In situ measurements of nitrate leaching implicate poor nitrogen and irrigation management on sandy soils
Minimizing the risk of nitrate contamination along the waterways of the U.S. Great Plains is essential to continued irrigated corn production and quality water supplies. The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2005-11, Vol.34 (6), p.2243-2254 |
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| creator | Gehl, R.J Schmidt, J.P Stone, L.R Schlegel, A.J Clark, G.A |
| description | Minimizing the risk of nitrate contamination along the waterways of the U.S. Great Plains is essential to continued irrigated corn production and quality water supplies. The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixed, mesic Lamellic Haplustalfs]) and to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and irrigation management strategies on NO3 leaching in irrigated corn. Two irrigation schedules (1.0x and 1.25x optimum) were combined with six N fertilizer treatments broadcast as NH4NO3 (kg N ha(-1)): 300 and 250 applied pre-plant; 250 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 185 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 125 applied pre-plant and sidedress; and 0. Porous-cup tensiometers and solution samplers were installed in each of the four highest N treatments. Soil solution samples were collected during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Maximum corn grain yield was achieved with 125 or 185 kg N ha(-1), regardless of the irrigation schedule (IS). The 1.25x IS exacerbated the amount of NO3 leached below the 152-cm depth in the preplant N treatments, with a mean of 146 kg N ha(-1) for the 250 and 300 kg N preplant applications compared with 12 kg N ha(-1) for the same N treatments and 1.0x IS. With 185 kg N ha(-1), the 1.25x IS treatment resulted in 74 kg N ha(-1) leached compared with 10 kg N ha(-1) for the 1.0x IS. Appropriate irrigation scheduling and N fertilizer rates are essential to improving N management practices on these sandy soils. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2005.0047 |
| format | Article |
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The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixed, mesic Lamellic Haplustalfs]) and to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and irrigation management strategies on NO3 leaching in irrigated corn. Two irrigation schedules (1.0x and 1.25x optimum) were combined with six N fertilizer treatments broadcast as NH4NO3 (kg N ha(-1)): 300 and 250 applied pre-plant; 250 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 185 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 125 applied pre-plant and sidedress; and 0. Porous-cup tensiometers and solution samplers were installed in each of the four highest N treatments. Soil solution samples were collected during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Maximum corn grain yield was achieved with 125 or 185 kg N ha(-1), regardless of the irrigation schedule (IS). The 1.25x IS exacerbated the amount of NO3 leached below the 152-cm depth in the preplant N treatments, with a mean of 146 kg N ha(-1) for the 250 and 300 kg N preplant applications compared with 12 kg N ha(-1) for the same N treatments and 1.0x IS. With 185 kg N ha(-1), the 1.25x IS treatment resulted in 74 kg N ha(-1) leached compared with 10 kg N ha(-1) for the 1.0x IS. Appropriate irrigation scheduling and N fertilizer rates are essential to improving N management practices on these sandy soils.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2005.0047</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16275726</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</publisher><subject>Agriculture - methods ; Agriculture - organization & administration ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; ammonium nitrate ; Applied sciences ; Biological and medical sciences ; Corn ; Crop production ; drinking water ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental quality ; Exact sciences and technology ; fertilizer rates ; Fertilizers ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; grain yield ; groundwater contamination ; Groundwater pollution ; Growing season ; human health ; In situ measurement ; Irrigation ; Irrigation scheduling ; Kansas ; Leaching ; Nitrate content ; nitrate nitrogen ; Nitrates ; Nitrates - analysis ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - metabolism ; nitrogen fertilizers ; Plant Roots ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Random Allocation ; Risk reduction ; Samplers ; Sandy soils ; Silicon Dioxide ; Soil ; Soil contamination ; Soil solution ; Soil testing ; soil texture ; Tensiometers ; Water management ; water pollution ; water quality ; Water supply ; Waterways ; Zea mays</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2005-11, Vol.34 (6), p.2243-2254</ispartof><rights>ASA, CSSA, SSSA</rights><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Nov/Dec 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5467-116d1fe8409deaa149a7222803ea6093a11228b9639fe3b8703e48985061adec3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5467-116d1fe8409deaa149a7222803ea6093a11228b9639fe3b8703e48985061adec3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2005.0047$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2005.0047$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1412,27905,27906,45555,45556</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17256433$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16275726$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gehl, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, J.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, L.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlegel, A.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, G.A</creatorcontrib><title>In situ measurements of nitrate leaching implicate poor nitrogen and irrigation management on sandy soils</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>Minimizing the risk of nitrate contamination along the waterways of the U.S. Great Plains is essential to continued irrigated corn production and quality water supplies. The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixed, mesic Lamellic Haplustalfs]) and to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and irrigation management strategies on NO3 leaching in irrigated corn. Two irrigation schedules (1.0x and 1.25x optimum) were combined with six N fertilizer treatments broadcast as NH4NO3 (kg N ha(-1)): 300 and 250 applied pre-plant; 250 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 185 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 125 applied pre-plant and sidedress; and 0. Porous-cup tensiometers and solution samplers were installed in each of the four highest N treatments. Soil solution samples were collected during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Maximum corn grain yield was achieved with 125 or 185 kg N ha(-1), regardless of the irrigation schedule (IS). The 1.25x IS exacerbated the amount of NO3 leached below the 152-cm depth in the preplant N treatments, with a mean of 146 kg N ha(-1) for the 250 and 300 kg N preplant applications compared with 12 kg N ha(-1) for the same N treatments and 1.0x IS. With 185 kg N ha(-1), the 1.25x IS treatment resulted in 74 kg N ha(-1) leached compared with 10 kg N ha(-1) for the 1.0x IS. Appropriate irrigation scheduling and N fertilizer rates are essential to improving N management practices on these sandy soils.</description><subject>Agriculture - methods</subject><subject>Agriculture - organization & administration</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>ammonium nitrate</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Crop production</subject><subject>drinking water</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental quality</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>fertilizer rates</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>grain yield</subject><subject>groundwater contamination</subject><subject>Groundwater pollution</subject><subject>Growing season</subject><subject>human health</subject><subject>In situ measurement</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Irrigation scheduling</subject><subject>Kansas</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>Nitrate content</subject><subject>nitrate nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrates - analysis</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>nitrogen fertilizers</subject><subject>Plant Roots</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Samplers</subject><subject>Sandy soils</subject><subject>Silicon Dioxide</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil contamination</subject><subject>Soil solution</subject><subject>Soil testing</subject><subject>soil texture</subject><subject>Tensiometers</subject><subject>Water management</subject><subject>water pollution</subject><subject>water quality</subject><subject>Water supply</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1v1DAQhi0EotvCjTNYSOVEir8dH1FVoKgSQtCzNZs4wavE3tqJ0P57nG6kShwoB9uamWfeGflF6BUlF4xy8WHn7hgh8oIQoZ-gDZVcV6xcT9FmSVVMMHmCTnPeEUIZ0eo5OqGKaamZ2iB_HXD204xHB3lObnRhyjh2OPgpweTw4KD55UOP_bgffLOk9jGm-3rsXcAQWuxT8j1MPgY8QoD-XgaXKJfqAefoh_wCPetgyO7l-p6h209XPy-_VDffPl9ffrypGimUrihVLe1cLYhpHQAVBjRjrCbcgSKGA6Ul2hrFTef4ttalIGpTS6IotK7hZ-jdUXef4t3s8mRHnxs3DBBcnLNVtdaqdD8KMqO1kLX4D1BoTiR5FKTGCCMZK-Dbv8BdnFMo31IYzWshBS_Q-yPUpJhzcp3dJz9COlhK7GK9Xa23i88Ff71qztvRtQ_w6nUBzlcAcgNDlyA0Pj9wmklVxhbOHLnffnCHfw61X6--s-WUxLrEm2NvB9FCn4r-7Q9GKCeUCC5qyf8AJY_Pfg</recordid><startdate>200511</startdate><enddate>200511</enddate><creator>Gehl, R.J</creator><creator>Schmidt, J.P</creator><creator>Stone, L.R</creator><creator>Schlegel, A.J</creator><creator>Clark, G.A</creator><general>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</general><general>Crop Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200511</creationdate><title>In situ measurements of nitrate leaching implicate poor nitrogen and irrigation management on sandy soils</title><author>Gehl, R.J ; Schmidt, J.P ; Stone, L.R ; Schlegel, A.J ; Clark, G.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5467-116d1fe8409deaa149a7222803ea6093a11228b9639fe3b8703e48985061adec3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Agriculture - methods</topic><topic>Agriculture - organization & administration</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>ammonium nitrate</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Corn</topic><topic>Crop production</topic><topic>drinking water</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental quality</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>fertilizer rates</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>grain yield</topic><topic>groundwater contamination</topic><topic>Groundwater pollution</topic><topic>Growing season</topic><topic>human health</topic><topic>In situ measurement</topic><topic>Irrigation</topic><topic>Irrigation scheduling</topic><topic>Kansas</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>Nitrate content</topic><topic>nitrate nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrates - analysis</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrogen - metabolism</topic><topic>nitrogen fertilizers</topic><topic>Plant Roots</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Risk reduction</topic><topic>Samplers</topic><topic>Sandy soils</topic><topic>Silicon Dioxide</topic><topic>Soil</topic><topic>Soil contamination</topic><topic>Soil solution</topic><topic>Soil testing</topic><topic>soil texture</topic><topic>Tensiometers</topic><topic>Water management</topic><topic>water pollution</topic><topic>water quality</topic><topic>Water supply</topic><topic>Waterways</topic><topic>Zea mays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gehl, R.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, J.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, L.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlegel, A.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clark, G.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental quality</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gehl, R.J</au><au>Schmidt, J.P</au><au>Stone, L.R</au><au>Schlegel, A.J</au><au>Clark, G.A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In situ measurements of nitrate leaching implicate poor nitrogen and irrigation management on sandy soils</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental quality</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><date>2005-11</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2243</spage><epage>2254</epage><pages>2243-2254</pages><issn>0047-2425</issn><eissn>1537-2537</eissn><coden>JEVQAA</coden><abstract>Minimizing the risk of nitrate contamination along the waterways of the U.S. Great Plains is essential to continued irrigated corn production and quality water supplies. The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrate (NO3) leaching for irrigated sandy soils (Pratt loamy fine sand [sandy, mixed, mesic Lamellic Haplustalfs]) and to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and irrigation management strategies on NO3 leaching in irrigated corn. Two irrigation schedules (1.0x and 1.25x optimum) were combined with six N fertilizer treatments broadcast as NH4NO3 (kg N ha(-1)): 300 and 250 applied pre-plant; 250 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 185 applied pre-plant and sidedress; 125 applied pre-plant and sidedress; and 0. Porous-cup tensiometers and solution samplers were installed in each of the four highest N treatments. Soil solution samples were collected during the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Maximum corn grain yield was achieved with 125 or 185 kg N ha(-1), regardless of the irrigation schedule (IS). The 1.25x IS exacerbated the amount of NO3 leached below the 152-cm depth in the preplant N treatments, with a mean of 146 kg N ha(-1) for the 250 and 300 kg N preplant applications compared with 12 kg N ha(-1) for the same N treatments and 1.0x IS. With 185 kg N ha(-1), the 1.25x IS treatment resulted in 74 kg N ha(-1) leached compared with 10 kg N ha(-1) for the 1.0x IS. Appropriate irrigation scheduling and N fertilizer rates are essential to improving N management practices on these sandy soils.</abstract><cop>Madison</cop><pub>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</pub><pmid>16275726</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2005.0047</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture - methods Agriculture - organization & administration Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ammonium nitrate Applied sciences Biological and medical sciences Corn Crop production drinking water Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental quality Exact sciences and technology fertilizer rates Fertilizers Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology grain yield groundwater contamination Groundwater pollution Growing season human health In situ measurement Irrigation Irrigation scheduling Kansas Leaching Nitrate content nitrate nitrogen Nitrates Nitrates - analysis Nitrogen Nitrogen - metabolism nitrogen fertilizers Plant Roots Pollution Pollution, environment geology Random Allocation Risk reduction Samplers Sandy soils Silicon Dioxide Soil Soil contamination Soil solution Soil testing soil texture Tensiometers Water management water pollution water quality Water supply Waterways Zea mays |
| title | In situ measurements of nitrate leaching implicate poor nitrogen and irrigation management on sandy soils |
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