Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting by Matsigenka Native Communities in Manu National Park, Peru

The presence of indigenous people in tropical parks has fueled a debate over whether people in parks are conservation allies or direct threats to biodiversity. A well-known example is the Matsigenka (or Machiguenga) population residing in Manu National Park in Peruvian Amazonia. Because the exploita...

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Veröffentlicht in:Conservation biology 2007-10, Vol.21 (5), p.1174-1185
Hauptverfasser: OHL-SCHACHERER, JULIA, SHEPARD, GLENN H. J.r, KAPLAN, HILLARD, PERES, CARLOS A, LEVI, TAAL, YU, DOUGLAS W
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container_issue 5
container_start_page 1174
container_title Conservation biology
container_volume 21
creator OHL-SCHACHERER, JULIA
SHEPARD, GLENN H. J.r
KAPLAN, HILLARD
PERES, CARLOS A
LEVI, TAAL
YU, DOUGLAS W
description The presence of indigenous people in tropical parks has fueled a debate over whether people in parks are conservation allies or direct threats to biodiversity. A well-known example is the Matsigenka (or Machiguenga) population residing in Manu National Park in Peruvian Amazonia. Because the exploitation of wild meat (or bushmeat), especially large vertebrates, represents the most significant internal threat to biodiversity in Manu, we analyzed 1 year of participatory monitoring of game offtake in two Matsigenka native communities within Manu Park (102,397 consumer days and 2,089 prey items). We used the Robinson and Redford (1991) index to identify five prey species hunted at or above maximum sustainable yield within the ~150-km² core hunting zones of the two communities: woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha), spider monkey (Ateles chamek), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), Razor-billed Currasow (Mitu tuberosa), and Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu). There was little or no evidence that any of these five species has become depleted, other than locally, despite a near doubling of the human population since 1988. Hunter-prey profiles have not changed since 1988, and there has been little change in per capita consumption rates or mean prey weights. The current offtake by the Matsigenka appears to be sustainable, apparently due to source-sink dynamics. Source-sink dynamics imply that even with continued human population growth within a settlement, offtake for each hunted species will eventually reach an asymptote. Thus, stabilizing the Matsigenka population around existing settlements should be a primary policy goal for Manu Park.
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We used the Robinson and Redford (1991) index to identify five prey species hunted at or above maximum sustainable yield within the ~150-km² core hunting zones of the two communities: woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha), spider monkey (Ateles chamek), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), Razor-billed Currasow (Mitu tuberosa), and Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu). There was little or no evidence that any of these five species has become depleted, other than locally, despite a near doubling of the human population since 1988. Hunter-prey profiles have not changed since 1988, and there has been little change in per capita consumption rates or mean prey weights. The current offtake by the Matsigenka appears to be sustainable, apparently due to source-sink dynamics. Source-sink dynamics imply that even with continued human population growth within a settlement, offtake for each hunted species will eventually reach an asymptote. 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Psychology ; General aspects ; Human Activities ; human-inhabited protected areas ; Humans ; Hunting ; indigenous rights ; Lagothrix lagotricha ; manejo de áreas protegidas ; Manu National Park ; Monkeys ; Native peoples ; Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. 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Because the exploitation of wild meat (or bushmeat), especially large vertebrates, represents the most significant internal threat to biodiversity in Manu, we analyzed 1 year of participatory monitoring of game offtake in two Matsigenka native communities within Manu Park (102,397 consumer days and 2,089 prey items). We used the Robinson and Redford (1991) index to identify five prey species hunted at or above maximum sustainable yield within the ~150-km² core hunting zones of the two communities: woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha), spider monkey (Ateles chamek), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), Razor-billed Currasow (Mitu tuberosa), and Spix's Guan (Penelope jacquacu). There was little or no evidence that any of these five species has become depleted, other than locally, despite a near doubling of the human population since 1988. Hunter-prey profiles have not changed since 1988, and there has been little change in per capita consumption rates or mean prey weights. The current offtake by the Matsigenka appears to be sustainable, apparently due to source-sink dynamics. Source-sink dynamics imply that even with continued human population growth within a settlement, offtake for each hunted species will eventually reach an asymptote. Thus, stabilizing the Matsigenka population around existing settlements should be a primary policy goal for Manu Park.</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Inc</pub><pmid>17883483</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00759.x</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Ateles
Biodiversity
Biodiversity conservation
Biological and medical sciences
bushmeat
cacería de subsistencia
carne de vida silvestre
community-based conservation
conservación basada en comunidades
conservación de la biodiversidad
Conservation biology
Conservation of Natural Resources
Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife
derechos indígenas
dinámica fuente-vertedero
Ecological sustainability
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Human Activities
human-inhabited protected areas
Humans
Hunting
indigenous rights
Lagothrix lagotricha
manejo de áreas protegidas
Manu National Park
Monkeys
Native peoples
Parks, reserves, wildlife conservation. Endangered species: population survey and restocking
Parque Nacional Manú
Penelope jacquacu
Peru
Population Groups
Primates
Protected areas
protected-area management
source-sink dynamics
Species
Subsistence hunting
Tayassu pecari
wild meat
Wildlife conservation
Wildlife sanctuaries
áreas protegidas
title Sustainability of Subsistence Hunting by Matsigenka Native Communities in Manu National Park, Peru
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