A pilot randomized, controlled trial of an in-home drinking water intervention among HIV + persons
Although immunocompromised persons may be at increased risk for gastrointestinal illnesses, no trials investigating drinking water treatment and gastrointestinal illness in such patients have been published. Earlier results from San Francisco suggested an association (OR 6.76) between tap water and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of water and health 2005-06, Vol.3 (2), p.173-184 |
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| container_title | Journal of water and health |
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| creator | Colford, Jr, John M Saha, Sona R Wade, Timothy J Wright, Catherine C Vu, Mai Charles, Sandra Jensen, Peter Hubbard, Alan Levy, Deborah A Eisenberg, Joseph N S |
| description | Although immunocompromised persons may be at increased risk for gastrointestinal illnesses, no trials investigating drinking water treatment and gastrointestinal illness in such patients have been published. Earlier results from San Francisco suggested an association (OR 6.76) between tap water and cryptosporidiosis among HIV + persons. The authors conducted a randomized, triple-blinded intervention trial of home water treatment in San Francisco, California, from April 2000 to May 2001. Fifty HIV-positive patients were randomized to externally identical active (N = 24) or sham (N = 26) treatment devices. The active device contained a filter and UV light; the sham provided no treatment. Forty-five (90%) of the participants completed the study and were successfully blinded. Illness was measured using 'highly credible gastrointestinal illness' (HCGI), a previously published measure. There were 31 episodes of HCGI during 1,797 person-days in the sham group and 16 episodes during 1,478 person-days in the active group. The adjusted relative risk was 3.34 (95% CI: 0.99-11.21) times greater in those with the sham device. The magnitude of the point estimate of the risk, its consistency with recently published observational data, and its relevance for drinking water choices by immunocompromised individuals support the need for larger trials. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wh.2005.0016 |
| format | Article |
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Earlier results from San Francisco suggested an association (OR 6.76) between tap water and cryptosporidiosis among HIV + persons. The authors conducted a randomized, triple-blinded intervention trial of home water treatment in San Francisco, California, from April 2000 to May 2001. Fifty HIV-positive patients were randomized to externally identical active (N = 24) or sham (N = 26) treatment devices. The active device contained a filter and UV light; the sham provided no treatment. Forty-five (90%) of the participants completed the study and were successfully blinded. Illness was measured using 'highly credible gastrointestinal illness' (HCGI), a previously published measure. There were 31 episodes of HCGI during 1,797 person-days in the sham group and 16 episodes during 1,478 person-days in the active group. The adjusted relative risk was 3.34 (95% CI: 0.99-11.21) times greater in those with the sham device. The magnitude of the point estimate of the risk, its consistency with recently published observational data, and its relevance for drinking water choices by immunocompromised individuals support the need for larger trials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1477-8920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-7829</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wh.2005.0016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16075942</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Clinical trials ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Cryptosporidiosis - prevention & control ; Drinking water ; Female ; Filtration ; Gastroenteritis - prevention & control ; Gastrointestinal diseases ; HIV ; HIV Seropositivity ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Illnesses ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Randomization ; Risk ; San Francisco ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Water Microbiology ; Water Supply ; Water treatment</subject><ispartof>Journal of water and health, 2005-06, Vol.3 (2), p.173-184</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Jun 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3016-debc63657927d8fdb593fbb4d4de76d0bdd362ccff1eeca0df2cae2bc897fdb33</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16075942$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Colford, Jr, John M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saha, Sona R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wade, Timothy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wright, Catherine C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vu, Mai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charles, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jensen, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hubbard, Alan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levy, Deborah A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eisenberg, Joseph N S</creatorcontrib><title>A pilot randomized, controlled trial of an in-home drinking water intervention among HIV + persons</title><title>Journal of water and health</title><addtitle>J Water Health</addtitle><description>Although immunocompromised persons may be at increased risk for gastrointestinal illnesses, no trials investigating drinking water treatment and gastrointestinal illness in such patients have been published. Earlier results from San Francisco suggested an association (OR 6.76) between tap water and cryptosporidiosis among HIV + persons. The authors conducted a randomized, triple-blinded intervention trial of home water treatment in San Francisco, California, from April 2000 to May 2001. Fifty HIV-positive patients were randomized to externally identical active (N = 24) or sham (N = 26) treatment devices. The active device contained a filter and UV light; the sham provided no treatment. Forty-five (90%) of the participants completed the study and were successfully blinded. Illness was measured using 'highly credible gastrointestinal illness' (HCGI), a previously published measure. There were 31 episodes of HCGI during 1,797 person-days in the sham group and 16 episodes during 1,478 person-days in the active group. The adjusted relative risk was 3.34 (95% CI: 0.99-11.21) times greater in those with the sham device. 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of water and health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Colford, Jr, John M</au><au>Saha, Sona R</au><au>Wade, Timothy J</au><au>Wright, Catherine C</au><au>Vu, Mai</au><au>Charles, Sandra</au><au>Jensen, Peter</au><au>Hubbard, Alan</au><au>Levy, Deborah A</au><au>Eisenberg, Joseph N S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A pilot randomized, controlled trial of an in-home drinking water intervention among HIV + persons</atitle><jtitle>Journal of water and health</jtitle><addtitle>J Water Health</addtitle><date>2005-06</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>173</spage><epage>184</epage><pages>173-184</pages><issn>1477-8920</issn><eissn>1996-7829</eissn><abstract>Although immunocompromised persons may be at increased risk for gastrointestinal illnesses, no trials investigating drinking water treatment and gastrointestinal illness in such patients have been published. Earlier results from San Francisco suggested an association (OR 6.76) between tap water and cryptosporidiosis among HIV + persons. The authors conducted a randomized, triple-blinded intervention trial of home water treatment in San Francisco, California, from April 2000 to May 2001. Fifty HIV-positive patients were randomized to externally identical active (N = 24) or sham (N = 26) treatment devices. The active device contained a filter and UV light; the sham provided no treatment. Forty-five (90%) of the participants completed the study and were successfully blinded. Illness was measured using 'highly credible gastrointestinal illness' (HCGI), a previously published measure. There were 31 episodes of HCGI during 1,797 person-days in the sham group and 16 episodes during 1,478 person-days in the active group. The adjusted relative risk was 3.34 (95% CI: 0.99-11.21) times greater in those with the sham device. The magnitude of the point estimate of the risk, its consistency with recently published observational data, and its relevance for drinking water choices by immunocompromised individuals support the need for larger trials.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>16075942</pmid><doi>10.2166/wh.2005.0016</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of water and health, 2005-06, Vol.3 (2), p.173-184 |
| issn | 1477-8920 1996-7829 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Adult Aged Clinical trials Cross-Sectional Studies Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis - prevention & control Drinking water Female Filtration Gastroenteritis - prevention & control Gastrointestinal diseases HIV HIV Seropositivity Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Illnesses Male Middle Aged Patients Randomization Risk San Francisco Ultraviolet radiation Water Microbiology Water Supply Water treatment |
| title | A pilot randomized, controlled trial of an in-home drinking water intervention among HIV + persons |
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