Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries
CONTEXT South Asians have high rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at younger ages compared with individuals from other countries but the reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of risk factors for AMI in native South Asians, especially at younger ages, compared wi...
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| creator | Joshi, Prashant Islam, Shofiqul Pais, Prem Reddy, Srinath Dorairaj, Prabhakaran Kazmi, Khawar Pandey, Mrigendra Raj Haque, Sirajul Mendis, Shanthi Rangarajan, Sumathy Yusuf, Salim |
| description | CONTEXT South Asians have high rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at younger ages compared with individuals from other countries but the reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of risk factors for AMI in native South Asians, especially at younger ages, compared with individuals from other countries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Standardized case-control study of 1732 cases with first AMI and 2204 controls matched by age and sex from 15 medical centers in 5 South Asian countries and 10 728 cases and 12 431 controls from other countries. Individuals were recruited to the study between February 1999 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association of risk factors for AMI. RESULTS The mean (SD) age for first AMI was lower in South Asian countries (53.0 [11.4] years) than in other countries (58.8 [12.2] years; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1001/jama.297.3.286 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68921814</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ama_id>205159</ama_id><sourcerecordid>68921814</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a333t-9ce74797d5be866094cace6189ea392487ccf1331d7cc416d7676ac37b2e5b1d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqF0UlLQzEQAOAgitblKniRXPT2araX5SjFpaAUXPBYpkkeRt9Sk_eE_nsjrXp0LjPMfMxhBqFjSsaUEHrxBg2MmVFjPmZabqERLbkueGn0NhoRYnShhBZ7aD-lN5KDcrWL9qhiTBlNRig8hPSOr8H2XUy46iK-gliv8P2qsxBdgBpP2wqi7UPX4tDix27oX_FlCtAmPOmaJUTv8EvIzWnrwmdwA9TpW876Vx8zGdo-Bp8O0U6VJ_5okw_Q8_XV0-S2uJvdTCeXdwVwzvvCWK-EMsqVC6-lJEZYsF5SbTxww4RW1laUc-pyIah0SioJlqsF8-WCOn6Aztd7l7H7GHzq501I1tc1tL4b0lxqw6im4l_ISL6SNCrD0w0cFo1382UMDcTV_OeKGZxtACQLdRWhtSH9OS1KXopvd7J2-Wm_U0ZKWhr-BeVwiYY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>20722697</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>American Medical Association Journals</source><creator>Joshi, Prashant ; Islam, Shofiqul ; Pais, Prem ; Reddy, Srinath ; Dorairaj, Prabhakaran ; Kazmi, Khawar ; Pandey, Mrigendra Raj ; Haque, Sirajul ; Mendis, Shanthi ; Rangarajan, Sumathy ; Yusuf, Salim</creator><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Prashant ; Islam, Shofiqul ; Pais, Prem ; Reddy, Srinath ; Dorairaj, Prabhakaran ; Kazmi, Khawar ; Pandey, Mrigendra Raj ; Haque, Sirajul ; Mendis, Shanthi ; Rangarajan, Sumathy ; Yusuf, Salim</creatorcontrib><description>CONTEXT South Asians have high rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at younger ages compared with individuals from other countries but the reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of risk factors for AMI in native South Asians, especially at younger ages, compared with individuals from other countries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Standardized case-control study of 1732 cases with first AMI and 2204 controls matched by age and sex from 15 medical centers in 5 South Asian countries and 10 728 cases and 12 431 controls from other countries. Individuals were recruited to the study between February 1999 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association of risk factors for AMI. RESULTS The mean (SD) age for first AMI was lower in South Asian countries (53.0 [11.4] years) than in other countries (58.8 [12.2] years; P<.001). Protective factors were lower in South Asian controls than in controls from other countries (moderate- or high-intensity exercise, 6.1% vs 21.6%; daily intake of fruits and vegetables, 26.5% vs 45.2%; alcohol consumption ≥once/wk, 10.7% vs 26.9%). However, some harmful factors were more common in native South Asians than in individuals from other countries (elevated apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio, 43.8% vs 31.8%; history of diabetes, 9.5% vs 7.2%). Similar relative associations were found in South Asians compared with individuals from other countries for the risk factors of current and former smoking, apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, waist-to-hip ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, psychosocial factors such as depression and stress at work or home, regular moderate- or high-intensity exercise, and daily intake of fruits and vegetables. Alcohol consumption was not found to be a risk factor for AMI in South Asians. The combined odds ratio for all 9 risk factors was similar in South Asians (123.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 38.7-400.2] and in individuals from other countries (125.7; 95% CI, 88.5-178.4). The similarities in the odds ratios for the risk factors explained a high and similar degree of population attributable risk in both groups (85.8% [95% CI, 78.0%-93.7%] vs 88.2% [95% CI, 86.3%-89.9%], respectively). When stratified by age, South Asians had more risk factors at ages younger than 60 years. After adjusting for all 9 risk factors, the predictive probability of classifying an AMI case as being younger than 40 years was similar in individuals from South Asian countries and those from other countries. CONCLUSION The earlier age of AMI in South Asians can be largely explained by higher risk factor levels at younger ages.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0098-7484</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-3598</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1001/jama.297.3.286</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17227980</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chicago, IL: American Medical Association</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Asia, Western ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary heart disease ; Epidemiology ; Female ; General aspects ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction - ethnology ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Risk Factors</subject><ispartof>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, 2007-01, Vol.297 (3), p.286-294</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a333t-9ce74797d5be866094cace6189ea392487ccf1331d7cc416d7676ac37b2e5b1d3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/articlepdf/10.1001/jama.297.3.286$$EPDF$$P50$$Gama$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.297.3.286$$EHTML$$P50$$Gama$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>64,314,780,784,3340,27924,27925,76489,76492</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18453540$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17227980$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Prashant</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, Shofiqul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pais, Prem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reddy, Srinath</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dorairaj, Prabhakaran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazmi, Khawar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Mrigendra Raj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haque, Sirajul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mendis, Shanthi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangarajan, Sumathy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yusuf, Salim</creatorcontrib><title>Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries</title><title>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</title><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><description>CONTEXT South Asians have high rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at younger ages compared with individuals from other countries but the reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of risk factors for AMI in native South Asians, especially at younger ages, compared with individuals from other countries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Standardized case-control study of 1732 cases with first AMI and 2204 controls matched by age and sex from 15 medical centers in 5 South Asian countries and 10 728 cases and 12 431 controls from other countries. Individuals were recruited to the study between February 1999 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association of risk factors for AMI. RESULTS The mean (SD) age for first AMI was lower in South Asian countries (53.0 [11.4] years) than in other countries (58.8 [12.2] years; P<.001). Protective factors were lower in South Asian controls than in controls from other countries (moderate- or high-intensity exercise, 6.1% vs 21.6%; daily intake of fruits and vegetables, 26.5% vs 45.2%; alcohol consumption ≥once/wk, 10.7% vs 26.9%). However, some harmful factors were more common in native South Asians than in individuals from other countries (elevated apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio, 43.8% vs 31.8%; history of diabetes, 9.5% vs 7.2%). Similar relative associations were found in South Asians compared with individuals from other countries for the risk factors of current and former smoking, apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, waist-to-hip ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, psychosocial factors such as depression and stress at work or home, regular moderate- or high-intensity exercise, and daily intake of fruits and vegetables. Alcohol consumption was not found to be a risk factor for AMI in South Asians. The combined odds ratio for all 9 risk factors was similar in South Asians (123.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 38.7-400.2] and in individuals from other countries (125.7; 95% CI, 88.5-178.4). The similarities in the odds ratios for the risk factors explained a high and similar degree of population attributable risk in both groups (85.8% [95% CI, 78.0%-93.7%] vs 88.2% [95% CI, 86.3%-89.9%], respectively). When stratified by age, South Asians had more risk factors at ages younger than 60 years. After adjusting for all 9 risk factors, the predictive probability of classifying an AMI case as being younger than 40 years was similar in individuals from South Asian countries and those from other countries. CONCLUSION The earlier age of AMI in South Asians can be largely explained by higher risk factor levels at younger ages.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Asia, Western</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - ethnology</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><issn>0098-7484</issn><issn>1538-3598</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0UlLQzEQAOAgitblKniRXPT2araX5SjFpaAUXPBYpkkeRt9Sk_eE_nsjrXp0LjPMfMxhBqFjSsaUEHrxBg2MmVFjPmZabqERLbkueGn0NhoRYnShhBZ7aD-lN5KDcrWL9qhiTBlNRig8hPSOr8H2XUy46iK-gliv8P2qsxBdgBpP2wqi7UPX4tDix27oX_FlCtAmPOmaJUTv8EvIzWnrwmdwA9TpW876Vx8zGdo-Bp8O0U6VJ_5okw_Q8_XV0-S2uJvdTCeXdwVwzvvCWK-EMsqVC6-lJEZYsF5SbTxww4RW1laUc-pyIah0SioJlqsF8-WCOn6Aztd7l7H7GHzq501I1tc1tL4b0lxqw6im4l_ISL6SNCrD0w0cFo1382UMDcTV_OeKGZxtACQLdRWhtSH9OS1KXopvd7J2-Wm_U0ZKWhr-BeVwiYY</recordid><startdate>20070117</startdate><enddate>20070117</enddate><creator>Joshi, Prashant</creator><creator>Islam, Shofiqul</creator><creator>Pais, Prem</creator><creator>Reddy, Srinath</creator><creator>Dorairaj, Prabhakaran</creator><creator>Kazmi, Khawar</creator><creator>Pandey, Mrigendra Raj</creator><creator>Haque, Sirajul</creator><creator>Mendis, Shanthi</creator><creator>Rangarajan, Sumathy</creator><creator>Yusuf, Salim</creator><general>American Medical Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070117</creationdate><title>Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries</title><author>Joshi, Prashant ; Islam, Shofiqul ; Pais, Prem ; Reddy, Srinath ; Dorairaj, Prabhakaran ; Kazmi, Khawar ; Pandey, Mrigendra Raj ; Haque, Sirajul ; Mendis, Shanthi ; Rangarajan, Sumathy ; Yusuf, Salim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a333t-9ce74797d5be866094cace6189ea392487ccf1331d7cc416d7676ac37b2e5b1d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Asia, Western</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - ethnology</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Prashant</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, Shofiqul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pais, Prem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reddy, Srinath</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dorairaj, Prabhakaran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazmi, Khawar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Mrigendra Raj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haque, Sirajul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mendis, Shanthi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangarajan, Sumathy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yusuf, Salim</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Joshi, Prashant</au><au>Islam, Shofiqul</au><au>Pais, Prem</au><au>Reddy, Srinath</au><au>Dorairaj, Prabhakaran</au><au>Kazmi, Khawar</au><au>Pandey, Mrigendra Raj</au><au>Haque, Sirajul</au><au>Mendis, Shanthi</au><au>Rangarajan, Sumathy</au><au>Yusuf, Salim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries</atitle><jtitle>JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association</jtitle><addtitle>JAMA</addtitle><date>2007-01-17</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>297</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>286</spage><epage>294</epage><pages>286-294</pages><issn>0098-7484</issn><eissn>1538-3598</eissn><abstract>CONTEXT South Asians have high rates of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at younger ages compared with individuals from other countries but the reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of risk factors for AMI in native South Asians, especially at younger ages, compared with individuals from other countries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Standardized case-control study of 1732 cases with first AMI and 2204 controls matched by age and sex from 15 medical centers in 5 South Asian countries and 10 728 cases and 12 431 controls from other countries. Individuals were recruited to the study between February 1999 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Association of risk factors for AMI. RESULTS The mean (SD) age for first AMI was lower in South Asian countries (53.0 [11.4] years) than in other countries (58.8 [12.2] years; P<.001). Protective factors were lower in South Asian controls than in controls from other countries (moderate- or high-intensity exercise, 6.1% vs 21.6%; daily intake of fruits and vegetables, 26.5% vs 45.2%; alcohol consumption ≥once/wk, 10.7% vs 26.9%). However, some harmful factors were more common in native South Asians than in individuals from other countries (elevated apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio, 43.8% vs 31.8%; history of diabetes, 9.5% vs 7.2%). Similar relative associations were found in South Asians compared with individuals from other countries for the risk factors of current and former smoking, apolipoprotein B100 /apolipoprotein A-I ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, waist-to-hip ratio for the top vs lowest tertile, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, psychosocial factors such as depression and stress at work or home, regular moderate- or high-intensity exercise, and daily intake of fruits and vegetables. Alcohol consumption was not found to be a risk factor for AMI in South Asians. The combined odds ratio for all 9 risk factors was similar in South Asians (123.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 38.7-400.2] and in individuals from other countries (125.7; 95% CI, 88.5-178.4). The similarities in the odds ratios for the risk factors explained a high and similar degree of population attributable risk in both groups (85.8% [95% CI, 78.0%-93.7%] vs 88.2% [95% CI, 86.3%-89.9%], respectively). When stratified by age, South Asians had more risk factors at ages younger than 60 years. After adjusting for all 9 risk factors, the predictive probability of classifying an AMI case as being younger than 40 years was similar in individuals from South Asian countries and those from other countries. CONCLUSION The earlier age of AMI in South Asians can be largely explained by higher risk factor levels at younger ages.</abstract><cop>Chicago, IL</cop><pub>American Medical Association</pub><pmid>17227980</pmid><doi>10.1001/jama.297.3.286</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Aged Asia, Western Asian Continental Ancestry Group Biological and medical sciences Cardiology. Vascular system Case-Control Studies Coronary heart disease Epidemiology Female General aspects Heart Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Myocardial Infarction - ethnology Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk Factors |
| title | Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries |
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