Flammability limits of isobutane and its mixtures with various gases
Flammability limits of isobutane and five kinds of binary mixtures of isobutane were measured by the ASHRAE method. Propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, chloroform, and HFC-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane) were used as the counter part gases in the mixtures. The observed data were analyzed using the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of hazardous materials 2007-09, Vol.148 (3), p.640-647 |
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| container_title | Journal of hazardous materials |
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| creator | Kondo, Shigeo Takizawa, Kenji Takahashi, Akifumi Tokuhashi, Kazuaki Sekiya, Akira |
| description | Flammability limits of isobutane and five kinds of binary mixtures of isobutane were measured by the ASHRAE method. Propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, chloroform, and HFC-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane) were used as the counter part gases in the mixtures. The observed data were analyzed using the equations based on Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with propane were well explained by the original Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with nitrogen and the ones with carbon dioxide were adequately analyzed by the extended Le Chatelier's formula. It was found that the extended Le Chatelier's formula is also applicable to the flammability limits of mixtures with chloroform and HFC-125. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.021 |
| format | Article |
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Propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, chloroform, and HFC-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane) were used as the counter part gases in the mixtures. The observed data were analyzed using the equations based on Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with propane were well explained by the original Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with nitrogen and the ones with carbon dioxide were adequately analyzed by the extended Le Chatelier's formula. 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Propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, chloroform, and HFC-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane) were used as the counter part gases in the mixtures. The observed data were analyzed using the equations based on Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with propane were well explained by the original Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with nitrogen and the ones with carbon dioxide were adequately analyzed by the extended Le Chatelier's formula. It was found that the extended Le Chatelier's formula is also applicable to the flammability limits of mixtures with chloroform and HFC-125.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Butanes - chemistry</subject><subject>Carbon Dioxide - chemistry</subject><subject>Chloroform - chemistry</subject><subject>Diluent gases</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Explosions - prevention & control</subject><subject>Extended Le Chatelier's formula</subject><subject>Fires - prevention & control</subject><subject>Flammability limits</subject><subject>Fluorocarbons - chemistry</subject><subject>Gases - chemistry</subject><subject>Isobutane</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Nitrogen - chemistry</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Volatilization</subject><issn>0304-3894</issn><issn>1873-3336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1u1DAURi0EokPbRyjKBnYJ1_FfskKoUKhUqRtYW9eO3XqUTIrtlLZPj0cTqcu5G0tX57M_-RByQaGhQOWXbbO9x5cJc9MCqAZYAy19Qza0U6xmjMm3ZAMMeM26np-QDyltAYAqwd-TE6o4Y4L1G_L9asRpQhPGkJ-rMUwhp2r2VUizWTLuXIW7odovp_CUl-hS9S_k--oRY5iXVN1hcumMvPM4Jne-nqfkz9WP35e_6pvbn9eX325qy3uZa-SeUykEeOudZH3PjTSlvFHUCKQ4SGNQCmyNVxI7JbzgknKhWsY4tZ6dks-Hex_i_HdxKespJOvGsfQsZbTs2lYoBkdBBhRUC91RkPZSKZCqgOIA2jinFJ3XDzFMGJ81Bb0Xord6FaL3QjQwXYSU3Mf1gcVMbnhNrQYK8GkFMFkcfcSdDemV60GU2XNfD5wrH_wYXNTJBrezbgjR2ayHORyp8h_7oKs7</recordid><startdate>20070930</startdate><enddate>20070930</enddate><creator>Kondo, Shigeo</creator><creator>Takizawa, Kenji</creator><creator>Takahashi, Akifumi</creator><creator>Tokuhashi, Kazuaki</creator><creator>Sekiya, Akira</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070930</creationdate><title>Flammability limits of isobutane and its mixtures with various gases</title><author>Kondo, Shigeo ; Takizawa, Kenji ; Takahashi, Akifumi ; Tokuhashi, Kazuaki ; Sekiya, Akira</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-a4f416550fcfe63994b6b007b71b5a1ad6bba65a2bf76a875f546145723341cf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Butanes - chemistry</topic><topic>Carbon Dioxide - chemistry</topic><topic>Chloroform - chemistry</topic><topic>Diluent gases</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Explosions - prevention & control</topic><topic>Extended Le Chatelier's formula</topic><topic>Fires - prevention & control</topic><topic>Flammability limits</topic><topic>Fluorocarbons - chemistry</topic><topic>Gases - chemistry</topic><topic>Isobutane</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Nitrogen - chemistry</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Volatilization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kondo, Shigeo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takizawa, Kenji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Akifumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokuhashi, Kazuaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sekiya, Akira</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kondo, Shigeo</au><au>Takizawa, Kenji</au><au>Takahashi, Akifumi</au><au>Tokuhashi, Kazuaki</au><au>Sekiya, Akira</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Flammability limits of isobutane and its mixtures with various gases</atitle><jtitle>Journal of hazardous materials</jtitle><addtitle>J Hazard Mater</addtitle><date>2007-09-30</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>148</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>640</spage><epage>647</epage><pages>640-647</pages><issn>0304-3894</issn><eissn>1873-3336</eissn><coden>JHMAD9</coden><abstract>Flammability limits of isobutane and five kinds of binary mixtures of isobutane were measured by the ASHRAE method. Propane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, chloroform, and HFC-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane) were used as the counter part gases in the mixtures. The observed data were analyzed using the equations based on Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with propane were well explained by the original Le Chatelier's formula. The flammability limits of mixtures with nitrogen and the ones with carbon dioxide were adequately analyzed by the extended Le Chatelier's formula. It was found that the extended Le Chatelier's formula is also applicable to the flammability limits of mixtures with chloroform and HFC-125.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>17433539</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.021</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0304-3894 |
| ispartof | Journal of hazardous materials, 2007-09, Vol.148 (3), p.640-647 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Applied sciences Butanes - chemistry Carbon Dioxide - chemistry Chloroform - chemistry Diluent gases Exact sciences and technology Explosions - prevention & control Extended Le Chatelier's formula Fires - prevention & control Flammability limits Fluorocarbons - chemistry Gases - chemistry Isobutane Materials Testing Nitrogen - chemistry Pollution Volatilization |
| title | Flammability limits of isobutane and its mixtures with various gases |
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