Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio Cholerae: Characterization of a Unique Chitin Oligosaccharide Deacetylase
Chitin, one of the most abundant organic substances in nature, is consumed by marine bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, via a multitude of tightly regulated genes (Li and Roseman 2004, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:627-631). One such gene, cod, is reported here. It encodes a chitin oligosaccharide dea...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Glycobiology (Oxford) 2007-12, Vol.17 (12), p.1377-1387 |
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| description | Chitin, one of the most abundant organic substances in nature, is consumed by marine bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, via a multitude of tightly regulated genes (Li and Roseman 2004, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:627-631). One such gene, cod, is reported here. It encodes a chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase (COD), when cells are induced by chitobiose, (GlcNH₂)₂, or crude crab shells. COD was molecularly cloned (COD-6His), overproduced, and purified to apparent homogeneity. COD is secreted at all stages of growth by induced V. cholerae. The gene sequence predicts a 26 N-terminal amino acid signal peptide not found in the isolated protein. COD is very active with chitin oligosaccharides, is virtually inactive with GlcNAc, and slightly active with colloidal ([³H]-N-acetyl)-chitin. The oligosaccharides are converted almost quantitatively to products lacking one acetyl group. The latter were characterized by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and treatment with nitrous acid. COD catalyzes the following reactions (n = 2-6): (GlcNAc)n[rightward arrow] GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n₋₂ + Ac⁻. That is, COD hydrolyzes the N-acetyl groups attached to the penultimate GlcNAc residue. The gene bank sequence data show that cod is highly conserved in Vibrios and Photobacteria. One such gene encodes a deacetylase isolated from V. alginolytics (Ohishi et al. 1997, Biosci Biotech Biochem. 61:1113-1117; Ohishi et al. 2000, J Biosci Bioeng. 90:561-563), that is specific for (GlcNAc)₂, but inactive with higher oligosaccharides. The COD enzymatic products, GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n, closely resemble those obtained by hydrolysis of the chitooligosaccharides with Nod B: GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)₃₋₄. The latter are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of Nod factors, critically important in communications between the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants. Conceivably, the COD products play equally important roles in cellular communications that remain to be defined. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/glycob/cwm096 |
| format | Article |
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One such gene, cod, is reported here. It encodes a chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase (COD), when cells are induced by chitobiose, (GlcNH₂)₂, or crude crab shells. COD was molecularly cloned (COD-6His), overproduced, and purified to apparent homogeneity. COD is secreted at all stages of growth by induced V. cholerae. The gene sequence predicts a 26 N-terminal amino acid signal peptide not found in the isolated protein. COD is very active with chitin oligosaccharides, is virtually inactive with GlcNAc, and slightly active with colloidal ([³H]-N-acetyl)-chitin. The oligosaccharides are converted almost quantitatively to products lacking one acetyl group. The latter were characterized by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and treatment with nitrous acid. COD catalyzes the following reactions (n = 2-6): (GlcNAc)n[rightward arrow] GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n₋₂ + Ac⁻. That is, COD hydrolyzes the N-acetyl groups attached to the penultimate GlcNAc residue. The gene bank sequence data show that cod is highly conserved in Vibrios and Photobacteria. One such gene encodes a deacetylase isolated from V. alginolytics (Ohishi et al. 1997, Biosci Biotech Biochem. 61:1113-1117; Ohishi et al. 2000, J Biosci Bioeng. 90:561-563), that is specific for (GlcNAc)₂, but inactive with higher oligosaccharides. The COD enzymatic products, GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n, closely resemble those obtained by hydrolysis of the chitooligosaccharides with Nod B: GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)₃₋₄. The latter are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of Nod factors, critically important in communications between the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants. Conceivably, the COD products play equally important roles in cellular communications that remain to be defined.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0959-6658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2423</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwm096</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17884842</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Amidohydrolases - chemistry ; Amidohydrolases - metabolism ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; Catalysis ; Chitin - chemistry ; Chitin - metabolism ; chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase ; Cloning, Molecular ; Decapoda ; extracellular ; Kinetics ; Light ; Mass Spectrometry - methods ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Nitrous Acid - chemistry ; Oligosaccharides - chemistry ; penultimate GlcNAc ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Vibrio cholerae ; Vibrio cholerae - metabolism ; Vibrios</subject><ispartof>Glycobiology (Oxford), 2007-12, Vol.17 (12), p.1377-1387</ispartof><rights>Oxford University Press © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 2007</rights><rights>The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c549t-ad3f1f171416549ab9c745ba7ec6f018ae00f7809b643840cda00f620381a5a63</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,1586,27933,27934</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17884842$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Xibing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lai-Xi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xuesong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roseman, Saul</creatorcontrib><title>Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio Cholerae: Characterization of a Unique Chitin Oligosaccharide Deacetylase</title><title>Glycobiology (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Glycobiology</addtitle><description>Chitin, one of the most abundant organic substances in nature, is consumed by marine bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, via a multitude of tightly regulated genes (Li and Roseman 2004, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:627-631). One such gene, cod, is reported here. It encodes a chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase (COD), when cells are induced by chitobiose, (GlcNH₂)₂, or crude crab shells. COD was molecularly cloned (COD-6His), overproduced, and purified to apparent homogeneity. COD is secreted at all stages of growth by induced V. cholerae. The gene sequence predicts a 26 N-terminal amino acid signal peptide not found in the isolated protein. COD is very active with chitin oligosaccharides, is virtually inactive with GlcNAc, and slightly active with colloidal ([³H]-N-acetyl)-chitin. The oligosaccharides are converted almost quantitatively to products lacking one acetyl group. The latter were characterized by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and treatment with nitrous acid. COD catalyzes the following reactions (n = 2-6): (GlcNAc)n[rightward arrow] GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n₋₂ + Ac⁻. That is, COD hydrolyzes the N-acetyl groups attached to the penultimate GlcNAc residue. The gene bank sequence data show that cod is highly conserved in Vibrios and Photobacteria. One such gene encodes a deacetylase isolated from V. alginolytics (Ohishi et al. 1997, Biosci Biotech Biochem. 61:1113-1117; Ohishi et al. 2000, J Biosci Bioeng. 90:561-563), that is specific for (GlcNAc)₂, but inactive with higher oligosaccharides. The COD enzymatic products, GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n, closely resemble those obtained by hydrolysis of the chitooligosaccharides with Nod B: GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)₃₋₄. The latter are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of Nod factors, critically important in communications between the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants. Conceivably, the COD products play equally important roles in cellular communications that remain to be defined.</description><subject>Amidohydrolases - chemistry</subject><subject>Amidohydrolases - metabolism</subject><subject>Carbohydrate Sequence</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Chitin - chemistry</subject><subject>Chitin - metabolism</subject><subject>chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase</subject><subject>Cloning, Molecular</subject><subject>Decapoda</subject><subject>extracellular</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Multigene Family</subject><subject>Nitrous Acid - chemistry</subject><subject>Oligosaccharides - chemistry</subject><subject>penultimate GlcNAc</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization</subject><subject>Vibrio cholerae</subject><subject>Vibrio cholerae - metabolism</subject><subject>Vibrios</subject><issn>0959-6658</issn><issn>1460-2423</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0cGP1CAUBnBiNO64evSqjQfjpe6jUKDetKuuyZo9uGMmXsgrQ2dY2zJCGx1v_udi2mjiZU-Qxy8fkI-QxxReUqjY2a47Gt-cme89VOIOWVEuIC94we6SFVRllQtRqhPyIMYbACqoKu-TEyqV4ooXK_Kr3rvRDVmNIza-cybtosGtzdJw3NvsIwY32OwNmtEGN_XZZ9cE57N67zsb0L5KOwzz6U8cnR8y32aYrQf3bbLZEn_VuZ2PaEyyLoWfWzR2PHYY7UNyr8Uu2kfLekrW795e1xf55dX7D_Xry9yUvBpz3LKWtlRSTkUaYFMZycsGpTWiBarQArRSQdUIzhQHs8U0EAUwRbFEwU7J8zn3EHx6WRx176KxXYeD9VPUQpUgq-p2WABwkAAJPvsP3vgpDOkTuqDASmCcJZTPyAQfY7CtPgTXYzhqCvpPg3puUM8NJv9kCZ2a3m7_6aWyBF7MwE-HW7OWu10c7Y-_GMNXLSSTpb7YfNHyerORFVf6PPmns2_Ra9wFF_X6UwGUAahCUarYbxFfvws</recordid><startdate>20071201</startdate><enddate>20071201</enddate><creator>Li, Xibing</creator><creator>Wang, Lai-Xi</creator><creator>Wang, Xuesong</creator><creator>Roseman, Saul</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H99</scope><scope>L.F</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20071201</creationdate><title>Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio Cholerae: Characterization of a Unique Chitin Oligosaccharide Deacetylase</title><author>Li, Xibing ; Wang, Lai-Xi ; Wang, Xuesong ; Roseman, Saul</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c549t-ad3f1f171416549ab9c745ba7ec6f018ae00f7809b643840cda00f620381a5a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Amidohydrolases - chemistry</topic><topic>Amidohydrolases - metabolism</topic><topic>Carbohydrate Sequence</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Chitin - chemistry</topic><topic>Chitin - metabolism</topic><topic>chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase</topic><topic>Cloning, Molecular</topic><topic>Decapoda</topic><topic>extracellular</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Multigene Family</topic><topic>Nitrous Acid - chemistry</topic><topic>Oligosaccharides - chemistry</topic><topic>penultimate GlcNAc</topic><topic>Sequence Analysis, DNA</topic><topic>Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization</topic><topic>Vibrio cholerae</topic><topic>Vibrio cholerae - metabolism</topic><topic>Vibrios</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Xibing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Lai-Xi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xuesong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roseman, Saul</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Glycobiology (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Xibing</au><au>Wang, Lai-Xi</au><au>Wang, Xuesong</au><au>Roseman, Saul</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio Cholerae: Characterization of a Unique Chitin Oligosaccharide Deacetylase</atitle><jtitle>Glycobiology (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Glycobiology</addtitle><date>2007-12-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1377</spage><epage>1387</epage><pages>1377-1387</pages><issn>0959-6658</issn><eissn>1460-2423</eissn><abstract>Chitin, one of the most abundant organic substances in nature, is consumed by marine bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae, via a multitude of tightly regulated genes (Li and Roseman 2004, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 101:627-631). One such gene, cod, is reported here. It encodes a chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase (COD), when cells are induced by chitobiose, (GlcNH₂)₂, or crude crab shells. COD was molecularly cloned (COD-6His), overproduced, and purified to apparent homogeneity. COD is secreted at all stages of growth by induced V. cholerae. The gene sequence predicts a 26 N-terminal amino acid signal peptide not found in the isolated protein. COD is very active with chitin oligosaccharides, is virtually inactive with GlcNAc, and slightly active with colloidal ([³H]-N-acetyl)-chitin. The oligosaccharides are converted almost quantitatively to products lacking one acetyl group. The latter were characterized by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and treatment with nitrous acid. COD catalyzes the following reactions (n = 2-6): (GlcNAc)n[rightward arrow] GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n₋₂ + Ac⁻. That is, COD hydrolyzes the N-acetyl groups attached to the penultimate GlcNAc residue. The gene bank sequence data show that cod is highly conserved in Vibrios and Photobacteria. One such gene encodes a deacetylase isolated from V. alginolytics (Ohishi et al. 1997, Biosci Biotech Biochem. 61:1113-1117; Ohishi et al. 2000, J Biosci Bioeng. 90:561-563), that is specific for (GlcNAc)₂, but inactive with higher oligosaccharides. The COD enzymatic products, GlcNAc-GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)n, closely resemble those obtained by hydrolysis of the chitooligosaccharides with Nod B: GlcNH₂-(GlcNAc)₃₋₄. The latter are key intermediates in the biosynthesis of Nod factors, critically important in communications between the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria and plants. Conceivably, the COD products play equally important roles in cellular communications that remain to be defined.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>17884842</pmid><doi>10.1093/glycob/cwm096</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amidohydrolases - chemistry Amidohydrolases - metabolism Carbohydrate Sequence Catalysis Chitin - chemistry Chitin - metabolism chitin oligosaccharide deacetylase Cloning, Molecular Decapoda extracellular Kinetics Light Mass Spectrometry - methods Models, Biological Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family Nitrous Acid - chemistry Oligosaccharides - chemistry penultimate GlcNAc Sequence Analysis, DNA Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization Vibrio cholerae Vibrio cholerae - metabolism Vibrios |
| title | Chitin Catabolic Cascade in the Marine Bacterium Vibrio Cholerae: Characterization of a Unique Chitin Oligosaccharide Deacetylase |
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