Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation for Treating Heart Failure With Central Sleep Apnea That is Unresponsive to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

Background Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA) is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). However, some patients do not respond to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), so other therapeutic modalities should be considered, such as bi-level...

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