Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies
Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many epidemiological studies, however, the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incid...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of human hypertension 2007-09, Vol.21 (9), p.717-728 |
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| creator | He, F J Nowson, C A Lucas, M MacGregor, G A |
| description | Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many epidemiological studies, however, the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of CHD by carrying out a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Studies were included if they reported relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of CHD with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Twelve studies, consisting of 13 independent cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. There were 278 459 individuals (9143 CHD events) with a median follow-up of 11 years. Compared with individuals who had less than 3 servings/day of fruit and vegetables, the pooled RR of CHD was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86–1.00,
P
=0.06) for those with 3–5 servings/day and 0.83 (0.77–0.89,
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212 |
| format | Article |
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P
=0.06) for those with 3–5 servings/day and 0.83 (0.77–0.89,
P
<0.0001) for those with more than 5 servings/day. Subgroup analyses showed that both fruits and vegetables had a significant protective effect on CHD. Our meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies demonstrates that increased consumption of fruit and vegetables from less than 3 to more than 5 servings/day is related to a 17% reduction in CHD risk, whereas increased intake to 3–5 servings/day is associated with a smaller and borderline significant reduction in CHD risk. These results provide strong support for the recommendations to consume more than 5 servings/day of fruit and vegetables.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-9240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5527</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17443205</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood and lymphatic vessels ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Cardiovascular disease ; Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Coronary artery disease ; Coronary Disease - prevention & control ; Coronary heart disease ; Epidemiology ; Fruit ; Fruits ; Health Administration ; Health aspects ; Heart ; Heart diseases ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Meta-analysis ; original-article ; Prevention ; Public Health ; Risk assessment ; Risk factors ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Vegetables</subject><ispartof>Journal of human hypertension, 2007-09, Vol.21 (9), p.717-728</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 2007</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2007 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Sep 2007</rights><rights>Nature Publishing Group 2007.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c622t-55ce8f6eb269d761f55f1245f5844e3dcd8b47875084acad4e3972a3da991be53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c622t-55ce8f6eb269d761f55f1245f5844e3dcd8b47875084acad4e3972a3da991be53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18987598$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17443205$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>He, F J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nowson, C A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucas, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacGregor, G A</creatorcontrib><title>Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies</title><title>Journal of human hypertension</title><addtitle>J Hum Hypertens</addtitle><addtitle>J Hum Hypertens</addtitle><description>Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many epidemiological studies, however, the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of CHD by carrying out a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Studies were included if they reported relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of CHD with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Twelve studies, consisting of 13 independent cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. There were 278 459 individuals (9143 CHD events) with a median follow-up of 11 years. Compared with individuals who had less than 3 servings/day of fruit and vegetables, the pooled RR of CHD was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86–1.00,
P
=0.06) for those with 3–5 servings/day and 0.83 (0.77–0.89,
P
<0.0001) for those with more than 5 servings/day. Subgroup analyses showed that both fruits and vegetables had a significant protective effect on CHD. Our meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies demonstrates that increased consumption of fruit and vegetables from less than 3 to more than 5 servings/day is related to a 17% reduction in CHD risk, whereas increased intake to 3–5 servings/day is associated with a smaller and borderline significant reduction in CHD risk. These results provide strong support for the recommendations to consume more than 5 servings/day of fruit and vegetables.</description><subject>Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood and lymphatic vessels</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Coronary artery disease</subject><subject>Coronary Disease - prevention & control</subject><subject>Coronary heart disease</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Fruit</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Health Administration</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>original-article</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Risk Reduction Behavior</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><issn>0950-9240</issn><issn>1476-5527</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk1v1DAQhiMEokvhyhFZoPa2W9uJE7u3qipQqRIXOFtef-x6SeLF4yD1B_C_mdCVFlB7sj3zzDuej6p6y-iK0VpewG61227xTjln_Fm1YE3XLoXg3fNqQZWgS8UbelK9AthROjvly-qEdU1TcyoW1a_b0WZvwDti0wjTsC8xjSQFEvIUCzGjIz_9xhez7j2QCCT73hTESyIGH26y-MgRvs9BNuU0mnxPtt7kQlyEWfuSDCiwNKPp7wEl_oDbhACUyUUPr6sXwfTg3xzO0-rbx5uv15-Xd18-3V5f3S1ty3nBsqyXofVr3irXtSwIERhvRBCyaXztrJPrppOdoLIx1ji0qY6b2hml2NqL-rQ6f9Dd5_Rj8lD0EMH6vjejTxPoVjLFqWQIfvgP3KUp4_9B87ahmA97i9T7JymmVNtIqY5SG9N7HceQSjZ2zquvmGwF61hdI7V6hJqL8EPEyfgQ0f5PwPlfAdjuvmwh9dM8PnhU2eYEkH3Q-xwHnJFmVM87pGGncYf0YYcw4N2hqmk9eHfED0uDwNkBMGBNH7IZbYQjJxWOQEnkLh44QNe48fnYnidS_wYOR92y</recordid><startdate>20070901</startdate><enddate>20070901</enddate><creator>He, F J</creator><creator>Nowson, C A</creator><creator>Lucas, M</creator><creator>MacGregor, G A</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070901</creationdate><title>Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies</title><author>He, F J ; Nowson, C A ; Lucas, M ; MacGregor, G A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c622t-55ce8f6eb269d761f55f1245f5844e3dcd8b47875084acad4e3972a3da991be53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood and lymphatic vessels</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Coronary artery disease</topic><topic>Coronary Disease - prevention & control</topic><topic>Coronary heart disease</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Fruit</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Health Administration</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>original-article</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Risk Reduction Behavior</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>He, F J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nowson, C A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucas, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MacGregor, G A</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of human hypertension</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>He, F J</au><au>Nowson, C A</au><au>Lucas, M</au><au>MacGregor, G A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies</atitle><jtitle>Journal of human hypertension</jtitle><stitle>J Hum Hypertens</stitle><addtitle>J Hum Hypertens</addtitle><date>2007-09-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>717</spage><epage>728</epage><pages>717-728</pages><issn>0950-9240</issn><eissn>1476-5527</eissn><abstract>Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many epidemiological studies, however, the extent of the association is uncertain. We quantitatively assessed the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of CHD by carrying out a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Studies were included if they reported relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of CHD with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake. Twelve studies, consisting of 13 independent cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. There were 278 459 individuals (9143 CHD events) with a median follow-up of 11 years. Compared with individuals who had less than 3 servings/day of fruit and vegetables, the pooled RR of CHD was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86–1.00,
P
=0.06) for those with 3–5 servings/day and 0.83 (0.77–0.89,
P
<0.0001) for those with more than 5 servings/day. Subgroup analyses showed that both fruits and vegetables had a significant protective effect on CHD. Our meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies demonstrates that increased consumption of fruit and vegetables from less than 3 to more than 5 servings/day is related to a 17% reduction in CHD risk, whereas increased intake to 3–5 servings/day is associated with a smaller and borderline significant reduction in CHD risk. These results provide strong support for the recommendations to consume more than 5 servings/day of fruit and vegetables.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>17443205</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.jhh.1002212</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension Biological and medical sciences Blood and lymphatic vessels Cardiology. Vascular system Cardiovascular disease Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Coronary artery disease Coronary Disease - prevention & control Coronary heart disease Epidemiology Fruit Fruits Health Administration Health aspects Heart Heart diseases Humans Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Meta-analysis original-article Prevention Public Health Risk assessment Risk factors Risk Reduction Behavior Vegetables |
| title | Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies |
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