Genotyping of Giardia in Dutch patients and animals: A phylogenetic analysis of human and animal isolates

Giardia duodenalis (syn. Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis) is a protozoan organism that can infect the intestinal tract of many animal species including mammals. Genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis is well described but the zoonotic potential is still not clear. In this study, we analysed 10...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal for parasitology 2006-06, Vol.36 (7), p.849-858
Hauptverfasser: van der Giessen, J.W.B., de Vries, A., Roos, M., Wielinga, Peter, Kortbeek, L.M., Mank, T.G.
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container_issue 7
container_start_page 849
container_title International journal for parasitology
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creator van der Giessen, J.W.B.
de Vries, A.
Roos, M.
Wielinga, Peter
Kortbeek, L.M.
Mank, T.G.
description Giardia duodenalis (syn. Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis) is a protozoan organism that can infect the intestinal tract of many animal species including mammals. Genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis is well described but the zoonotic potential is still not clear. In this study, we analysed 100 Giardia DNA samples directly isolated from human stool specimens, to get more insight in the different G. duodenalis assemblages present in the Dutch human population. Results showed that these human isolates could be divided into two main Assemblages A and B within the G. duodenalis group on the basis of PCR assays specific for the Assemblages A and B and the DNA sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA and the glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh) genes. Genotyping results showed that G. duodenalis isolates originating from Dutch human patients belonged in 35% of the cases to Assemblage A (34/98) and in 65% of the cases to Assemblage B (64/98) whereas two human cases remained negative in all assays tested. In addition, we compared these human samples with animal samples from the Netherlands and human and animal samples from other countries. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the DNA sequences obtained from these Giardia and those available in GenBank. Using gdh DNA sequence analysis, human and animal Assemblage A and B Giardia isolates could be identified. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed different sub-clustering for human and animal isolates where host–species-specific assemblages (C, D, E, F and G) could be identified. The geographic origin of the human and animal samples was not a discriminating factor.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.03.001
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Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis) is a protozoan organism that can infect the intestinal tract of many animal species including mammals. Genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis is well described but the zoonotic potential is still not clear. In this study, we analysed 100 Giardia DNA samples directly isolated from human stool specimens, to get more insight in the different G. duodenalis assemblages present in the Dutch human population. Results showed that these human isolates could be divided into two main Assemblages A and B within the G. duodenalis group on the basis of PCR assays specific for the Assemblages A and B and the DNA sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA and the glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh) genes. Genotyping results showed that G. duodenalis isolates originating from Dutch human patients belonged in 35% of the cases to Assemblage A (34/98) and in 65% of the cases to Assemblage B (64/98) whereas two human cases remained negative in all assays tested. In addition, we compared these human samples with animal samples from the Netherlands and human and animal samples from other countries. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the DNA sequences obtained from these Giardia and those available in GenBank. Using gdh DNA sequence analysis, human and animal Assemblage A and B Giardia isolates could be identified. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed different sub-clustering for human and animal isolates where host–species-specific assemblages (C, D, E, F and G) could be identified. 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Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis) is a protozoan organism that can infect the intestinal tract of many animal species including mammals. Genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis is well described but the zoonotic potential is still not clear. In this study, we analysed 100 Giardia DNA samples directly isolated from human stool specimens, to get more insight in the different G. duodenalis assemblages present in the Dutch human population. Results showed that these human isolates could be divided into two main Assemblages A and B within the G. duodenalis group on the basis of PCR assays specific for the Assemblages A and B and the DNA sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA and the glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh) genes. Genotyping results showed that G. duodenalis isolates originating from Dutch human patients belonged in 35% of the cases to Assemblage A (34/98) and in 65% of the cases to Assemblage B (64/98) whereas two human cases remained negative in all assays tested. In addition, we compared these human samples with animal samples from the Netherlands and human and animal samples from other countries. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the DNA sequences obtained from these Giardia and those available in GenBank. Using gdh DNA sequence analysis, human and animal Assemblage A and B Giardia isolates could be identified. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed different sub-clustering for human and animal isolates where host–species-specific assemblages (C, D, E, F and G) could be identified. The geographic origin of the human and animal samples was not a discriminating factor.</description><subject>18S rRNA</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Databases, Nucleic Acid</subject><subject>DNA, Protozoan - genetics</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genes, Protozoan</subject><subject>genetic variation</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Giardia</subject><subject>Giardia duodenalis</subject><subject>Giardia intestinalis</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia - classification</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia - genetics</subject><subject>Giardia lamblia - isolation &amp; purification</subject><subject>giardiasis</subject><subject>Giardiasis - parasitology</subject><subject>Giardiasis - transmission</subject><subject>Giardiasis - veterinary</subject><subject>Glutamate dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Glutamate Dehydrogenase - genetics</subject><subject>glutamate dehydrogenase gene</subject><subject>host strains</subject><subject>human strains</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. 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Giardia lamblia, Giardia intestinalis) is a protozoan organism that can infect the intestinal tract of many animal species including mammals. Genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis is well described but the zoonotic potential is still not clear. In this study, we analysed 100 Giardia DNA samples directly isolated from human stool specimens, to get more insight in the different G. duodenalis assemblages present in the Dutch human population. Results showed that these human isolates could be divided into two main Assemblages A and B within the G. duodenalis group on the basis of PCR assays specific for the Assemblages A and B and the DNA sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA and the glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh) genes. Genotyping results showed that G. duodenalis isolates originating from Dutch human patients belonged in 35% of the cases to Assemblage A (34/98) and in 65% of the cases to Assemblage B (64/98) whereas two human cases remained negative in all assays tested. In addition, we compared these human samples with animal samples from the Netherlands and human and animal samples from other countries. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out on the DNA sequences obtained from these Giardia and those available in GenBank. Using gdh DNA sequence analysis, human and animal Assemblage A and B Giardia isolates could be identified. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed different sub-clustering for human and animal isolates where host–species-specific assemblages (C, D, E, F and G) could be identified. The geographic origin of the human and animal samples was not a discriminating factor.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>16701663</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.03.001</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects 18S rRNA
Animals
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Databases, Nucleic Acid
DNA, Protozoan - genetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genes, Protozoan
genetic variation
Genotype
Giardia
Giardia duodenalis
Giardia intestinalis
Giardia lamblia
Giardia lamblia - classification
Giardia lamblia - genetics
Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification
giardiasis
Giardiasis - parasitology
Giardiasis - transmission
Giardiasis - veterinary
Glutamate dehydrogenase
Glutamate Dehydrogenase - genetics
glutamate dehydrogenase gene
host strains
human strains
Humans
Life cycle. Host-agent relationship. Pathogenesis
mammalian strains
Molecular genetics
Molecular Sequence Data
nucleotide sequences
Phylogenetic analysis
Phylogeny
polymerase chain reaction
Protozoa
restriction fragment length polymorphism
ribosomal DNA
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics
sequence homology
Species Specificity
strain differences
zoonoses
Zoonoses - transmission
Zoonotic disease
title Genotyping of Giardia in Dutch patients and animals: A phylogenetic analysis of human and animal isolates
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