Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α activity in Ixodes ricinus saliva
Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the most prominent inflammatory mediators playing a central role in starting off the inflammatory reactions of the innate immune system. We identified a TNF-α-inhibitory activity in the saliva and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Parasite immunology 2006-12, Vol.28 (12), p.649-656 |
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| creator | Konik, P Slavikova, V Salat, J Reznickova, J Dvoroznakova, E Kopecky, J |
| description | Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the most prominent inflammatory mediators playing a central role in starting off the inflammatory reactions of the innate immune system. We identified a TNF-α-inhibitory activity in the saliva and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricinus ticks. Using mouse and human TNF-α specific ELISA, we showed that tick saliva or SGE markedly reduced the level of detectable cytokine. Both saliva and SGE inhibited the cytotoxic effect of TNF-α in a bioassay. Elimination of the TNF-α-inhibitory activity in SGE by trypsin digestion demonstrated that the anti-TNF-α factor is a protein. Fast protein liquid chromatography fractionation of SGE showed one peak of TNF-α-inhibitory activity corresponding to a protein with estimated molecular mass 23 kDa. The likely mechanism of the inhibitory effect is a direct binding of the cytokine. The TNF-α-inhibitory molecule seems to play an important role in the anti-inflammatory effect of tick saliva at the tick feeding site, providing a gateway to the host for tick-borne pathogens. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00899.x |
| format | Article |
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We identified a TNF-α-inhibitory activity in the saliva and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricinus ticks. Using mouse and human TNF-α specific ELISA, we showed that tick saliva or SGE markedly reduced the level of detectable cytokine. Both saliva and SGE inhibited the cytotoxic effect of TNF-α in a bioassay. Elimination of the TNF-α-inhibitory activity in SGE by trypsin digestion demonstrated that the anti-TNF-α factor is a protein. Fast protein liquid chromatography fractionation of SGE showed one peak of TNF-α-inhibitory activity corresponding to a protein with estimated molecular mass 23 kDa. The likely mechanism of the inhibitory effect is a direct binding of the cytokine. 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We identified a TNF-α-inhibitory activity in the saliva and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricinus ticks. Using mouse and human TNF-α specific ELISA, we showed that tick saliva or SGE markedly reduced the level of detectable cytokine. Both saliva and SGE inhibited the cytotoxic effect of TNF-α in a bioassay. Elimination of the TNF-α-inhibitory activity in SGE by trypsin digestion demonstrated that the anti-TNF-α factor is a protein. Fast protein liquid chromatography fractionation of SGE showed one peak of TNF-α-inhibitory activity corresponding to a protein with estimated molecular mass 23 kDa. The likely mechanism of the inhibitory effect is a direct binding of the cytokine. The TNF-α-inhibitory molecule seems to play an important role in the anti-inflammatory effect of tick saliva at the tick feeding site, providing a gateway to the host for tick-borne pathogens.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ixodes - immunology</subject><subject>Ixodes ricinus</subject><subject>Ixodidae</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Saliva - chemistry</subject><subject>Saliva - immunology</subject><subject>Saliva - metabolism</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - chemistry</subject><subject>Salivary Glands - immunology</subject><subject>tick saliva</subject><subject>Tissue Extracts - immunology</subject><subject>Tissue Extracts - metabolism</subject><subject>Tissue Extracts - pharmacology</subject><subject>TNF-α</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology</subject><subject>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</subject><issn>0141-9838</issn><issn>1365-3024</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1OwzAQhS0EoqVwBciKXcI4ThxbYgGq-KlUBBJ0bTmOg1ylSbGT0h6Li3AmHFrBEmYzI_m9N5rPCAUYIuzrYh5hQtOQQJxEMQCNABjn0XoPDX8e9tEQcIJDzggboCPn5gCYxJQcogHOgFOaJEN0dV23Jmy7RdPZoNbKNs64oJSqbWz4-RH4waxMuwlMHUzWTaFdYI0ydecCJyuzksfooJSV0ye7PkKz25uX8X04fbybjK-noUoyzENGFcGc4xQwEE4ILdJUxynQIlHAJDCVZ0lcqARnOqYyL7jOqaRZyVJFcp2TETrf5i5t89Zp14qFcUpXlax10zlBGfa5_ti_hJinKadx5oVsK-yPdlaXYmnNQtqNwCB6zGIuepqipyl6zOIbs1h76-luR5cvdPFr3HH1gsut4N1UevPvYPE0efCDt59t7aVshHy1xonZc-y_D7ybMALkCzDalBc</recordid><startdate>200612</startdate><enddate>200612</enddate><creator>Konik, P</creator><creator>Slavikova, V</creator><creator>Salat, J</creator><creator>Reznickova, J</creator><creator>Dvoroznakova, E</creator><creator>Kopecky, J</creator><general>Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200612</creationdate><title>Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α activity in Ixodes ricinus saliva</title><author>Konik, P ; Slavikova, V ; Salat, J ; Reznickova, J ; Dvoroznakova, E ; Kopecky, J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4719-86c31991501039336d55e2506d4c08a08cb742dc417e26abd9eb6a67f85c3beb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Ixodes - immunology</topic><topic>Ixodes ricinus</topic><topic>Ixodidae</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Saliva - chemistry</topic><topic>Saliva - immunology</topic><topic>Saliva - metabolism</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - chemistry</topic><topic>Salivary Glands - immunology</topic><topic>tick saliva</topic><topic>Tissue Extracts - immunology</topic><topic>Tissue Extracts - metabolism</topic><topic>Tissue Extracts - pharmacology</topic><topic>TNF-α</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology</topic><topic>Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Konik, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slavikova, V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salat, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reznickova, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dvoroznakova, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kopecky, J</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Parasite immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Konik, P</au><au>Slavikova, V</au><au>Salat, J</au><au>Reznickova, J</au><au>Dvoroznakova, E</au><au>Kopecky, J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α activity in Ixodes ricinus saliva</atitle><jtitle>Parasite immunology</jtitle><addtitle>Parasite Immunol</addtitle><date>2006-12</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>649</spage><epage>656</epage><pages>649-656</pages><issn>0141-9838</issn><eissn>1365-3024</eissn><abstract>Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the most prominent inflammatory mediators playing a central role in starting off the inflammatory reactions of the innate immune system. We identified a TNF-α-inhibitory activity in the saliva and salivary gland extract (SGE) from partially fed Ixodes ricinus ticks. Using mouse and human TNF-α specific ELISA, we showed that tick saliva or SGE markedly reduced the level of detectable cytokine. Both saliva and SGE inhibited the cytotoxic effect of TNF-α in a bioassay. Elimination of the TNF-α-inhibitory activity in SGE by trypsin digestion demonstrated that the anti-TNF-α factor is a protein. Fast protein liquid chromatography fractionation of SGE showed one peak of TNF-α-inhibitory activity corresponding to a protein with estimated molecular mass 23 kDa. The likely mechanism of the inhibitory effect is a direct binding of the cytokine. The TNF-α-inhibitory molecule seems to play an important role in the anti-inflammatory effect of tick saliva at the tick feeding site, providing a gateway to the host for tick-borne pathogens.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>17096644</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00899.x</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; MEDLINE; IngentaConnect Free/Open Access Journals; Wiley Online Library Free Content; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Animals Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Humans Ixodes - immunology Ixodes ricinus Ixodidae Mice Saliva - chemistry Saliva - immunology Saliva - metabolism Salivary Glands - chemistry Salivary Glands - immunology tick saliva Tissue Extracts - immunology Tissue Extracts - metabolism Tissue Extracts - pharmacology TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism |
| title | Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α activity in Ixodes ricinus saliva |
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