Interrelationship Between Noninvasive Predictors of Atherosclerosis: Transthoracic Coronary Flow Reserve, Flow-Mediated Dilation, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Aortic Stiffness, Aortic Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Brachial Artery Diameter
Background: In this study, we searched for a correlation between transthoracic coronary flow reserve (CFR) and well‐established surrogates of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: The study was conducted on 136 healthy subjects (mean age: 39.9 ± 7.3 years) who were free of coronary risk factors. Transt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2006-11, Vol.23 (10), p.835-842 |
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| description | Background: In this study, we searched for a correlation between transthoracic coronary flow reserve (CFR) and well‐established surrogates of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: The study was conducted on 136 healthy subjects (mean age: 39.9 ± 7.3 years) who were free of coronary risk factors. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure the aortic stiffness index (AoSI), aortic distensibility (AoD), and aortic elastic modulus (AoEM). High‐resolution ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery endothelium‐dependent and independent vasomotion and carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT). In addition, transthoracic second harmonic Doppler echocardiography was used to measure CFR. Results: All of the parameters significantly correlated with each other except brachial endothelium‐independent dilation. CFR correlated significantly with brachial endothelium‐dependent dilation (EDD) (r = 0.302, P < 0.01), carotid IMT (r =−0.388, P < 0.01), brachial artery diameter (r = 0.340, P < 0.01), AoD (r = 0.275, P < 0.01), AoS (r =−0.299, P < 0.01), and AoEM (r =−0.30,7 P < 0.01). Carotid IMT correlated significantly with brachial EDD and modestly with brachial artery diameter, AoD, AoS, and AoEM.
In multivariate analysis, carotid IMT (β=−0.323, P < 0.0001) and brachial artery diameter (β=−0.259, P = 0.001) were significant independent predictors of CFR. The left ventricular mass index (β= 0.371, P < 0.0001), brachial EDD (β=−0.232, P = 0.002), and CFR (β=−0.228, P = 0.003) were significant predictors for IMT. Conclusion: Transthoracic CFR correlated significantly with well‐established noninvasive predictors of atherosclerosis, and we suggest that it can be used as a surrogate for coronary atherosclerosis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00342.x |
| format | Article |
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In multivariate analysis, carotid IMT (β=−0.323, P < 0.0001) and brachial artery diameter (β=−0.259, P = 0.001) were significant independent predictors of CFR. The left ventricular mass index (β= 0.371, P < 0.0001), brachial EDD (β=−0.232, P = 0.002), and CFR (β=−0.228, P = 0.003) were significant predictors for IMT. Conclusion: Transthoracic CFR correlated significantly with well‐established noninvasive predictors of atherosclerosis, and we suggest that it can be used as a surrogate for coronary atherosclerosis.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0742-2822</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1540-8175</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00342.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17069601</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic - diagnostic imaging ; Aorta, Thoracic - physiopathology ; Arteries - diagnostic imaging ; Arteries - pathology ; Arteries - physiopathology ; atherosclerosis surrogates ; Biomarkers - blood ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Blood Pressure ; Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging ; Brachial Artery - pathology ; Brachial Artery - physiopathology ; brachial artery diameter ; Carotid Artery, Common - diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery, Common - pathology ; Carotid Artery, Common - physiopathology ; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Artery Disease - pathology ; Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology ; Coronary Circulation ; coronary flow reserve ; Echocardiography ; Elasticity ; Endothelium, Vascular - diagnostic imaging ; Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging ; Heart Ventricles - physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Tunica Intima - diagnostic imaging ; Tunica Intima - pathology ; Tunica Intima - physiopathology ; Tunica Media - diagnostic imaging ; Tunica Media - pathology ; Tunica Media - physiopathology ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasodilation</subject><ispartof>Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.), 2006-11, Vol.23 (10), p.835-842</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4712-54a69e790edd7e25b10f7fba13fdf196e98ea7538d19f0fff7e7799d646f2d0d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4712-54a69e790edd7e25b10f7fba13fdf196e98ea7538d19f0fff7e7799d646f2d0d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8175.2006.00342.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8175.2006.00342.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17069601$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gullu, Hakan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erdogan, Dogan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caliskan, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tok, Derya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yildirim, Erkan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulus, Taner</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turan Sezgin, Alpay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muderrisoglu, Haldun</creatorcontrib><title>Interrelationship Between Noninvasive Predictors of Atherosclerosis: Transthoracic Coronary Flow Reserve, Flow-Mediated Dilation, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Aortic Stiffness, Aortic Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Brachial Artery Diameter</title><title>Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Echocardiography</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Background: In this study, we searched for a correlation between transthoracic coronary flow reserve (CFR) and well‐established surrogates of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: The study was conducted on 136 healthy subjects (mean age: 39.9 ± 7.3 years) who were free of coronary risk factors. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure the aortic stiffness index (AoSI), aortic distensibility (AoD), and aortic elastic modulus (AoEM). High‐resolution ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery endothelium‐dependent and independent vasomotion and carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT). In addition, transthoracic second harmonic Doppler echocardiography was used to measure CFR. Results: All of the parameters significantly correlated with each other except brachial endothelium‐independent dilation. CFR correlated significantly with brachial endothelium‐dependent dilation (EDD) (r = 0.302, P < 0.01), carotid IMT (r =−0.388, P < 0.01), brachial artery diameter (r = 0.340, P < 0.01), AoD (r = 0.275, P < 0.01), AoS (r =−0.299, P < 0.01), and AoEM (r =−0.30,7 P < 0.01). Carotid IMT correlated significantly with brachial EDD and modestly with brachial artery diameter, AoD, AoS, and AoEM.
In multivariate analysis, carotid IMT (β=−0.323, P < 0.0001) and brachial artery diameter (β=−0.259, P = 0.001) were significant independent predictors of CFR. The left ventricular mass index (β= 0.371, P < 0.0001), brachial EDD (β=−0.232, P = 0.002), and CFR (β=−0.228, P = 0.003) were significant predictors for IMT. Conclusion: Transthoracic CFR correlated significantly with well‐established noninvasive predictors of atherosclerosis, and we suggest that it can be used as a surrogate for coronary atherosclerosis.]]></description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aorta, Thoracic - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Aorta, Thoracic - physiopathology</subject><subject>Arteries - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Arteries - pathology</subject><subject>Arteries - physiopathology</subject><subject>atherosclerosis surrogates</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Brachial Artery - pathology</subject><subject>Brachial Artery - physiopathology</subject><subject>brachial artery diameter</subject><subject>Carotid Artery, Common - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Carotid Artery, Common - pathology</subject><subject>Carotid Artery, Common - physiopathology</subject><subject>Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Coronary Artery Disease - pathology</subject><subject>Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology</subject><subject>Coronary Circulation</subject><subject>coronary flow reserve</subject><subject>Echocardiography</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Endothelium, Vascular - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - physiopathology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Research Design</subject><subject>Tunica Intima - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Tunica Intima - pathology</subject><subject>Tunica Intima - physiopathology</subject><subject>Tunica Media - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Tunica Media - pathology</subject><subject>Tunica Media - physiopathology</subject><subject>Ultrasonography, Interventional</subject><subject>Vascular Resistance</subject><subject>Vasodilation</subject><issn>0742-2822</issn><issn>1540-8175</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNUU1vEzEQXSEQLYW_gHzilA327ma9i8Qh3aZNpX6gNsDRctZjxaljB9v5-ucc8XajIm74YI_H770Zz0sSRPCQxPV5OSSjAqcVoaNhhnE5xDgvsuH-VXL68vA6OcW0yNKsyrKT5J33S4wxJaR4m5wQisu6xOQ0-X1tAjgHmgdljV-oNTqHsAMw6M4aZbbcqy2gbw6EaoN1HlmJxmEBzvpWd7vyX9DMcePDwjreqhY11lnD3QFdartDD-DBbWHwfEtvow4PINCF6ksOUMOdDUqg2Ila8R6BZgvVPhnwfoDG1oWo-hiUlP9kLpQPYLyaK63CYYAmmvsuf2vFRm8ijhuBzmNPC8U1Grv40UMk8RXE6H3yRnLt4cPxPEu-X05mzTS9ub-6bsY3aVtQkqWjgpc10BqDEBSy0ZxgSeWck1wKSeoS6go4HeWVILXEUkoKlNa1KItSZgKL_Cz51Ouunf21AR_YSvkWtOYG7Mazssa4wjWJwKoHtnGo3oFkaxfn4Q6MYNa5zpasM5d15rLOdfbsOttH6sdjjc18BeIv8WhzBHztATul4fDfwmzSTO9jFPlpz-8mvn_hc_fESppH1s-7K1Y0D3Q6faTsR_4HbNXRXA</recordid><startdate>200611</startdate><enddate>200611</enddate><creator>Gullu, Hakan</creator><creator>Erdogan, Dogan</creator><creator>Caliskan, Mustafa</creator><creator>Tok, Derya</creator><creator>Yildirim, Erkan</creator><creator>Ulus, Taner</creator><creator>Turan Sezgin, Alpay</creator><creator>Muderrisoglu, Haldun</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200611</creationdate><title>Interrelationship Between Noninvasive Predictors of Atherosclerosis: Transthoracic Coronary Flow Reserve, Flow-Mediated Dilation, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Aortic Stiffness, Aortic Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Brachial Artery Diameter</title><author>Gullu, Hakan ; Erdogan, Dogan ; Caliskan, Mustafa ; Tok, Derya ; Yildirim, Erkan ; Ulus, Taner ; Turan Sezgin, Alpay ; Muderrisoglu, Haldun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4712-54a69e790edd7e25b10f7fba13fdf196e98ea7538d19f0fff7e7799d646f2d0d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aorta, Thoracic - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Aorta, Thoracic - physiopathology</topic><topic>Arteries - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Arteries - pathology</topic><topic>Arteries - physiopathology</topic><topic>atherosclerosis surrogates</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Brachial Artery - pathology</topic><topic>Brachial Artery - physiopathology</topic><topic>brachial artery diameter</topic><topic>Carotid Artery, Common - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Carotid Artery, Common - pathology</topic><topic>Carotid Artery, Common - physiopathology</topic><topic>Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Coronary Artery Disease - pathology</topic><topic>Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology</topic><topic>Coronary Circulation</topic><topic>coronary flow reserve</topic><topic>Echocardiography</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Endothelium, Vascular - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - physiopathology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Research Design</topic><topic>Tunica Intima - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Tunica Intima - pathology</topic><topic>Tunica Intima - physiopathology</topic><topic>Tunica Media - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Tunica Media - pathology</topic><topic>Tunica Media - physiopathology</topic><topic>Ultrasonography, Interventional</topic><topic>Vascular Resistance</topic><topic>Vasodilation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gullu, Hakan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erdogan, Dogan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caliskan, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tok, Derya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yildirim, Erkan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ulus, Taner</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turan Sezgin, Alpay</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muderrisoglu, Haldun</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gullu, Hakan</au><au>Erdogan, Dogan</au><au>Caliskan, Mustafa</au><au>Tok, Derya</au><au>Yildirim, Erkan</au><au>Ulus, Taner</au><au>Turan Sezgin, Alpay</au><au>Muderrisoglu, Haldun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Interrelationship Between Noninvasive Predictors of Atherosclerosis: Transthoracic Coronary Flow Reserve, Flow-Mediated Dilation, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Aortic Stiffness, Aortic Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Brachial Artery Diameter</atitle><jtitle>Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Echocardiography</addtitle><date>2006-11</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>835</spage><epage>842</epage><pages>835-842</pages><issn>0742-2822</issn><eissn>1540-8175</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Background: In this study, we searched for a correlation between transthoracic coronary flow reserve (CFR) and well‐established surrogates of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: The study was conducted on 136 healthy subjects (mean age: 39.9 ± 7.3 years) who were free of coronary risk factors. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to measure the aortic stiffness index (AoSI), aortic distensibility (AoD), and aortic elastic modulus (AoEM). High‐resolution ultrasound was used to measure brachial artery endothelium‐dependent and independent vasomotion and carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT). In addition, transthoracic second harmonic Doppler echocardiography was used to measure CFR. Results: All of the parameters significantly correlated with each other except brachial endothelium‐independent dilation. CFR correlated significantly with brachial endothelium‐dependent dilation (EDD) (r = 0.302, P < 0.01), carotid IMT (r =−0.388, P < 0.01), brachial artery diameter (r = 0.340, P < 0.01), AoD (r = 0.275, P < 0.01), AoS (r =−0.299, P < 0.01), and AoEM (r =−0.30,7 P < 0.01). Carotid IMT correlated significantly with brachial EDD and modestly with brachial artery diameter, AoD, AoS, and AoEM.
In multivariate analysis, carotid IMT (β=−0.323, P < 0.0001) and brachial artery diameter (β=−0.259, P = 0.001) were significant independent predictors of CFR. The left ventricular mass index (β= 0.371, P < 0.0001), brachial EDD (β=−0.232, P = 0.002), and CFR (β=−0.228, P = 0.003) were significant predictors for IMT. Conclusion: Transthoracic CFR correlated significantly with well‐established noninvasive predictors of atherosclerosis, and we suggest that it can be used as a surrogate for coronary atherosclerosis.]]></abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Inc</pub><pmid>17069601</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1540-8175.2006.00342.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.), 2006-11, Vol.23 (10), p.835-842 |
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| source | Wiley-Blackwell Journals; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Adult Aorta, Thoracic - diagnostic imaging Aorta, Thoracic - physiopathology Arteries - diagnostic imaging Arteries - pathology Arteries - physiopathology atherosclerosis surrogates Biomarkers - blood Blood Flow Velocity Blood Pressure Brachial Artery - diagnostic imaging Brachial Artery - pathology Brachial Artery - physiopathology brachial artery diameter Carotid Artery, Common - diagnostic imaging Carotid Artery, Common - pathology Carotid Artery, Common - physiopathology Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging Coronary Artery Disease - pathology Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology Coronary Circulation coronary flow reserve Echocardiography Elasticity Endothelium, Vascular - diagnostic imaging Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology Female Heart Rate Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging Heart Ventricles - physiopathology Humans Male Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Research Design Tunica Intima - diagnostic imaging Tunica Intima - pathology Tunica Intima - physiopathology Tunica Media - diagnostic imaging Tunica Media - pathology Tunica Media - physiopathology Ultrasonography, Interventional Vascular Resistance Vasodilation |
| title | Interrelationship Between Noninvasive Predictors of Atherosclerosis: Transthoracic Coronary Flow Reserve, Flow-Mediated Dilation, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Aortic Stiffness, Aortic Distensibility, Elastic Modulus, and Brachial Artery Diameter |
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