The effect of therapeutic hypothermia on the expression of inflammatory response genes following moderate traumatic brain injury in the rat

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a cascade of cellular and molecular responses including both pro- and anti-inflammatory. Although post-traumatic hypothermia has been shown to improve outcome in various models of brain injury, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects have not be...

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Veröffentlicht in:Brain research. Molecular brain research. 2005-08, Vol.138 (2), p.124-134
Hauptverfasser: Truettner, Jessie S., Suzuki, Takamoto, Dietrich, W. Dalton
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container_title Brain research. Molecular brain research.
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creator Truettner, Jessie S.
Suzuki, Takamoto
Dietrich, W. Dalton
description Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a cascade of cellular and molecular responses including both pro- and anti-inflammatory. Although post-traumatic hypothermia has been shown to improve outcome in various models of brain injury, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects have not been clarified. In this study, inflammation cDNA arrays and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used to detect genes that are differentially regulated after TBI. In addition, the effect of post-traumatic hypothermia on the expression of selective genes was also studied. Rats ( n = 6–8 per group) underwent moderate fluid-percussion (F-P) brain injury with and without hypothermic treatment (33 °C/3 h). RNA from 3-h or 24-h survival was analyzed for the expression of IL1-β, IL2, IL6, TGF-β2, growth-regulated oncogene (GRO), migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and MCP (a transcription factor). The interleukins IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 and TGF-β and GRO were strongly upregulated early and transiently from 2- to 30-fold over sham at 3 h, with normalization by 24 h. In contrast, the expressions of MIF and MCP were both reduced by TBI compared to sham. Post-traumatic hypothermia had no significant effect on the acute expression of the majority of genes investigated. However, the expression of TGF-β2 at 24 h was significantly reduced by temperature manipulation. The mechanism by which post-traumatic hypothermia is protective may not involve a general genetic response of the inflammatory genes. However, specific genes, including TGF-β2, may be altered and effect cell death mechanisms after TBI. Hypothermia differentially regulates certain genes and may target more delayed responses underlying the secondary damage following TBI.
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Dalton</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of therapeutic hypothermia on the expression of inflammatory response genes following moderate traumatic brain injury in the rat</title><title>Brain research. Molecular brain research.</title><addtitle>Brain Res Mol Brain Res</addtitle><description>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a cascade of cellular and molecular responses including both pro- and anti-inflammatory. Although post-traumatic hypothermia has been shown to improve outcome in various models of brain injury, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects have not been clarified. In this study, inflammation cDNA arrays and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used to detect genes that are differentially regulated after TBI. In addition, the effect of post-traumatic hypothermia on the expression of selective genes was also studied. Rats ( n = 6–8 per group) underwent moderate fluid-percussion (F-P) brain injury with and without hypothermic treatment (33 °C/3 h). 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subjects Animals
Antigens, CD - genetics
Biological and medical sciences
Brain Injuries - genetics
Brain Injuries - immunology
Brain Injuries - therapy
Chemokine CXCL1
Chemokines, CXC - genetics
Cytokines - genetics
Cytokines - immunology
Disease Models, Animal
Down-Regulation - genetics
Down-Regulation - immunology
Encephalitis - genetics
Encephalitis - immunology
Encephalitis - therapy
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene array
Gene Expression Regulation - genetics
Hypothermia
Hypothermia, Induced
Inflammation
Inflammation Mediators - immunology
Inflammation Mediators - metabolism
Injuries of the nervous system and the skull. Diseases due to physical agents
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics
Interleukins - genetics
Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors - genetics
Male
Medical sciences
Membrane Cofactor Protein
Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics
Protection
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics
Transforming Growth Factor beta2
Trauma
Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
title The effect of therapeutic hypothermia on the expression of inflammatory response genes following moderate traumatic brain injury in the rat
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