EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS
SUMMARY 1 Dietary fibre, such as pectin, delays gastric emptying and may enhance post‐prandial glucose tolerance. Agar, which is high in fibre content, is widely used in the traditional Japanese diet. Although long‐term diet therapy with agar decreases fasting plasma glucose levels in diabetes, know...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology 2007-11, Vol.34 (11), p.1151-1155 |
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| creator | Sanaka, Masaki Yamamoto, Takatsugu Anjiki, Hajime Nagasawa, Kunitaka Kuyama, Yasushi |
| description | SUMMARY
1
Dietary fibre, such as pectin, delays gastric emptying and may enhance post‐prandial glucose tolerance. Agar, which is high in fibre content, is widely used in the traditional Japanese diet. Although long‐term diet therapy with agar decreases fasting plasma glucose levels in diabetes, knowledge is lacking about the acute effects of agar on gastric emptying and the post‐prandial glycaemic profiles. The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of agar.
2
Ten healthy male volunteers were studied on three occasions with three different test meals (450 kcal/500 mL): (i) a fibre‐free meal; (ii) a meal with 2.0 g agar; or (iii) a meal with 5.2 g pectin. On each occasion, participants underwent a [13C]‐acetate breath test along with serial blood sampling. To quantify gastric emptying, the half [13CO2] excretion time () and the time for maximal [13CO2] excretion rate (tlag) were determined. The post‐prandial glycaemic response was expressed as an incremental change from the fasting value at each sampling time. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (anova), followed by a post hoc paired Student's t‐test with Bonferroni adjustment.
3
The time‐course for respiratory [13CO2] excretion differed significantly among the three test meals (P = 0.0004, anova). Compared with the control meal, [13CO2] excretion was significantly lower following consumption of the agar meal (between 40 and 105 min post‐prandially; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04706.x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_68291037</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>68291037</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4166-ea76a54afadef1ffb4946c351d30129116771aa6d97fa05911b03d5c744dda2b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkEFvmzAUx61pU5t2_QqTT7tBn2Njk8MOiBmCRAAB2ZST5YCRkiVLB42WfvuaEnXX-eKn9_6_96QfQpiAS-x73LuEMXAI94k7BxAuMAHcvXxAs_fBRzQDCp5DfAG36G4Y9gDgAac36JYI3wfKFzN0klEkw7rCeYSDOChxkH3Hhe0kGc4zHAdVXSYhlqui3iRZPI3zqnaK0pZJkOI43YSBXNlQUeZRksoKW3Ypg7RebvByvQoy_CNP11ktZVl9Rp86fRjMw_W_R-tI1uHSSfM4CYPUaRjh3DFacO0x3enWdKTrtmzBeEM90lIg8wUhXAiiNW8XotPg2cYWaOs1grG21fMtvUdfp71P_enP2QzP6rgbGnM46N_mdB4U9-0WoMIG_SnY9Kdh6E2nnvrdUfcvioAaZau9Gp2q0akaZas32epi0S_XG-ft0bT_wKtdG_g2Bf7uDublvxerUBZjZXln4nfDs7m887r_pbigwlM_s1h5widlUTJF6StwDJJY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>68291037</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Sanaka, Masaki ; Yamamoto, Takatsugu ; Anjiki, Hajime ; Nagasawa, Kunitaka ; Kuyama, Yasushi</creator><creatorcontrib>Sanaka, Masaki ; Yamamoto, Takatsugu ; Anjiki, Hajime ; Nagasawa, Kunitaka ; Kuyama, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><description>SUMMARY
1
Dietary fibre, such as pectin, delays gastric emptying and may enhance post‐prandial glucose tolerance. Agar, which is high in fibre content, is widely used in the traditional Japanese diet. Although long‐term diet therapy with agar decreases fasting plasma glucose levels in diabetes, knowledge is lacking about the acute effects of agar on gastric emptying and the post‐prandial glycaemic profiles. The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of agar.
2
Ten healthy male volunteers were studied on three occasions with three different test meals (450 kcal/500 mL): (i) a fibre‐free meal; (ii) a meal with 2.0 g agar; or (iii) a meal with 5.2 g pectin. On each occasion, participants underwent a [13C]‐acetate breath test along with serial blood sampling. To quantify gastric emptying, the half [13CO2] excretion time () and the time for maximal [13CO2] excretion rate (tlag) were determined. The post‐prandial glycaemic response was expressed as an incremental change from the fasting value at each sampling time. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (anova), followed by a post hoc paired Student's t‐test with Bonferroni adjustment.
3
The time‐course for respiratory [13CO2] excretion differed significantly among the three test meals (P = 0.0004, anova). Compared with the control meal, [13CO2] excretion was significantly lower following consumption of the agar meal (between 40 and 105 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test) and the pectin meal (between 40 and 180 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test). Among the three meals, significant differences were found in (P = 0.002, anova) and tlag (P = 0.011, anova). Compared with the control meal, the agar and pectin meals exhibited a significantly prolonged (P = 0.007 and P < 0.0001, respectively, Student's t‐test) and tlag (P = 0.006 and P = 0.002, respectively, Student's t‐test). Neither the agar nor pectin meal affected the post‐prandial glucose profile.
4
In healthy adults, agar and pectin delay gastric emptying but have no impact on the post‐prandial glucose response.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-1870</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1440-1681</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04706.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17880369</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melbourne, Australia: Blackwell Publishing Asia</publisher><subject>Adult ; agar ; Agar - administration & dosage ; Agar - pharmacology ; Blood Glucose - drug effects ; breath test ; Breath Tests ; Carbon Dioxide - metabolism ; Carbon Isotopes ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage ; Dietary Fiber - pharmacology ; gastric emptying ; Gastric Emptying - drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; pectin ; Pectins - administration & dosage ; Pectins - pharmacology ; plasma glucose ; Postprandial Period ; Reference Values ; Reproducibility of Results ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2007-11, Vol.34 (11), p.1151-1155</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4166-ea76a54afadef1ffb4946c351d30129116771aa6d97fa05911b03d5c744dda2b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1681.2007.04706.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1681.2007.04706.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17880369$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sanaka, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamamoto, Takatsugu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anjiki, Hajime</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagasawa, Kunitaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuyama, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><title>EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS</title><title>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology</title><addtitle>Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol</addtitle><description>SUMMARY
1
Dietary fibre, such as pectin, delays gastric emptying and may enhance post‐prandial glucose tolerance. Agar, which is high in fibre content, is widely used in the traditional Japanese diet. Although long‐term diet therapy with agar decreases fasting plasma glucose levels in diabetes, knowledge is lacking about the acute effects of agar on gastric emptying and the post‐prandial glycaemic profiles. The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of agar.
2
Ten healthy male volunteers were studied on three occasions with three different test meals (450 kcal/500 mL): (i) a fibre‐free meal; (ii) a meal with 2.0 g agar; or (iii) a meal with 5.2 g pectin. On each occasion, participants underwent a [13C]‐acetate breath test along with serial blood sampling. To quantify gastric emptying, the half [13CO2] excretion time () and the time for maximal [13CO2] excretion rate (tlag) were determined. The post‐prandial glycaemic response was expressed as an incremental change from the fasting value at each sampling time. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (anova), followed by a post hoc paired Student's t‐test with Bonferroni adjustment.
3
The time‐course for respiratory [13CO2] excretion differed significantly among the three test meals (P = 0.0004, anova). Compared with the control meal, [13CO2] excretion was significantly lower following consumption of the agar meal (between 40 and 105 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test) and the pectin meal (between 40 and 180 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test). Among the three meals, significant differences were found in (P = 0.002, anova) and tlag (P = 0.011, anova). Compared with the control meal, the agar and pectin meals exhibited a significantly prolonged (P = 0.007 and P < 0.0001, respectively, Student's t‐test) and tlag (P = 0.006 and P = 0.002, respectively, Student's t‐test). Neither the agar nor pectin meal affected the post‐prandial glucose profile.
4
In healthy adults, agar and pectin delay gastric emptying but have no impact on the post‐prandial glucose response.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>agar</subject><subject>Agar - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Agar - pharmacology</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - drug effects</subject><subject>breath test</subject><subject>Breath Tests</subject><subject>Carbon Dioxide - metabolism</subject><subject>Carbon Isotopes</subject><subject>Cross-Over Studies</subject><subject>Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Dietary Fiber - pharmacology</subject><subject>gastric emptying</subject><subject>Gastric Emptying - drug effects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>pectin</subject><subject>Pectins - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Pectins - pharmacology</subject><subject>plasma glucose</subject><subject>Postprandial Period</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>0305-1870</issn><issn>1440-1681</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkEFvmzAUx61pU5t2_QqTT7tBn2Njk8MOiBmCRAAB2ZST5YCRkiVLB42WfvuaEnXX-eKn9_6_96QfQpiAS-x73LuEMXAI94k7BxAuMAHcvXxAs_fBRzQDCp5DfAG36G4Y9gDgAac36JYI3wfKFzN0klEkw7rCeYSDOChxkH3Hhe0kGc4zHAdVXSYhlqui3iRZPI3zqnaK0pZJkOI43YSBXNlQUeZRksoKW3Ypg7RebvByvQoy_CNP11ktZVl9Rp86fRjMw_W_R-tI1uHSSfM4CYPUaRjh3DFacO0x3enWdKTrtmzBeEM90lIg8wUhXAiiNW8XotPg2cYWaOs1grG21fMtvUdfp71P_enP2QzP6rgbGnM46N_mdB4U9-0WoMIG_SnY9Kdh6E2nnvrdUfcvioAaZau9Gp2q0akaZas32epi0S_XG-ft0bT_wKtdG_g2Bf7uDublvxerUBZjZXln4nfDs7m887r_pbigwlM_s1h5widlUTJF6StwDJJY</recordid><startdate>200711</startdate><enddate>200711</enddate><creator>Sanaka, Masaki</creator><creator>Yamamoto, Takatsugu</creator><creator>Anjiki, Hajime</creator><creator>Nagasawa, Kunitaka</creator><creator>Kuyama, Yasushi</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Asia</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200711</creationdate><title>EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS</title><author>Sanaka, Masaki ; Yamamoto, Takatsugu ; Anjiki, Hajime ; Nagasawa, Kunitaka ; Kuyama, Yasushi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4166-ea76a54afadef1ffb4946c351d30129116771aa6d97fa05911b03d5c744dda2b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>agar</topic><topic>Agar - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Agar - pharmacology</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - drug effects</topic><topic>breath test</topic><topic>Breath Tests</topic><topic>Carbon Dioxide - metabolism</topic><topic>Carbon Isotopes</topic><topic>Cross-Over Studies</topic><topic>Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Dietary Fiber - pharmacology</topic><topic>gastric emptying</topic><topic>Gastric Emptying - drug effects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>pectin</topic><topic>Pectins - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Pectins - pharmacology</topic><topic>plasma glucose</topic><topic>Postprandial Period</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sanaka, Masaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamamoto, Takatsugu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anjiki, Hajime</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagasawa, Kunitaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuyama, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sanaka, Masaki</au><au>Yamamoto, Takatsugu</au><au>Anjiki, Hajime</au><au>Nagasawa, Kunitaka</au><au>Kuyama, Yasushi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS</atitle><jtitle>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol</addtitle><date>2007-11</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1151</spage><epage>1155</epage><pages>1151-1155</pages><issn>0305-1870</issn><eissn>1440-1681</eissn><abstract>SUMMARY
1
Dietary fibre, such as pectin, delays gastric emptying and may enhance post‐prandial glucose tolerance. Agar, which is high in fibre content, is widely used in the traditional Japanese diet. Although long‐term diet therapy with agar decreases fasting plasma glucose levels in diabetes, knowledge is lacking about the acute effects of agar on gastric emptying and the post‐prandial glycaemic profiles. The present study was designed to investigate the acute effects of agar.
2
Ten healthy male volunteers were studied on three occasions with three different test meals (450 kcal/500 mL): (i) a fibre‐free meal; (ii) a meal with 2.0 g agar; or (iii) a meal with 5.2 g pectin. On each occasion, participants underwent a [13C]‐acetate breath test along with serial blood sampling. To quantify gastric emptying, the half [13CO2] excretion time () and the time for maximal [13CO2] excretion rate (tlag) were determined. The post‐prandial glycaemic response was expressed as an incremental change from the fasting value at each sampling time. Data were analysed using repeated‐measures analysis of variance (anova), followed by a post hoc paired Student's t‐test with Bonferroni adjustment.
3
The time‐course for respiratory [13CO2] excretion differed significantly among the three test meals (P = 0.0004, anova). Compared with the control meal, [13CO2] excretion was significantly lower following consumption of the agar meal (between 40 and 105 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test) and the pectin meal (between 40 and 180 min post‐prandially; P < 0.025, Student's t‐test). Among the three meals, significant differences were found in (P = 0.002, anova) and tlag (P = 0.011, anova). Compared with the control meal, the agar and pectin meals exhibited a significantly prolonged (P = 0.007 and P < 0.0001, respectively, Student's t‐test) and tlag (P = 0.006 and P = 0.002, respectively, Student's t‐test). Neither the agar nor pectin meal affected the post‐prandial glucose profile.
4
In healthy adults, agar and pectin delay gastric emptying but have no impact on the post‐prandial glucose response.</abstract><cop>Melbourne, Australia</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Asia</pub><pmid>17880369</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04706.x</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult agar Agar - administration & dosage Agar - pharmacology Blood Glucose - drug effects breath test Breath Tests Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carbon Isotopes Cross-Over Studies Dietary Fiber - administration & dosage Dietary Fiber - pharmacology gastric emptying Gastric Emptying - drug effects Humans Male pectin Pectins - administration & dosage Pectins - pharmacology plasma glucose Postprandial Period Reference Values Reproducibility of Results Time Factors |
| title | EFFECTS OF AGAR AND PECTIN ON GASTRIC EMPTYING AND POST-PRANDIAL GLYCAEMIC PROFILES IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS |
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