Metabolic Effects of Abomasal L-Carnitine Infusion and Feed Restriction in Lactating Holstein Cows
L-Carnitine is required for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but the effects of carnitine supplementation on nutrient metabolism during dry matter intake depression have not been determined in dairy cows. Studies in other species have revealed responses to L-carnitine that may be of specific bene...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of dairy science 2006-12, Vol.89 (12), p.4819-4834 |
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| creator | Carlson, D.B Litherland, N.B Dann, H.M Woodworth, J.C Drackley, J.K |
| description | L-Carnitine is required for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but the effects of carnitine supplementation on nutrient metabolism during dry matter intake depression have not been determined in dairy cows. Studies in other species have revealed responses to L-carnitine that may be of specific benefit to dairy cows during the periparturient period. Eight lactating Holstein cows (132 ± 36 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 14-d periods. Treatments were factorial combinations of abomasal infusion of either water or L-carnitine (20 g/d; d 5 to 14) and either ad libitum or restricted intake (50% of previous 5-d dry matter intake; d 10 to 14) of a balanced lactation diet. Liver and muscle biopsies were obtained on d 14 of each period. Feed restriction induced negative balances of energy and metabolizable protein. In feed-restricted cows, carnitine infusion increased 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield compared with those infused with water. Total carnitine concentration in liver was increased in feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine but not in feed-restricted cows infused with water. Carnitine infusion stimulated in vitro oxidation of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate to acid-soluble products and decreased the proportion of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate that was converted to esterified products by liver slices. Feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine had lower liver total lipid concentration and tended to have decreased triglyceride accumulation compared with feed-restricted cows infused with water. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was not altered by carnitine infusion but was increased by feed restriction; serum β-hydroxybutyric acid was increased by carnitine infusion in feed-restricted cows. In cows fed for ad libitum intake, carnitine infusion affected β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, and urea N in serum, liver glycogen concentration, and in vitro alanine oxidation by liver slices, suggesting that hepatic and peripheral nutrient metabolism was influenced. L-Carnitine infusion effectively decreased liver lipid accumulation during feed restriction as a result of greater capacity for hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Further research examining dietary supplementation of L-carnitine during the periparturient period is warranted. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72531-0 |
| format | Article |
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Studies in other species have revealed responses to L-carnitine that may be of specific benefit to dairy cows during the periparturient period. Eight lactating Holstein cows (132 ± 36 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 14-d periods. Treatments were factorial combinations of abomasal infusion of either water or L-carnitine (20 g/d; d 5 to 14) and either ad libitum or restricted intake (50% of previous 5-d dry matter intake; d 10 to 14) of a balanced lactation diet. Liver and muscle biopsies were obtained on d 14 of each period. Feed restriction induced negative balances of energy and metabolizable protein. In feed-restricted cows, carnitine infusion increased 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield compared with those infused with water. Total carnitine concentration in liver was increased in feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine but not in feed-restricted cows infused with water. Carnitine infusion stimulated in vitro oxidation of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate to acid-soluble products and decreased the proportion of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate that was converted to esterified products by liver slices. Feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine had lower liver total lipid concentration and tended to have decreased triglyceride accumulation compared with feed-restricted cows infused with water. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was not altered by carnitine infusion but was increased by feed restriction; serum β-hydroxybutyric acid was increased by carnitine infusion in feed-restricted cows. In cows fed for ad libitum intake, carnitine infusion affected β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, and urea N in serum, liver glycogen concentration, and in vitro alanine oxidation by liver slices, suggesting that hepatic and peripheral nutrient metabolism was influenced. L-Carnitine infusion effectively decreased liver lipid accumulation during feed restriction as a result of greater capacity for hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Further research examining dietary supplementation of L-carnitine during the periparturient period is warranted.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72531-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17106113</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Savoy, IL: American Dairy Science Association</publisher><subject>abomasum ; Abomasum - metabolism ; Animal Feed - analysis ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; blood lipids ; Carbon Isotopes - analysis ; carnitine ; Carnitine - administration & dosage ; Carnitine - pharmacology ; Cattle - metabolism ; cow feeding ; dairy cows ; Diet - veterinary ; digestible protein ; drug delivery systems ; Eating - drug effects ; energy balance ; Energy Metabolism - drug effects ; Feed and pet food industries ; feed intake ; feed supplements ; Female ; Food industries ; free fatty acids ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Holstein ; intraabomasal infusion ; lactation ; Lactation - drug effects ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects ; lipid peroxidation ; liver ; Liver - chemistry ; Liver - metabolism ; Milk - chemistry ; Milk - drug effects ; Milk - secretion ; milk yield ; mitochondria ; nutrition physiology ; Palmitates - metabolism ; parturition ; periparturient period ; postpartum period ; pregnancy ; protein metabolism ; restricted feeding ; Terrestrial animal productions ; triacylglycerols ; Vertebrates ; Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage ; Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy science, 2006-12, Vol.89 (12), p.4819-4834</ispartof><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Dairy Science Association Dec 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-6a1cb0a2d13783b6a35102ae91d9d79f3232fbd9d7f0b2bdb5d879c48bcb52bb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-6a1cb0a2d13783b6a35102ae91d9d79f3232fbd9d7f0b2bdb5d879c48bcb52bb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18323774$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17106113$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Carlson, D.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Litherland, N.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dann, H.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woodworth, J.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drackley, J.K</creatorcontrib><title>Metabolic Effects of Abomasal L-Carnitine Infusion and Feed Restriction in Lactating Holstein Cows</title><title>Journal of dairy science</title><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><description>L-Carnitine is required for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but the effects of carnitine supplementation on nutrient metabolism during dry matter intake depression have not been determined in dairy cows. Studies in other species have revealed responses to L-carnitine that may be of specific benefit to dairy cows during the periparturient period. Eight lactating Holstein cows (132 ± 36 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 14-d periods. Treatments were factorial combinations of abomasal infusion of either water or L-carnitine (20 g/d; d 5 to 14) and either ad libitum or restricted intake (50% of previous 5-d dry matter intake; d 10 to 14) of a balanced lactation diet. Liver and muscle biopsies were obtained on d 14 of each period. Feed restriction induced negative balances of energy and metabolizable protein. In feed-restricted cows, carnitine infusion increased 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield compared with those infused with water. Total carnitine concentration in liver was increased in feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine but not in feed-restricted cows infused with water. Carnitine infusion stimulated in vitro oxidation of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate to acid-soluble products and decreased the proportion of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate that was converted to esterified products by liver slices. Feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine had lower liver total lipid concentration and tended to have decreased triglyceride accumulation compared with feed-restricted cows infused with water. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was not altered by carnitine infusion but was increased by feed restriction; serum β-hydroxybutyric acid was increased by carnitine infusion in feed-restricted cows. In cows fed for ad libitum intake, carnitine infusion affected β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, and urea N in serum, liver glycogen concentration, and in vitro alanine oxidation by liver slices, suggesting that hepatic and peripheral nutrient metabolism was influenced. L-Carnitine infusion effectively decreased liver lipid accumulation during feed restriction as a result of greater capacity for hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Further research examining dietary supplementation of L-carnitine during the periparturient period is warranted.</description><subject>abomasum</subject><subject>Abomasum - metabolism</subject><subject>Animal Feed - analysis</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>blood lipids</subject><subject>Carbon Isotopes - analysis</subject><subject>carnitine</subject><subject>Carnitine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Carnitine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cattle - metabolism</subject><subject>cow feeding</subject><subject>dairy cows</subject><subject>Diet - veterinary</subject><subject>digestible protein</subject><subject>drug delivery systems</subject><subject>Eating - drug effects</subject><subject>energy balance</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>Feed and pet food industries</subject><subject>feed intake</subject><subject>feed supplements</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>free fatty acids</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Holstein</subject><subject>intraabomasal infusion</subject><subject>lactation</subject><subject>Lactation - drug effects</subject><subject>Least-Squares Analysis</subject><subject>Lipid Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>lipid peroxidation</subject><subject>liver</subject><subject>Liver - chemistry</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Milk - chemistry</subject><subject>Milk - drug effects</subject><subject>Milk - secretion</subject><subject>milk yield</subject><subject>mitochondria</subject><subject>nutrition physiology</subject><subject>Palmitates - metabolism</subject><subject>parturition</subject><subject>periparturient period</subject><subject>postpartum period</subject><subject>pregnancy</subject><subject>protein metabolism</subject><subject>restricted feeding</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>triacylglycerols</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkV1vFCEUhonR2O3qX1A08etiKgeGGbhsNq1tssbE2msCDGzZzAwVZtL478u4G5t4xTknD-fjfRF6B-SMQSO-7rt8lgmhtCKM0M-k-dJSzqAiz9AKOOUVAymeo9U_5ASd5rwvKVDCX6ITaIE0AGyFzHc3aRP7YPGF985OGUePz00cdNY93lYbncYwhdHh69HPOcQR67HDl851-KfLUwp2WophxFttJ13QHb6KfZ5cKW3iQ36FXnjdZ_f6-K7R7eXFr81Vtf3x7Xpzvq0sr_lUNRqsIZp2wFrBTKMZB0K1k9DJrpWeUUa9WWJPDDWd4Z1opa2FsYZTY9gafTz0vU_x91xWU0PI1vW9Hl2cs2oE1A3htIDv_wP3cU5j2U2B5KIIRqBA8gDZFHNOzqv7FAad_igganFBFRfUzSKxWiRWpFF_XSjZGr05DpjN4Lqnn0fZC_DhCOhsde-THm3IT5wox7ZtXbhPB-4u7O4eQnIqD7rvS1tYxgupgKpagCzk2wPpdVR6l0q32xta7iAAwGXL2SO5oqcm</recordid><startdate>20061201</startdate><enddate>20061201</enddate><creator>Carlson, D.B</creator><creator>Litherland, N.B</creator><creator>Dann, H.M</creator><creator>Woodworth, J.C</creator><creator>Drackley, J.K</creator><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20061201</creationdate><title>Metabolic Effects of Abomasal L-Carnitine Infusion and Feed Restriction in Lactating Holstein Cows</title><author>Carlson, D.B ; Litherland, N.B ; Dann, H.M ; Woodworth, J.C ; Drackley, J.K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-6a1cb0a2d13783b6a35102ae91d9d79f3232fbd9d7f0b2bdb5d879c48bcb52bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>abomasum</topic><topic>Abomasum - metabolism</topic><topic>Animal Feed - analysis</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>blood lipids</topic><topic>Carbon Isotopes - analysis</topic><topic>carnitine</topic><topic>Carnitine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Carnitine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cattle - metabolism</topic><topic>cow feeding</topic><topic>dairy cows</topic><topic>Diet - veterinary</topic><topic>digestible protein</topic><topic>drug delivery systems</topic><topic>Eating - drug effects</topic><topic>energy balance</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism - drug effects</topic><topic>Feed and pet food industries</topic><topic>feed intake</topic><topic>feed supplements</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>free fatty acids</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Holstein</topic><topic>intraabomasal infusion</topic><topic>lactation</topic><topic>Lactation - drug effects</topic><topic>Least-Squares Analysis</topic><topic>Lipid Metabolism - drug effects</topic><topic>lipid peroxidation</topic><topic>liver</topic><topic>Liver - chemistry</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Milk - chemistry</topic><topic>Milk - drug effects</topic><topic>Milk - secretion</topic><topic>milk yield</topic><topic>mitochondria</topic><topic>nutrition physiology</topic><topic>Palmitates - metabolism</topic><topic>parturition</topic><topic>periparturient period</topic><topic>postpartum period</topic><topic>pregnancy</topic><topic>protein metabolism</topic><topic>restricted feeding</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>triacylglycerols</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Carlson, D.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Litherland, N.B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dann, H.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woodworth, J.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drackley, J.K</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Carlson, D.B</au><au>Litherland, N.B</au><au>Dann, H.M</au><au>Woodworth, J.C</au><au>Drackley, J.K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Metabolic Effects of Abomasal L-Carnitine Infusion and Feed Restriction in Lactating Holstein Cows</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2006-12-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>89</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>4819</spage><epage>4834</epage><pages>4819-4834</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>L-Carnitine is required for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but the effects of carnitine supplementation on nutrient metabolism during dry matter intake depression have not been determined in dairy cows. Studies in other species have revealed responses to L-carnitine that may be of specific benefit to dairy cows during the periparturient period. Eight lactating Holstein cows (132 ± 36 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment with 14-d periods. Treatments were factorial combinations of abomasal infusion of either water or L-carnitine (20 g/d; d 5 to 14) and either ad libitum or restricted intake (50% of previous 5-d dry matter intake; d 10 to 14) of a balanced lactation diet. Liver and muscle biopsies were obtained on d 14 of each period. Feed restriction induced negative balances of energy and metabolizable protein. In feed-restricted cows, carnitine infusion increased 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield compared with those infused with water. Total carnitine concentration in liver was increased in feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine but not in feed-restricted cows infused with water. Carnitine infusion stimulated in vitro oxidation of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate to acid-soluble products and decreased the proportion of [1-¹⁴C] palmitate that was converted to esterified products by liver slices. Feed-restricted cows infused with carnitine had lower liver total lipid concentration and tended to have decreased triglyceride accumulation compared with feed-restricted cows infused with water. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was not altered by carnitine infusion but was increased by feed restriction; serum β-hydroxybutyric acid was increased by carnitine infusion in feed-restricted cows. In cows fed for ad libitum intake, carnitine infusion affected β-hydroxybutyric acid, insulin, and urea N in serum, liver glycogen concentration, and in vitro alanine oxidation by liver slices, suggesting that hepatic and peripheral nutrient metabolism was influenced. L-Carnitine infusion effectively decreased liver lipid accumulation during feed restriction as a result of greater capacity for hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Further research examining dietary supplementation of L-carnitine during the periparturient period is warranted.</abstract><cop>Savoy, IL</cop><pub>American Dairy Science Association</pub><pmid>17106113</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72531-0</doi><tpages>16</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of dairy science, 2006-12, Vol.89 (12), p.4819-4834 |
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| subjects | abomasum Abomasum - metabolism Animal Feed - analysis Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences blood lipids Carbon Isotopes - analysis carnitine Carnitine - administration & dosage Carnitine - pharmacology Cattle - metabolism cow feeding dairy cows Diet - veterinary digestible protein drug delivery systems Eating - drug effects energy balance Energy Metabolism - drug effects Feed and pet food industries feed intake feed supplements Female Food industries free fatty acids Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Holstein intraabomasal infusion lactation Lactation - drug effects Least-Squares Analysis Lipid Metabolism - drug effects lipid peroxidation liver Liver - chemistry Liver - metabolism Milk - chemistry Milk - drug effects Milk - secretion milk yield mitochondria nutrition physiology Palmitates - metabolism parturition periparturient period postpartum period pregnancy protein metabolism restricted feeding Terrestrial animal productions triacylglycerols Vertebrates Vitamin B Complex - administration & dosage Vitamin B Complex - pharmacology |
| title | Metabolic Effects of Abomasal L-Carnitine Infusion and Feed Restriction in Lactating Holstein Cows |
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