Natural expansion of the genetic code
At the time of its discovery four decades ago, the genetic code was viewed as the result of a “frozen accident.” Our current knowledge of the translation process and of the detailed structure of its components highlights the roles of RNA structure (in mRNA and tRNA), RNA modification (in tRNA), and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature chemical biology 2007-01, Vol.3 (1), p.29-35 |
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| creator | Ambrogelly, Alexandre Palioura, Sotiria Söll, Dieter |
| description | At the time of its discovery four decades ago, the genetic code was viewed as the result of a “frozen accident.” Our current knowledge of the translation process and of the detailed structure of its components highlights the roles of RNA structure (in mRNA and tRNA), RNA modification (in tRNA), and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase diversity in the evolution of the genetic code. The diverse assortment of codon reassignments present in subcellular organelles and organisms of distinct lineages has 'thawed' the concept of a universal immutable code; it may not be accidental that out of more than 140 amino acids found in natural proteins, only two (selenocysteine and pyrrolysine) are known to have been added to the standard 20-member amino acid alphabet. The existence of phosphoseryl-tRNA (in the form of tRNA
Cys
and tRNA
Sec
) may presage the discovery of other cotranslationally inserted modified amino acids. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/nchembio847 |
| format | Article |
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Sec
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Sec
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The diverse assortment of codon reassignments present in subcellular organelles and organisms of distinct lineages has 'thawed' the concept of a universal immutable code; it may not be accidental that out of more than 140 amino acids found in natural proteins, only two (selenocysteine and pyrrolysine) are known to have been added to the standard 20-member amino acid alphabet. The existence of phosphoseryl-tRNA (in the form of tRNA
Cys
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Sec
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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1552-4450 |
| ispartof | Nature chemical biology, 2007-01, Vol.3 (1), p.29-35 |
| issn | 1552-4450 1552-4469 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals; Nature Journals Online |
| subjects | Amino acids Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases - genetics Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases - metabolism Archaea - chemistry Archaea - genetics Biochemical Engineering Biochemistry Bioorganic Chemistry Cell Biology Cellular biology Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Chemistry/Food Science Eukaryotic Cells - chemistry Evolution, Molecular Genetic Code Genomics Lysine - analogs & derivatives Lysine - chemistry Lysine - genetics Molecular Structure perspective Proteins Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA - chemistry RNA - genetics Selenocysteine - chemistry Selenocysteine - genetics |
| title | Natural expansion of the genetic code |
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