Visual Difficulties Reported by Low-Vision and Nonimpaired Older Adult Drivers

Nonimpaired and low-vision older adults responded to a questionnaire regarding the types of visual difficulties experienced while performing daily tasks and while driving. Using the factors produced from a factor analysis as predictors, a discriminant analysis was performed to determine whether significant differences in visual problems existed between the groups. The majority of participants reported that they currently required more time than in the past to perform tasks that depended on their vision, regardless of their visual status. All participants reported experiencing significant difficulties with static and dynamic acuity, peripheral vision, illumination problems, and contrast sensitivity. Both nonimpaired and low-vision older adult drivers reported experiencing difficulty with glare, peripheral vision, and night driving. Low-vision drivers reported experiencing unique difficulties with near acuity, distant acuity, and physical obstructions. Potential applications of this research include suggestions for redesigning automobiles and highway signs for safer use and viewing.