A Controlled Family Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette's Disorder
Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with Tourette's disorder (TD), it is unclear whether they have a common genetic etiology. Familial relationships between DSM-IV ADHD and TD are studied in TD + ADHD, TD-only (TD-ADHD), ADHD-only (ADHD-TD), and contr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2006-11, Vol.45 (11), p.1354-1362 |
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| container_title | Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |
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| creator | STEWART, S. EVELYN ILLMANN, CORNELIA GELLER, DANIEL A. LECKMAN, JAMES F. KING, ROBERT PAULS, DAVID L. |
| description | Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with Tourette's disorder (TD), it is unclear whether they have a common genetic etiology. Familial relationships between DSM-IV ADHD and TD are studied in TD + ADHD, TD-only (TD-ADHD), ADHD-only (ADHD-TD), and control groups.
Case-control, direct-interview family study of 692 relatives of 75 TD + ADHD, 74 TD-only, 41 ADHD-only, and 49 control probands collected between 1999 and 2004. Age-corrected prevalence rates, odds ratios, and predictors of TD, ADHD, and OCD among relatives are estimated from blinded best-estimate diagnoses using survival Kaplan-Meier and generalized estimating equation regression analyses.
In relatives of the TD-only group, although ADHD exceeded control rates (p = .03), ADHD-TD (p = .51) rates were not increased. In the ADHD-only group, TD was increased (p = .004) but TD-ADHD rates were not increased (p = .18). Comorbid ADHD + TD diagnoses in relatives were elevated in all case groups (p ≤ .03). TD in relatives predicted comorbid ADHD (p < .001), and ADHD in relatives predicted comorbid TD (p < .001). OCD in relatives predicted both ADHD (p = .002) and TD (p < .001) in relatives.
TD and ADHD are not alternate phenotypes of a single underlying genetic cause. There is an increased risk of comorbid ADHD and TD in affected families, possibly reflecting some overlapping neurobiology or pathophysiology. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/01.chi.0000251211.36868.fe |
| format | Article |
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Case-control, direct-interview family study of 692 relatives of 75 TD + ADHD, 74 TD-only, 41 ADHD-only, and 49 control probands collected between 1999 and 2004. Age-corrected prevalence rates, odds ratios, and predictors of TD, ADHD, and OCD among relatives are estimated from blinded best-estimate diagnoses using survival Kaplan-Meier and generalized estimating equation regression analyses.
In relatives of the TD-only group, although ADHD exceeded control rates (p = .03), ADHD-TD (p = .51) rates were not increased. In the ADHD-only group, TD was increased (p = .004) but TD-ADHD rates were not increased (p = .18). Comorbid ADHD + TD diagnoses in relatives were elevated in all case groups (p ≤ .03). TD in relatives predicted comorbid ADHD (p < .001), and ADHD in relatives predicted comorbid TD (p < .001). OCD in relatives predicted both ADHD (p = .002) and TD (p < .001) in relatives.
TD and ADHD are not alternate phenotypes of a single underlying genetic cause. There is an increased risk of comorbid ADHD and TD in affected families, possibly reflecting some overlapping neurobiology or pathophysiology.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0890-8567</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1527-5418</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000251211.36868.fe</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17075358</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAAPEE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Age ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology ; Attention Deficit Disorders ; Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child clinical studies ; Children & youth ; Clinical Diagnosis ; Comorbidity ; Control Groups ; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases ; Etiology ; familial ; Families & family life ; Family ; Family (Sociological Unit) ; Female ; genetic ; Genetics ; Genotype & phenotype ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Interview, Psychological ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mental disorders ; Neurological Impairments ; Neurology ; Neuroses ; obsessive-compulsive disorder ; Obsessive-compulsive disorders ; Odds Ratio ; Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology ; Pathology ; Phenotype ; Physiology ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Tourette Syndrome - genetics ; Tourette Syndrome - physiopathology ; Tourette's disorder</subject><ispartof>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006-11, Vol.45 (11), p.1354-1362</ispartof><rights>2006 The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Nov 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-8f7e378f4bb8637f73619d99851a4579fc1ccab9886056ea4b535fdbd6d765183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-8f7e378f4bb8637f73619d99851a4579fc1ccab9886056ea4b535fdbd6d765183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000251211.36868.fe$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27923,27924,30998,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ754448$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18233017$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17075358$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>STEWART, S. EVELYN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ILLMANN, CORNELIA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GELLER, DANIEL A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LECKMAN, JAMES F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KING, ROBERT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PAULS, DAVID L.</creatorcontrib><title>A Controlled Family Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette's Disorder</title><title>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</title><addtitle>J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with Tourette's disorder (TD), it is unclear whether they have a common genetic etiology. Familial relationships between DSM-IV ADHD and TD are studied in TD + ADHD, TD-only (TD-ADHD), ADHD-only (ADHD-TD), and control groups.
Case-control, direct-interview family study of 692 relatives of 75 TD + ADHD, 74 TD-only, 41 ADHD-only, and 49 control probands collected between 1999 and 2004. Age-corrected prevalence rates, odds ratios, and predictors of TD, ADHD, and OCD among relatives are estimated from blinded best-estimate diagnoses using survival Kaplan-Meier and generalized estimating equation regression analyses.
In relatives of the TD-only group, although ADHD exceeded control rates (p = .03), ADHD-TD (p = .51) rates were not increased. In the ADHD-only group, TD was increased (p = .004) but TD-ADHD rates were not increased (p = .18). Comorbid ADHD + TD diagnoses in relatives were elevated in all case groups (p ≤ .03). TD in relatives predicted comorbid ADHD (p < .001), and ADHD in relatives predicted comorbid TD (p < .001). OCD in relatives predicted both ADHD (p = .002) and TD (p < .001) in relatives.
TD and ADHD are not alternate phenotypes of a single underlying genetic cause. There is an increased risk of comorbid ADHD and TD in affected families, possibly reflecting some overlapping neurobiology or pathophysiology.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorders</subject><subject>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child clinical studies</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Clinical Diagnosis</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Control Groups</subject><subject>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>familial</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Family</subject><subject>Family (Sociological Unit)</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>genetic</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Interview, Psychological</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Neurological Impairments</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>Neuroses</subject><subject>obsessive-compulsive disorder</subject><subject>Obsessive-compulsive disorders</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Tourette Syndrome - genetics</subject><subject>Tourette Syndrome - physiopathology</subject><subject>Tourette's disorder</subject><issn>0890-8567</issn><issn>1527-5418</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV9rFDEUxYModlv9BiJDQX2aaTIz-TO-LbutVQo-WB8lZJIbTJmdrEmmMN_ebHfogk_mJZD7OzeHcxC6JLgiuONXmFT6t6twPjUlNSFVwwQTlYUXaEVozUvaEvESrbDocCko42foPMaHzBMuxGt0RjjmtKFihX6ti40fU_DDAKa4UTs3zMWPNJm58LZYpwRjcn4st2Cddunqdt5DUDq5R5fmYuuiDwZCoUZT3PspQBZ8is_vb9Arq4YIb5f7Av28ub7f3JZ337983azvSk3rOpXCcmi4sG3fC9ZwyxtGOtN1ghLVUt5ZTbRWfScEw5SBavts3preMMMZJaK5QB-Pe_fB_5kgJrlzUcMwqBH8FCXrMGlpdwAv_wEfsusxe5M1qVlDc8AZ-nyEdPAxBrByH9xOhVkSLA8NSExkbkCeGpBPDUgLWfx--WHqd2BO0iXyDHxYABW1GmxQo3bxxIm6aXJPmXt35CA4_Ty-_sZp27aHNdtlnHN9dBBk1A5GDcYF0Eka7_7H7l-cKK7z</recordid><startdate>20061101</startdate><enddate>20061101</enddate><creator>STEWART, S. 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EVELYN ; ILLMANN, CORNELIA ; GELLER, DANIEL A. ; LECKMAN, JAMES F. ; KING, ROBERT ; PAULS, DAVID L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c522t-8f7e378f4bb8637f73619d99851a4579fc1ccab9886056ea4b535fdbd6d765183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorders</topic><topic>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child clinical studies</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Clinical Diagnosis</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Control Groups</topic><topic>Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>familial</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Family</topic><topic>Family (Sociological Unit)</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>genetic</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Interview, Psychological</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Neurological Impairments</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>Neuroses</topic><topic>obsessive-compulsive disorder</topic><topic>Obsessive-compulsive disorders</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. 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EVELYN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ILLMANN, CORNELIA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GELLER, DANIEL A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LECKMAN, JAMES F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KING, ROBERT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PAULS, DAVID L.</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>STEWART, S. EVELYN</au><au>ILLMANN, CORNELIA</au><au>GELLER, DANIEL A.</au><au>LECKMAN, JAMES F.</au><au>KING, ROBERT</au><au>PAULS, DAVID L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ754448</ericid><atitle>A Controlled Family Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette's Disorder</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2006-11-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1354</spage><epage>1362</epage><pages>1354-1362</pages><issn>0890-8567</issn><eissn>1527-5418</eissn><coden>JAAPEE</coden><abstract>Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with Tourette's disorder (TD), it is unclear whether they have a common genetic etiology. Familial relationships between DSM-IV ADHD and TD are studied in TD + ADHD, TD-only (TD-ADHD), ADHD-only (ADHD-TD), and control groups.
Case-control, direct-interview family study of 692 relatives of 75 TD + ADHD, 74 TD-only, 41 ADHD-only, and 49 control probands collected between 1999 and 2004. Age-corrected prevalence rates, odds ratios, and predictors of TD, ADHD, and OCD among relatives are estimated from blinded best-estimate diagnoses using survival Kaplan-Meier and generalized estimating equation regression analyses.
In relatives of the TD-only group, although ADHD exceeded control rates (p = .03), ADHD-TD (p = .51) rates were not increased. In the ADHD-only group, TD was increased (p = .004) but TD-ADHD rates were not increased (p = .18). Comorbid ADHD + TD diagnoses in relatives were elevated in all case groups (p ≤ .03). TD in relatives predicted comorbid ADHD (p < .001), and ADHD in relatives predicted comorbid TD (p < .001). OCD in relatives predicted both ADHD (p = .002) and TD (p < .001) in relatives.
TD and ADHD are not alternate phenotypes of a single underlying genetic cause. There is an increased risk of comorbid ADHD and TD in affected families, possibly reflecting some overlapping neurobiology or pathophysiology.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>17075358</pmid><doi>10.1097/01.chi.0000251211.36868.fe</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult and adolescent clinical studies Age Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology Attention Deficit Disorders Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Child Child clinical studies Children & youth Clinical Diagnosis Comorbidity Control Groups Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases Etiology familial Families & family life Family Family (Sociological Unit) Female genetic Genetics Genotype & phenotype Humans Hyperactivity Interview, Psychological Male Medical sciences Mental disorders Neurological Impairments Neurology Neuroses obsessive-compulsive disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorders Odds Ratio Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology Pathology Phenotype Physiology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Tourette Syndrome - genetics Tourette Syndrome - physiopathology Tourette's disorder |
| title | A Controlled Family Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette's Disorder |
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