Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?

Chronic infection with schistosomiasis has been clearly associated with the development of bladder cancer, and infestation is associated with a high incidence of colorectal cancer in endemic populations. Despite this association, the potential role of alterations in tumor suppressor genes colorectal...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:International journal of colorectal disease 2007-02, Vol.22 (2), p.175-181
Hauptverfasser: MADBOULY, Khaled M, SENAGORE, Anthony J, MUKERJEE, Abir, HUSSIEN, Ahmed M, SHEHATA, M. A, NAVINE, Philippa, DELANEY, Conor P, FAZIO, Victor W
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 181
container_issue 2
container_start_page 175
container_title International journal of colorectal disease
container_volume 22
creator MADBOULY, Khaled M
SENAGORE, Anthony J
MUKERJEE, Abir
HUSSIEN, Ahmed M
SHEHATA, M. A
NAVINE, Philippa
DELANEY, Conor P
FAZIO, Victor W
description Chronic infection with schistosomiasis has been clearly associated with the development of bladder cancer, and infestation is associated with a high incidence of colorectal cancer in endemic populations. Despite this association, the potential role of alterations in tumor suppressor genes colorectal cancers has never been evaluated in an endemically infected population. The aim of this paper was to compare histopathologic and genetic changes in schistosomal colitis-associated colorectal cancer (SCC) with colorectal cancer in a group of patients from the same population not affected by the disease (NDCC). Sixty patients were included in this study: SCC-40, NDCC-20. Data collected included age, sex, clinical presentation, presence of synchronous tumors, histopathology, and clinical stage. p53, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer gene), and mismatch repair genes (MLH1 and MSH2) were studied using immunohistochemical staining. Patients with SCC were significantly younger than the NDCC group (34.52+/-11.22 years vs 50.73+/-12.75 years, p=0.02). Mucinous adenocarcinoma occurred significantly more frequently in SCC (35 vs 10%, p=0.02). SCC tumors were more frequently stage III or IV, and significantly more synchronous tumors were present in the affected group (SCC-8/40 vs NDCC-1/20, p=0.05). p53 staining was far more frequent in SCC (SCC-32/40 vs NDCC-8/20, p=0.006). DCC expression was similar in two groups. There were only four cases, three in SCC and one in NDCC, that showed microsatellite instability. The data suggest that schistosomal colitis is more commonly associated with earlier onset of multicentric colorectal cancer, high percentage of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and presents at an advanced stage. The identification of a higher incidence of altered p53 expression in the SCC group raises the possibility of an association between schistosomiasis and alterations in p53 activation as an inciting event in colorectal cancer development.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00384-006-0144-3
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68375028</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1192545901</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-9914572732bd93a030967d5627ca71c7164c586399d7a757f0d52c0612d92d513</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkE1LJDEQhoOs6OjuD_CyhAW9xa1KOknHi8jgFwh72N1ziOkMRrs7s0k3sv_eDDOgeCqqeN6X4iHkBOEcAfTPAiDahgEoBtg0TOyRBTaCM-SKfyELQG0YGtkekqNSnqHuSjcH5BCVbpVAvSB-mfqUg59cT70bfcg0jtTRdVrPvZtiGulrnJ5oGLswRE9_-6dYplTS4OjgxpLGSC9oLHSqd-pqdGI5lpcPBZdfyf7K9SV8281j8vfm-s_yjj38ur1fXj0wL6SamDHYSM214I-dEQ4EGKU7qbj2TqPXqBov69vGdNppqVfQSe5BIe8M7ySKY3K27V3n9G8OZbJDLD70vRtDmotVrdASeFvBH5_A5zTnsf5mOSoJRjabNtxCPqdScljZdY6Dy_8tgt3ot1v9tuq3G_1W1Mz3XfH8OITuPbHzXYHTHeCKd_0qV-WxvHOtBA3YijdRSYsY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>216509541</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>MADBOULY, Khaled M ; SENAGORE, Anthony J ; MUKERJEE, Abir ; HUSSIEN, Ahmed M ; SHEHATA, M. A ; NAVINE, Philippa ; DELANEY, Conor P ; FAZIO, Victor W</creator><creatorcontrib>MADBOULY, Khaled M ; SENAGORE, Anthony J ; MUKERJEE, Abir ; HUSSIEN, Ahmed M ; SHEHATA, M. A ; NAVINE, Philippa ; DELANEY, Conor P ; FAZIO, Victor W</creatorcontrib><description>Chronic infection with schistosomiasis has been clearly associated with the development of bladder cancer, and infestation is associated with a high incidence of colorectal cancer in endemic populations. Despite this association, the potential role of alterations in tumor suppressor genes colorectal cancers has never been evaluated in an endemically infected population. The aim of this paper was to compare histopathologic and genetic changes in schistosomal colitis-associated colorectal cancer (SCC) with colorectal cancer in a group of patients from the same population not affected by the disease (NDCC). Sixty patients were included in this study: SCC-40, NDCC-20. Data collected included age, sex, clinical presentation, presence of synchronous tumors, histopathology, and clinical stage. p53, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer gene), and mismatch repair genes (MLH1 and MSH2) were studied using immunohistochemical staining. Patients with SCC were significantly younger than the NDCC group (34.52+/-11.22 years vs 50.73+/-12.75 years, p=0.02). Mucinous adenocarcinoma occurred significantly more frequently in SCC (35 vs 10%, p=0.02). SCC tumors were more frequently stage III or IV, and significantly more synchronous tumors were present in the affected group (SCC-8/40 vs NDCC-1/20, p=0.05). p53 staining was far more frequent in SCC (SCC-32/40 vs NDCC-8/20, p=0.006). DCC expression was similar in two groups. There were only four cases, three in SCC and one in NDCC, that showed microsatellite instability. The data suggest that schistosomal colitis is more commonly associated with earlier onset of multicentric colorectal cancer, high percentage of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and presents at an advanced stage. The identification of a higher incidence of altered p53 expression in the SCC group raises the possibility of an association between schistosomiasis and alterations in p53 activation as an inciting event in colorectal cancer development.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0179-1958</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1262</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00384-006-0144-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16786317</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJCDE6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Heidelberg: Springer</publisher><subject>Adenocarcinoma - genetics ; Adenocarcinoma - parasitology ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Biological and medical sciences ; Colitis - parasitology ; Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms - parasitology ; Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology ; Diseases caused by trematodes ; Egypt ; Endemic Diseases ; Female ; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen ; Gene Expression ; Genes, DCC - genetics ; Genes, p53 - genetics ; Helminthic diseases ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Parasitic diseases ; Schistosomiases ; Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications ; Sex Factors ; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>International journal of colorectal disease, 2007-02, Vol.22 (2), p.175-181</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-9914572732bd93a030967d5627ca71c7164c586399d7a757f0d52c0612d92d513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-9914572732bd93a030967d5627ca71c7164c586399d7a757f0d52c0612d92d513</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=18507018$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16786317$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>MADBOULY, Khaled M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SENAGORE, Anthony J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MUKERJEE, Abir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HUSSIEN, Ahmed M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHEHATA, M. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAVINE, Philippa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DELANEY, Conor P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FAZIO, Victor W</creatorcontrib><title>Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?</title><title>International journal of colorectal disease</title><addtitle>Int J Colorectal Dis</addtitle><description>Chronic infection with schistosomiasis has been clearly associated with the development of bladder cancer, and infestation is associated with a high incidence of colorectal cancer in endemic populations. Despite this association, the potential role of alterations in tumor suppressor genes colorectal cancers has never been evaluated in an endemically infected population. The aim of this paper was to compare histopathologic and genetic changes in schistosomal colitis-associated colorectal cancer (SCC) with colorectal cancer in a group of patients from the same population not affected by the disease (NDCC). Sixty patients were included in this study: SCC-40, NDCC-20. Data collected included age, sex, clinical presentation, presence of synchronous tumors, histopathology, and clinical stage. p53, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer gene), and mismatch repair genes (MLH1 and MSH2) were studied using immunohistochemical staining. Patients with SCC were significantly younger than the NDCC group (34.52+/-11.22 years vs 50.73+/-12.75 years, p=0.02). Mucinous adenocarcinoma occurred significantly more frequently in SCC (35 vs 10%, p=0.02). SCC tumors were more frequently stage III or IV, and significantly more synchronous tumors were present in the affected group (SCC-8/40 vs NDCC-1/20, p=0.05). p53 staining was far more frequent in SCC (SCC-32/40 vs NDCC-8/20, p=0.006). DCC expression was similar in two groups. There were only four cases, three in SCC and one in NDCC, that showed microsatellite instability. The data suggest that schistosomal colitis is more commonly associated with earlier onset of multicentric colorectal cancer, high percentage of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and presents at an advanced stage. The identification of a higher incidence of altered p53 expression in the SCC group raises the possibility of an association between schistosomiasis and alterations in p53 activation as an inciting event in colorectal cancer development.</description><subject>Adenocarcinoma - genetics</subject><subject>Adenocarcinoma - parasitology</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age of Onset</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Colitis - parasitology</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - parasitology</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Diseases caused by trematodes</subject><subject>Egypt</subject><subject>Endemic Diseases</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Genes, DCC - genetics</subject><subject>Genes, p53 - genetics</subject><subject>Helminthic diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Schistosomiases</subject><subject>Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><issn>0179-1958</issn><issn>1432-1262</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkE1LJDEQhoOs6OjuD_CyhAW9xa1KOknHi8jgFwh72N1ziOkMRrs7s0k3sv_eDDOgeCqqeN6X4iHkBOEcAfTPAiDahgEoBtg0TOyRBTaCM-SKfyELQG0YGtkekqNSnqHuSjcH5BCVbpVAvSB-mfqUg59cT70bfcg0jtTRdVrPvZtiGulrnJ5oGLswRE9_-6dYplTS4OjgxpLGSC9oLHSqd-pqdGI5lpcPBZdfyf7K9SV8281j8vfm-s_yjj38ur1fXj0wL6SamDHYSM214I-dEQ4EGKU7qbj2TqPXqBov69vGdNppqVfQSe5BIe8M7ySKY3K27V3n9G8OZbJDLD70vRtDmotVrdASeFvBH5_A5zTnsf5mOSoJRjabNtxCPqdScljZdY6Dy_8tgt3ot1v9tuq3G_1W1Mz3XfH8OITuPbHzXYHTHeCKd_0qV-WxvHOtBA3YijdRSYsY</recordid><startdate>20070201</startdate><enddate>20070201</enddate><creator>MADBOULY, Khaled M</creator><creator>SENAGORE, Anthony J</creator><creator>MUKERJEE, Abir</creator><creator>HUSSIEN, Ahmed M</creator><creator>SHEHATA, M. A</creator><creator>NAVINE, Philippa</creator><creator>DELANEY, Conor P</creator><creator>FAZIO, Victor W</creator><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070201</creationdate><title>Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?</title><author>MADBOULY, Khaled M ; SENAGORE, Anthony J ; MUKERJEE, Abir ; HUSSIEN, Ahmed M ; SHEHATA, M. A ; NAVINE, Philippa ; DELANEY, Conor P ; FAZIO, Victor W</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c356t-9914572732bd93a030967d5627ca71c7164c586399d7a757f0d52c0612d92d513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adenocarcinoma - genetics</topic><topic>Adenocarcinoma - parasitology</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age of Onset</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Colitis - parasitology</topic><topic>Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Colorectal Neoplasms - parasitology</topic><topic>Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Diseases caused by trematodes</topic><topic>Egypt</topic><topic>Endemic Diseases</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Genes, DCC - genetics</topic><topic>Genes, p53 - genetics</topic><topic>Helminthic diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Schistosomiases</topic><topic>Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>MADBOULY, Khaled M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SENAGORE, Anthony J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MUKERJEE, Abir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HUSSIEN, Ahmed M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHEHATA, M. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAVINE, Philippa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DELANEY, Conor P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FAZIO, Victor W</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of colorectal disease</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>MADBOULY, Khaled M</au><au>SENAGORE, Anthony J</au><au>MUKERJEE, Abir</au><au>HUSSIEN, Ahmed M</au><au>SHEHATA, M. A</au><au>NAVINE, Philippa</au><au>DELANEY, Conor P</au><au>FAZIO, Victor W</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?</atitle><jtitle>International journal of colorectal disease</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Colorectal Dis</addtitle><date>2007-02-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>175</spage><epage>181</epage><pages>175-181</pages><issn>0179-1958</issn><eissn>1432-1262</eissn><coden>IJCDE6</coden><abstract>Chronic infection with schistosomiasis has been clearly associated with the development of bladder cancer, and infestation is associated with a high incidence of colorectal cancer in endemic populations. Despite this association, the potential role of alterations in tumor suppressor genes colorectal cancers has never been evaluated in an endemically infected population. The aim of this paper was to compare histopathologic and genetic changes in schistosomal colitis-associated colorectal cancer (SCC) with colorectal cancer in a group of patients from the same population not affected by the disease (NDCC). Sixty patients were included in this study: SCC-40, NDCC-20. Data collected included age, sex, clinical presentation, presence of synchronous tumors, histopathology, and clinical stage. p53, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer gene), and mismatch repair genes (MLH1 and MSH2) were studied using immunohistochemical staining. Patients with SCC were significantly younger than the NDCC group (34.52+/-11.22 years vs 50.73+/-12.75 years, p=0.02). Mucinous adenocarcinoma occurred significantly more frequently in SCC (35 vs 10%, p=0.02). SCC tumors were more frequently stage III or IV, and significantly more synchronous tumors were present in the affected group (SCC-8/40 vs NDCC-1/20, p=0.05). p53 staining was far more frequent in SCC (SCC-32/40 vs NDCC-8/20, p=0.006). DCC expression was similar in two groups. There were only four cases, three in SCC and one in NDCC, that showed microsatellite instability. The data suggest that schistosomal colitis is more commonly associated with earlier onset of multicentric colorectal cancer, high percentage of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and presents at an advanced stage. The identification of a higher incidence of altered p53 expression in the SCC group raises the possibility of an association between schistosomiasis and alterations in p53 activation as an inciting event in colorectal cancer development.</abstract><cop>Heidelberg</cop><cop>Berlin</cop><pub>Springer</pub><pmid>16786317</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00384-006-0144-3</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0179-1958
ispartof International journal of colorectal disease, 2007-02, Vol.22 (2), p.175-181
issn 0179-1958
1432-1262
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68375028
source MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings
subjects Adenocarcinoma - genetics
Adenocarcinoma - parasitology
Adult
Age of Onset
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Colitis - parasitology
Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics
Colorectal Neoplasms - parasitology
Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology
Diseases caused by trematodes
Egypt
Endemic Diseases
Female
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Gene Expression
Genes, DCC - genetics
Genes, p53 - genetics
Helminthic diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Parasitic diseases
Schistosomiases
Schistosomiasis mansoni - complications
Sex Factors
Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus
Tumors
title Colorectal cancer in a population with endemic Schistosoma mansoni : is this an at-risk population?
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-09T15%3A23%3A27IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Colorectal%20cancer%20in%20a%20population%20with%20endemic%20Schistosoma%20mansoni%20:%20is%20this%20an%20at-risk%20population?&rft.jtitle=International%20journal%20of%20colorectal%20disease&rft.au=MADBOULY,%20Khaled%20M&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.epage=181&rft.pages=175-181&rft.issn=0179-1958&rft.eissn=1432-1262&rft.coden=IJCDE6&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s00384-006-0144-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1192545901%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=216509541&rft_id=info:pmid/16786317&rfr_iscdi=true