Treatment of brackish produced water using carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization technology
Capacitive deionization (CDI) with carbon-aerogel electrodes represents a novel process in desalination of brackish water and has merit due to its low fouling/scaling potential, ambient operational conditions, electrostatic regeneration, and low voltage requirements. The objective of this study was...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Water research (Oxford) 2008-05, Vol.42 (10-11), p.2605-2617 |
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creator | Xu, Pei Drewes, Jörg E. Heil, Dean Wang, Gary |
description | Capacitive deionization (CDI) with carbon-aerogel electrodes represents a novel process in desalination of brackish water and has merit due to its low fouling/scaling potential, ambient operational conditions, electrostatic regeneration, and low voltage requirements. The objective of this study was to investigate the viability of CDI in treating brackish produced water and recovering iodide from the water. Laboratory- and pilot-scale experiments were conducted to identify ion selectivity, key operational parameters, evaluate desalination performance, and assess the challenges for its practical applications. The performance of the CDI technology (CDT®) system tested was consistent throughout the laboratory- and field-scale experiments. Deterioration of the carbon-aerogel electrodes was not observed during testing. The degree of ions adsorbed to the carbon aerogel (in mol/g aerogel) during treatment of brackish water was dependent upon initial ion concentrations in the feed water with the following selectivity I>Br>Ca>alkalinity>Mg>Na>Cl. The preferential sorption of iodide revealed merit to efficiently recover iodide from brackish water even in the presence of dominant co-ions. The research findings derived from this study identified parameters that merit further improvements regarding design and operation, including modification of pore-size distribution of aerogel, development of high capacitance and low-cost electrode materials, reducing the dead volume after regeneration and rinsing, minimizing energy consumption, and maximizing system recovery. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.watres.2008.01.011 |
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The objective of this study was to investigate the viability of CDI in treating brackish produced water and recovering iodide from the water. Laboratory- and pilot-scale experiments were conducted to identify ion selectivity, key operational parameters, evaluate desalination performance, and assess the challenges for its practical applications. The performance of the CDI technology (CDT®) system tested was consistent throughout the laboratory- and field-scale experiments. Deterioration of the carbon-aerogel electrodes was not observed during testing. The degree of ions adsorbed to the carbon aerogel (in mol/g aerogel) during treatment of brackish water was dependent upon initial ion concentrations in the feed water with the following selectivity I>Br>Ca>alkalinity>Mg>Na>Cl. The preferential sorption of iodide revealed merit to efficiently recover iodide from brackish water even in the presence of dominant co-ions. The research findings derived from this study identified parameters that merit further improvements regarding design and operation, including modification of pore-size distribution of aerogel, development of high capacitance and low-cost electrode materials, reducing the dead volume after regeneration and rinsing, minimizing energy consumption, and maximizing system recovery.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-1354</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2448</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.01.011</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18258278</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WATRAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adsorption ; Applied sciences ; Brackish water ; capacitance ; Capacitive deionization ; Carbon - chemistry ; Carbon aerogel ; carbon-aerogels ; deionization ; Desalination ; Electric Conductivity ; electrodes ; electrostatic interactions ; equipment design ; Exact sciences and technology ; fouling ; gels ; Iodides - isolation & purification ; ion transport ; new methods ; Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge ; Pilot Projects ; Pollution ; pore size distribution ; Porosity ; Produced water ; Temperature ; Wastes ; Water Purification - methods ; Water reuse ; water treatment ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water research (Oxford), 2008-05, Vol.42 (10-11), p.2605-2617</ispartof><rights>2008 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c511t-3c38e74d00f07f34ecb06603a2b3a8e70297ce844f3788c8b67d090f67a231943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c511t-3c38e74d00f07f34ecb06603a2b3a8e70297ce844f3788c8b67d090f67a231943</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.01.011$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20342060$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258278$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Xu, Pei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drewes, Jörg E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heil, Dean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Gary</creatorcontrib><title>Treatment of brackish produced water using carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization technology</title><title>Water research (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><description>Capacitive deionization (CDI) with carbon-aerogel electrodes represents a novel process in desalination of brackish water and has merit due to its low fouling/scaling potential, ambient operational conditions, electrostatic regeneration, and low voltage requirements. The objective of this study was to investigate the viability of CDI in treating brackish produced water and recovering iodide from the water. Laboratory- and pilot-scale experiments were conducted to identify ion selectivity, key operational parameters, evaluate desalination performance, and assess the challenges for its practical applications. The performance of the CDI technology (CDT®) system tested was consistent throughout the laboratory- and field-scale experiments. Deterioration of the carbon-aerogel electrodes was not observed during testing. The degree of ions adsorbed to the carbon aerogel (in mol/g aerogel) during treatment of brackish water was dependent upon initial ion concentrations in the feed water with the following selectivity I>Br>Ca>alkalinity>Mg>Na>Cl. The preferential sorption of iodide revealed merit to efficiently recover iodide from brackish water even in the presence of dominant co-ions. The research findings derived from this study identified parameters that merit further improvements regarding design and operation, including modification of pore-size distribution of aerogel, development of high capacitance and low-cost electrode materials, reducing the dead volume after regeneration and rinsing, minimizing energy consumption, and maximizing system recovery.</description><subject>Adsorption</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Brackish water</subject><subject>capacitance</subject><subject>Capacitive deionization</subject><subject>Carbon - chemistry</subject><subject>Carbon aerogel</subject><subject>carbon-aerogels</subject><subject>deionization</subject><subject>Desalination</subject><subject>Electric Conductivity</subject><subject>electrodes</subject><subject>electrostatic interactions</subject><subject>equipment design</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>fouling</subject><subject>gels</subject><subject>Iodides - isolation & purification</subject><subject>ion transport</subject><subject>new methods</subject><subject>Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>pore size distribution</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Produced water</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Wastes</subject><subject>Water Purification - methods</subject><subject>Water reuse</subject><subject>water treatment</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0043-1354</issn><issn>1879-2448</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU2P0zAQhi0EYkvhHyDIBW4p44_G9gVpteJLWokDu2dr4ky6Lmlc7GTR8utxlQpuII00h3nmnY-XsZccNhx4826_-YlTorwRAGYDvAR_xFbcaFsLpcxjtgJQsuZyqy7Ys5z3ACCEtE_ZBTdia4Q2K9beJMLpQONUxb5qE_rvId9VxxS72VNXlRmUqjmHcVd5TG0cK6QUdzTULeYCeDyiD1O4p6qjEMfwC6eSqon83RiHuHt4zp70OGR6cc5rdvvxw83V5_r666cvV5fXtd9yPtXSS0NadQA96F4q8i00DUgUrcRSAWG1J6NUL7Ux3rSN7sBC32gUklsl1-ztoluW_zFTntwhZE_DgCPFObvGiqJh-X9BAbaREnQB1QL6FHNO1LtjCgdMD46DO5ng9m4xwZ1McMBLnPRfnfXn9kDd36bz1wvw5gxg9jj0CUcf8h9OgFQCyulr9nrheowOd6kwt98EcAlguZX8RLxfCCqPvQ-UXPaBxuJcSOQn18Xw711_A_FlsO0</recordid><startdate>20080501</startdate><enddate>20080501</enddate><creator>Xu, Pei</creator><creator>Drewes, Jörg E.</creator><creator>Heil, Dean</creator><creator>Wang, Gary</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080501</creationdate><title>Treatment of brackish produced water using carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization technology</title><author>Xu, Pei ; Drewes, Jörg E. ; Heil, Dean ; Wang, Gary</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c511t-3c38e74d00f07f34ecb06603a2b3a8e70297ce844f3788c8b67d090f67a231943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adsorption</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Brackish water</topic><topic>capacitance</topic><topic>Capacitive deionization</topic><topic>Carbon - chemistry</topic><topic>Carbon aerogel</topic><topic>carbon-aerogels</topic><topic>deionization</topic><topic>Desalination</topic><topic>Electric Conductivity</topic><topic>electrodes</topic><topic>electrostatic interactions</topic><topic>equipment design</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>fouling</topic><topic>gels</topic><topic>Iodides - isolation & purification</topic><topic>ion transport</topic><topic>new methods</topic><topic>Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>pore size distribution</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Produced water</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Wastes</topic><topic>Water Purification - methods</topic><topic>Water reuse</topic><topic>water treatment</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Xu, Pei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drewes, Jörg E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heil, Dean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Gary</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xu, Pei</au><au>Drewes, Jörg E.</au><au>Heil, Dean</au><au>Wang, Gary</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Treatment of brackish produced water using carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization technology</atitle><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><date>2008-05-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>10-11</issue><spage>2605</spage><epage>2617</epage><pages>2605-2617</pages><issn>0043-1354</issn><eissn>1879-2448</eissn><coden>WATRAG</coden><abstract>Capacitive deionization (CDI) with carbon-aerogel electrodes represents a novel process in desalination of brackish water and has merit due to its low fouling/scaling potential, ambient operational conditions, electrostatic regeneration, and low voltage requirements. The objective of this study was to investigate the viability of CDI in treating brackish produced water and recovering iodide from the water. Laboratory- and pilot-scale experiments were conducted to identify ion selectivity, key operational parameters, evaluate desalination performance, and assess the challenges for its practical applications. The performance of the CDI technology (CDT®) system tested was consistent throughout the laboratory- and field-scale experiments. Deterioration of the carbon-aerogel electrodes was not observed during testing. The degree of ions adsorbed to the carbon aerogel (in mol/g aerogel) during treatment of brackish water was dependent upon initial ion concentrations in the feed water with the following selectivity I>Br>Ca>alkalinity>Mg>Na>Cl. The preferential sorption of iodide revealed merit to efficiently recover iodide from brackish water even in the presence of dominant co-ions. 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subjects | Adsorption Applied sciences Brackish water capacitance Capacitive deionization Carbon - chemistry Carbon aerogel carbon-aerogels deionization Desalination Electric Conductivity electrodes electrostatic interactions equipment design Exact sciences and technology fouling gels Iodides - isolation & purification ion transport new methods Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge Pilot Projects Pollution pore size distribution Porosity Produced water Temperature Wastes Water Purification - methods Water reuse water treatment Water treatment and pollution |
title | Treatment of brackish produced water using carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization technology |
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