more explanations for stereotype-inconsistent than stereotype-consistent gender role behavior. In Study 3, mortality salience increased participants' liking for a stereotype-consistent African American and decreased their liking for a stereotype-inconsistent African American; control participants exhibited the opposite preference. Study 4 replicated this pattern with evaluations of stereotype-confirming or stereotype-disconfirming men and women. Study 5 showed that, among participants high in need for closure, mortality salience led to decreased liking for a stereotype-inconsistent gay man. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.905 |
| format | Article |
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Study 1 demonstrated that mortality salience increased stereotyping of Germans. In Study 2, it increased participants' tendency to generate more explanations for stereotype-inconsistent than stereotype-consistent gender role behavior. In Study 3, mortality salience increased participants' liking for a stereotype-consistent African American and decreased their liking for a stereotype-inconsistent African American; control participants exhibited the opposite preference. Study 4 replicated this pattern with evaluations of stereotype-confirming or stereotype-disconfirming men and women. Study 5 showed that, among participants high in need for closure, mortality salience led to decreased liking for a stereotype-inconsistent gay man.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3514</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1315</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.905</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10573872</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPSPB2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adult ; African Americans - psychology ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Attitude to Death ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; Cognition ; Colorado ; Death Anxiety ; Fear ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gender Identity ; Germany - ethnology ; Homosexuality, Male ; Human ; Humans ; Impression Formation ; Ingroup Outgroup ; Male ; Minority Groups ; Morality ; Mortality ; Preferences ; Prejudice ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Random Allocation ; Social attribution, perception and cognition ; Social Perception ; Social psychology ; Stereotyped Attitudes ; Stereotypes ; Stereotyping ; Terror ; Violence - ethnology ; Violence - psychology</subject><ispartof>Journal of personality and social psychology, 1999-11, Vol.77 (5), p.905-926</ispartof><rights>1999 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Nov 1999</rights><rights>1999, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a442t-53c542598807ea02c66342584bcd5b572f1b818c5dbcf98323c26b7e448e514f3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,30976,33751</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1181677$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10573872$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Schimel, Jeff</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simon, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenberg, Jeff</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pyszczynski, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solomon, Sheldon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waxmonsky, Jeannette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arndt, Jamie</creatorcontrib><title>Stereotypes and Terror Management: Evidence That Mortality Salience Enhances Stereotypic Thinking and Preferences</title><title>Journal of personality and social psychology</title><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><description>If stereotypes function to protect people against death-related concerns, then mortality salience should increase stereotypic thinking and preferences for stereotype-confirming individuals. Study 1 demonstrated that mortality salience increased stereotyping of Germans. In Study 2, it increased participants' tendency to generate more explanations for stereotype-inconsistent than stereotype-consistent gender role behavior. In Study 3, mortality salience increased participants' liking for a stereotype-consistent African American and decreased their liking for a stereotype-inconsistent African American; control participants exhibited the opposite preference. Study 4 replicated this pattern with evaluations of stereotype-confirming or stereotype-disconfirming men and women. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Gender Identity</subject><subject>Germany - ethnology</subject><subject>Homosexuality, Male</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Impression Formation</subject><subject>Ingroup Outgroup</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Minority Groups</subject><subject>Morality</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Preferences</subject><subject>Prejudice</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Social attribution, perception and cognition</subject><subject>Social Perception</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Stereotyped Attitudes</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>Stereotyping</subject><subject>Terror</subject><subject>Violence - ethnology</subject><subject>Violence - psychology</subject><issn>0022-3514</issn><issn>1939-1315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1999</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U1LAzEQBuAgiq3VP-BBqoi3rTP52CRHKX5BxYP1HLJpVlq2u2uyPfTfm9JixYOeQuCZyZsZQs4RRghM3gJQmjGBfCTlSIw0iAPSR810hgzFIel_gx45iXEBAFxQekx6CEIyJWmfXL51PvimW7c-Dm09G059CE0Yvtjafvilr7tTclTaKvqz3Tkg7w_30_FTNnl9fB7fTTLLOe0ywZzgVGilQHoL1OU5S3fFCzcThZC0xEKhcmJWuFIrRpmjeSE958qnhCUbkJtt3zY0nysfO7OcR-eryta-WUWTawaIGv6FLEVABJ3g1S-4aFahTp8wOXLGKKaMfyAKWoGmKeqA0C1yoYkx-NK0Yb60YW0QzGYXZjNqsxm1kdIIk3aRii52nVfF0s9-lGyHn8D1DtjobFUGW7t53DtUmEu5Z7a1po1rZ0M3d5VPMrb7574ADoqZEA</recordid><startdate>19991101</startdate><enddate>19991101</enddate><creator>Schimel, Jeff</creator><creator>Simon, Linda</creator><creator>Greenberg, Jeff</creator><creator>Pyszczynski, Tom</creator><creator>Solomon, Sheldon</creator><creator>Waxmonsky, Jeannette</creator><creator>Arndt, Jamie</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19991101</creationdate><title>Stereotypes and Terror Management</title><author>Schimel, Jeff ; Simon, Linda ; Greenberg, Jeff ; Pyszczynski, Tom ; Solomon, Sheldon ; Waxmonsky, Jeannette ; Arndt, Jamie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a442t-53c542598807ea02c66342584bcd5b572f1b818c5dbcf98323c26b7e448e514f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1999</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>African Americans - psychology</topic><topic>African Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Attitude to Death</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Colorado</topic><topic>Death Anxiety</topic><topic>Fear</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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| subjects | Adult African Americans - psychology African Continental Ancestry Group Attitude to Death Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Cognition Colorado Death Anxiety Fear Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gender Identity Germany - ethnology Homosexuality, Male Human Humans Impression Formation Ingroup Outgroup Male Minority Groups Morality Mortality Preferences Prejudice Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Random Allocation Social attribution, perception and cognition Social Perception Social psychology Stereotyped Attitudes Stereotypes Stereotyping Terror Violence - ethnology Violence - psychology |
| title | Stereotypes and Terror Management: Evidence That Mortality Salience Enhances Stereotypic Thinking and Preferences |
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