Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage

In order to assess the role of heterologous immunity on tolerance induction (TI) by signal 1 modification, the influence of rat cytomegalovirus infection (RCMVI) on TI by a non‐depleting monoclonal anti‐CD4 mAb (monoclonal antibody) (RIB 5/2) in a rat kidney transplant (KTx) model was investigated....

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:American journal of transplantation 2006-09, Vol.6 (9), p.2035-2045
Hauptverfasser: Pascher, A., Proesch, S., Pratschke, J., Reutzel‐Selke, A., Sawitzki, B., Lehmann, M., Tullius, S. G., Neuhaus, P., Volk, H.‐D., Reinke, P.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 2045
container_issue 9
container_start_page 2035
container_title American journal of transplantation
container_volume 6
creator Pascher, A.
Proesch, S.
Pratschke, J.
Reutzel‐Selke, A.
Sawitzki, B.
Lehmann, M.
Tullius, S. G.
Neuhaus, P.
Volk, H.‐D.
Reinke, P.
description In order to assess the role of heterologous immunity on tolerance induction (TI) by signal 1 modification, the influence of rat cytomegalovirus infection (RCMVI) on TI by a non‐depleting monoclonal anti‐CD4 mAb (monoclonal antibody) (RIB 5/2) in a rat kidney transplant (KTx) model was investigated. Orthotopic rat KTx (Dark Agouty (DA) → Lewis (LEW)) was performed after TI with RIB 5/2 [10 mg/kg body weight (BW); day –1, 0, 1, 2, 3; i.p. (intraperitoneal route)]. RCMVI (5 × 10E5 Plaque forming units [PFU] i.p.) was simultaneously conducted to KTx, 50 days after KTx, and 14 days before and after KTx. RIB 5/2 induced robust allograft tolerance even across the high‐responder strain barrier. RCMVI broke RIB 5/2‐induced tolerance regardless of the time of RCMVI but did not induce acute graft failure during the 120 days follow‐up. RCMVI induced a significant chronic deterioration of allograft function (p < 0.01) and enhanced morphological signs of chronic allograft damage (p < 0.05). Cellular infiltrates and major histo‐compatibility complex (MHC)‐expression were more pronounced (p < 0.05) in the infected groups. RCMVI induced not only RCMV‐specific T‐cell response but also enhanced the frequency of alloreactive T cells. RCMV interferes with anti‐CD4 mAb‐induced tolerance and leads to chronic allograft damage. The data we presented suggest a potentially important role of viral infections and their prophylaxis in clinical TI protocols. In a protocol using a monoclonal anti‐CD4 antibody that produces robust allograft survival, rat cytomegalovirus infection interfered with long‐term survival, with deterioration of function and morphology, indicating that CMV infection may interfere with favorable immunologic changes induced by anti‐CD4 antibody.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01453.x
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68791667</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>20836632</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4283-9ac650790e98f55c9f37b9ea4c1bf91578580b4efb5e21091093ee975f9c48643</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkc1u1DAURiMEoqXwCsgbUFlMasexYy9YhLTAoFZI1bC2HOd66lF-ip20nV0foc_Ik-Awo3ZJLUv-JJ97r-WTJIjglMR1skkJx3jBSU7TDGOeYpIzmt69SA4fL14-ZsoOkjchbDAmRSay18kB4YJLgfFhcn-pR1Rtx6GDtW6HG-engJa9BTO6oY9pBG_BQ0C3brxCZT-6P_cP1WmOurKO6fhy-QWxk-wTuoDG6REatBpa8Lo3gHTfxA7NZGJ5deWH3hlUtu2w9tqO6FR3eg1vk1dWtwHe7c-j5NfXs1X1fXH-89uyKs8XJs8EXUhtOMOFxCCFZcxIS4tags4Nqa0krBBM4DoHWzPICJZxUwBZMCtNLnhOj5KPu77Xfvg9QRhV54KBttU9DFNQXBSScF78F8ywoJzTLIJiBxo_hODBqmvvOu23imA1a1IbNRtQsw01a1L_NKm7WPp-P2OqO2ieCvdeIvBhD-hgdGvn_3ThiRO4IKSYuc877ta1sH32A1T5YzUn-heYIK3c</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>20836632</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Pascher, A. ; Proesch, S. ; Pratschke, J. ; Reutzel‐Selke, A. ; Sawitzki, B. ; Lehmann, M. ; Tullius, S. G. ; Neuhaus, P. ; Volk, H.‐D. ; Reinke, P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Pascher, A. ; Proesch, S. ; Pratschke, J. ; Reutzel‐Selke, A. ; Sawitzki, B. ; Lehmann, M. ; Tullius, S. G. ; Neuhaus, P. ; Volk, H.‐D. ; Reinke, P.</creatorcontrib><description>In order to assess the role of heterologous immunity on tolerance induction (TI) by signal 1 modification, the influence of rat cytomegalovirus infection (RCMVI) on TI by a non‐depleting monoclonal anti‐CD4 mAb (monoclonal antibody) (RIB 5/2) in a rat kidney transplant (KTx) model was investigated. Orthotopic rat KTx (Dark Agouty (DA) → Lewis (LEW)) was performed after TI with RIB 5/2 [10 mg/kg body weight (BW); day –1, 0, 1, 2, 3; i.p. (intraperitoneal route)]. RCMVI (5 × 10E5 Plaque forming units [PFU] i.p.) was simultaneously conducted to KTx, 50 days after KTx, and 14 days before and after KTx. RIB 5/2 induced robust allograft tolerance even across the high‐responder strain barrier. RCMVI broke RIB 5/2‐induced tolerance regardless of the time of RCMVI but did not induce acute graft failure during the 120 days follow‐up. RCMVI induced a significant chronic deterioration of allograft function (p &lt; 0.01) and enhanced morphological signs of chronic allograft damage (p &lt; 0.05). Cellular infiltrates and major histo‐compatibility complex (MHC)‐expression were more pronounced (p &lt; 0.05) in the infected groups. RCMVI induced not only RCMV‐specific T‐cell response but also enhanced the frequency of alloreactive T cells. RCMV interferes with anti‐CD4 mAb‐induced tolerance and leads to chronic allograft damage. The data we presented suggest a potentially important role of viral infections and their prophylaxis in clinical TI protocols. In a protocol using a monoclonal anti‐CD4 antibody that produces robust allograft survival, rat cytomegalovirus infection interfered with long‐term survival, with deterioration of function and morphology, indicating that CMV infection may interfere with favorable immunologic changes induced by anti‐CD4 antibody.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1600-6135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-6143</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01453.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16869800</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use ; Biological and medical sciences ; CD4 Antigens - immunology ; Chronic Disease ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology ; Graft Survival ; heterologous immunity ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunosuppression Therapy ; Kidney Diseases - immunology ; Kidney Diseases - virology ; kidney transplantation ; Kidney Transplantation - immunology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Muromegalovirus - immunology ; Rat cytomegalovirus ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases ; Surgery of the urinary system ; T-Lymphocytes - immunology ; tolerance induction ; Transplantation, Homologous - pathology</subject><ispartof>American journal of transplantation, 2006-09, Vol.6 (9), p.2035-2045</ispartof><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4283-9ac650790e98f55c9f37b9ea4c1bf91578580b4efb5e21091093ee975f9c48643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4283-9ac650790e98f55c9f37b9ea4c1bf91578580b4efb5e21091093ee975f9c48643</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1600-6143.2006.01453.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1600-6143.2006.01453.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=18071170$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16869800$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pascher, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proesch, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pratschke, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reutzel‐Selke, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawitzki, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lehmann, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tullius, S. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neuhaus, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volk, H.‐D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reinke, P.</creatorcontrib><title>Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage</title><title>American journal of transplantation</title><addtitle>Am J Transplant</addtitle><description>In order to assess the role of heterologous immunity on tolerance induction (TI) by signal 1 modification, the influence of rat cytomegalovirus infection (RCMVI) on TI by a non‐depleting monoclonal anti‐CD4 mAb (monoclonal antibody) (RIB 5/2) in a rat kidney transplant (KTx) model was investigated. Orthotopic rat KTx (Dark Agouty (DA) → Lewis (LEW)) was performed after TI with RIB 5/2 [10 mg/kg body weight (BW); day –1, 0, 1, 2, 3; i.p. (intraperitoneal route)]. RCMVI (5 × 10E5 Plaque forming units [PFU] i.p.) was simultaneously conducted to KTx, 50 days after KTx, and 14 days before and after KTx. RIB 5/2 induced robust allograft tolerance even across the high‐responder strain barrier. RCMVI broke RIB 5/2‐induced tolerance regardless of the time of RCMVI but did not induce acute graft failure during the 120 days follow‐up. RCMVI induced a significant chronic deterioration of allograft function (p &lt; 0.01) and enhanced morphological signs of chronic allograft damage (p &lt; 0.05). Cellular infiltrates and major histo‐compatibility complex (MHC)‐expression were more pronounced (p &lt; 0.05) in the infected groups. RCMVI induced not only RCMV‐specific T‐cell response but also enhanced the frequency of alloreactive T cells. RCMV interferes with anti‐CD4 mAb‐induced tolerance and leads to chronic allograft damage. The data we presented suggest a potentially important role of viral infections and their prophylaxis in clinical TI protocols. In a protocol using a monoclonal anti‐CD4 antibody that produces robust allograft survival, rat cytomegalovirus infection interfered with long‐term survival, with deterioration of function and morphology, indicating that CMV infection may interfere with favorable immunologic changes induced by anti‐CD4 antibody.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>CD4 Antigens - immunology</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Cytomegalovirus</subject><subject>Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology</subject><subject>Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology</subject><subject>Graft Survival</subject><subject>heterologous immunity</subject><subject>Immune Tolerance</subject><subject>Immunosuppression Therapy</subject><subject>Kidney Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Kidney Diseases - virology</subject><subject>kidney transplantation</subject><subject>Kidney Transplantation - immunology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Muromegalovirus - immunology</subject><subject>Rat cytomegalovirus</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Inbred Lew</subject><subject>Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases</subject><subject>Surgery of the urinary system</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes - immunology</subject><subject>tolerance induction</subject><subject>Transplantation, Homologous - pathology</subject><issn>1600-6135</issn><issn>1600-6143</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAURiMEoqXwCsgbUFlMasexYy9YhLTAoFZI1bC2HOd66lF-ip20nV0foc_Ik-Awo3ZJLUv-JJ97r-WTJIjglMR1skkJx3jBSU7TDGOeYpIzmt69SA4fL14-ZsoOkjchbDAmRSay18kB4YJLgfFhcn-pR1Rtx6GDtW6HG-engJa9BTO6oY9pBG_BQ0C3brxCZT-6P_cP1WmOurKO6fhy-QWxk-wTuoDG6REatBpa8Lo3gHTfxA7NZGJ5deWH3hlUtu2w9tqO6FR3eg1vk1dWtwHe7c-j5NfXs1X1fXH-89uyKs8XJs8EXUhtOMOFxCCFZcxIS4tags4Nqa0krBBM4DoHWzPICJZxUwBZMCtNLnhOj5KPu77Xfvg9QRhV54KBttU9DFNQXBSScF78F8ywoJzTLIJiBxo_hODBqmvvOu23imA1a1IbNRtQsw01a1L_NKm7WPp-P2OqO2ieCvdeIvBhD-hgdGvn_3ThiRO4IKSYuc877ta1sH32A1T5YzUn-heYIK3c</recordid><startdate>200609</startdate><enddate>200609</enddate><creator>Pascher, A.</creator><creator>Proesch, S.</creator><creator>Pratschke, J.</creator><creator>Reutzel‐Selke, A.</creator><creator>Sawitzki, B.</creator><creator>Lehmann, M.</creator><creator>Tullius, S. G.</creator><creator>Neuhaus, P.</creator><creator>Volk, H.‐D.</creator><creator>Reinke, P.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200609</creationdate><title>Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage</title><author>Pascher, A. ; Proesch, S. ; Pratschke, J. ; Reutzel‐Selke, A. ; Sawitzki, B. ; Lehmann, M. ; Tullius, S. G. ; Neuhaus, P. ; Volk, H.‐D. ; Reinke, P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4283-9ac650790e98f55c9f37b9ea4c1bf91578580b4efb5e21091093ee975f9c48643</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>CD4 Antigens - immunology</topic><topic>Chronic Disease</topic><topic>Cytomegalovirus</topic><topic>Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology</topic><topic>Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology</topic><topic>Graft Survival</topic><topic>heterologous immunity</topic><topic>Immune Tolerance</topic><topic>Immunosuppression Therapy</topic><topic>Kidney Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Kidney Diseases - virology</topic><topic>kidney transplantation</topic><topic>Kidney Transplantation - immunology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Muromegalovirus - immunology</topic><topic>Rat cytomegalovirus</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Inbred Lew</topic><topic>Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases</topic><topic>Surgery of the urinary system</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes - immunology</topic><topic>tolerance induction</topic><topic>Transplantation, Homologous - pathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pascher, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Proesch, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pratschke, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reutzel‐Selke, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawitzki, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lehmann, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tullius, S. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neuhaus, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volk, H.‐D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reinke, P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of transplantation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pascher, A.</au><au>Proesch, S.</au><au>Pratschke, J.</au><au>Reutzel‐Selke, A.</au><au>Sawitzki, B.</au><au>Lehmann, M.</au><au>Tullius, S. G.</au><au>Neuhaus, P.</au><au>Volk, H.‐D.</au><au>Reinke, P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage</atitle><jtitle>American journal of transplantation</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Transplant</addtitle><date>2006-09</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2035</spage><epage>2045</epage><pages>2035-2045</pages><issn>1600-6135</issn><eissn>1600-6143</eissn><abstract>In order to assess the role of heterologous immunity on tolerance induction (TI) by signal 1 modification, the influence of rat cytomegalovirus infection (RCMVI) on TI by a non‐depleting monoclonal anti‐CD4 mAb (monoclonal antibody) (RIB 5/2) in a rat kidney transplant (KTx) model was investigated. Orthotopic rat KTx (Dark Agouty (DA) → Lewis (LEW)) was performed after TI with RIB 5/2 [10 mg/kg body weight (BW); day –1, 0, 1, 2, 3; i.p. (intraperitoneal route)]. RCMVI (5 × 10E5 Plaque forming units [PFU] i.p.) was simultaneously conducted to KTx, 50 days after KTx, and 14 days before and after KTx. RIB 5/2 induced robust allograft tolerance even across the high‐responder strain barrier. RCMVI broke RIB 5/2‐induced tolerance regardless of the time of RCMVI but did not induce acute graft failure during the 120 days follow‐up. RCMVI induced a significant chronic deterioration of allograft function (p &lt; 0.01) and enhanced morphological signs of chronic allograft damage (p &lt; 0.05). Cellular infiltrates and major histo‐compatibility complex (MHC)‐expression were more pronounced (p &lt; 0.05) in the infected groups. RCMVI induced not only RCMV‐specific T‐cell response but also enhanced the frequency of alloreactive T cells. RCMV interferes with anti‐CD4 mAb‐induced tolerance and leads to chronic allograft damage. The data we presented suggest a potentially important role of viral infections and their prophylaxis in clinical TI protocols. In a protocol using a monoclonal anti‐CD4 antibody that produces robust allograft survival, rat cytomegalovirus infection interfered with long‐term survival, with deterioration of function and morphology, indicating that CMV infection may interfere with favorable immunologic changes induced by anti‐CD4 antibody.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>16869800</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01453.x</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1600-6135
ispartof American journal of transplantation, 2006-09, Vol.6 (9), p.2035-2045
issn 1600-6135
1600-6143
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68791667
source MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Wiley Online Library All Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
CD4 Antigens - immunology
Chronic Disease
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology
Cytomegalovirus Infections - virology
Graft Survival
heterologous immunity
Immune Tolerance
Immunosuppression Therapy
Kidney Diseases - immunology
Kidney Diseases - virology
kidney transplantation
Kidney Transplantation - immunology
Male
Medical sciences
Muromegalovirus - immunology
Rat cytomegalovirus
Rats
Rats, Inbred Lew
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
Surgery of the urinary system
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
tolerance induction
Transplantation, Homologous - pathology
title Rat Cytomegalovirus Infection Interferes with Anti‐CD4 mAb‐(RIB 5/2) Mediated Tolerance and Induces Chronic Allograft Damage
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-10T12%3A19%3A18IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rat%20Cytomegalovirus%20Infection%20Interferes%20with%20Anti%E2%80%90CD4%20mAb%E2%80%90(RIB%205/2)%20Mediated%20Tolerance%20and%20Induces%20Chronic%20Allograft%20Damage&rft.jtitle=American%20journal%20of%20transplantation&rft.au=Pascher,%20A.&rft.date=2006-09&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2035&rft.epage=2045&rft.pages=2035-2045&rft.issn=1600-6135&rft.eissn=1600-6143&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01453.x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E20836632%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=20836632&rft_id=info:pmid/16869800&rfr_iscdi=true